''Bulla'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of medium to large

hermaphrodite A hermaphrodite () is a sexually reproducing organism that produces both male and female gametes. Animal species in which individuals are either male or female are gonochoric, which is the opposite of hermaphroditic. The individuals of many ...

sea snails, shelled marine

opisthobranch Opisthobranchs () is a now informal name for a large and diverse group of specialized complex gastropods which used to be united in the subclass Opisthobranchia. That taxon is no longer considered to represent a monophyletic grouping. Euopistho ...

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

molluscs Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...

. These

herbivorous A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically evolved to feed on plants, especially upon vascular tissues such as foliage, fruits or seeds, as the main component of its diet. These more broadly also encompass animals that eat n ...

snails are in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood ...

Cephalaspidea The order Cephalaspidea, also known as the headshield slugs and bubble snails, is a major taxon of sea slugs and bubble snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks within the larger clade Euopisthobranchia. Bubble shells is another commo ...

.Gofas, S. (2010). Bulla Linnaeus, 1758. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137716 on 2011-05-04 These snails are popularly known as "bubble snails" because the shell of some of the species is very inflated indeed, almost spherical in shape, and is also very thin and light. According to some experts, ''Bulla'' is currently the only genus in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Bullidae, which in turn is the only member of the

superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

Bulloidea Bulloidea is a superfamily of sea snails, or bubble snails, marine gastropod mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of ...

. In addition to its taxonomic interest, ''Bulla'' — particularly ''

Bulla gouldiana ''Bulla gouldiana'', the California bubble, Gould's bubble or cloudy bubble snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Bullidae ''Bulla'' is a genus of medium to large hermaphrodite sea snails, shelled marine ...

'' — has served as an important model organism in circadian biology research, where it has been used to investigate

circadian rhythms A circadian rhythm (), or circadian cycle, is a natural oscillation that repeats roughly every 24 hours. Circadian rhythms can refer to any process that originates within an organism (i.e., endogenous) and responds to the environment (is entrai ...

photoentrainment In chronobiology, photoentrainment refers to the process by which an organism's biological clock, or circadian rhythm, synchronizes to daily cycles of light and dark in the environment. The mechanisms of photoentrainment differ from organism to orga ...

, and the neural basis of biological timekeeping, contributing to the broader understanding of biological rhythms and neural systems.

Taxonomy

''Bulla'', ''Haminoea'' and ''Smaragdinella'' form the well-defined

monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...

group Bulloidea, according to the 1996

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ...

analysis of Paula M. Mikkelsen (Malacologia, 37(2): 375-442). But, according to Dr. Bill Rudman and others, differences in the alimentary canal and reproductive system, still put ''Haminoea'' and ''Smaragdinella'' into the separate superfamily Haminoeidea. Historically, since the 18th century and even in the 20th century, the genus name ''Bulla'' has been used for a great number of bubble-shelled species that belonged to the order Cephalapsidea. From the mid-20th century, authors began to restrict species to the genus ''Bulla'' in its current meaning. But misidentifications were still numerous through high levels of intraspecific variability in the shell,

radula The radula (; : radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters ...

and male genital system. The monograph by Malaquias & Reid (2008) has offered a systematic revision of this genus and has brought order in this genus File:Bulla ampulla 01.JPG, ''

Bulla ampulla ''Bulla ampulla'' is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Bullidae. The species has cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of ...

'' File:Bulla striata 01.JPG, ''

Bulla striata ''Bulla striata'', commonly known as the common Atlantic bubble or striate bubble, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Bullidae ''Bulla'' is a genus of medium to large hermaphrodite sea snails, shelled marine ...

'' File:Bulla vernicosa 01.JPG, ''Bulla vernicosa'' File:Bulla gouldiana.jpg, ''

Anatomy

Shell description

All ''Bulla'' species have large, ovate external shells, which are large enough to accommodate the whole snail when retracted. All species have rather similarly shaped shells. The shells have a deep, narrow

umbilicus Umbilicus may refer to: *The navel or belly button *Umbilicus (mollusc), a feature of gastropod, Nautilus and Ammonite shell anatomy *Umbilicus (plant), ''Umbilicus'' (plant), a genus of over ninety species of perennial flowering plants *Umbilicus ...

at the

apex The apex is the highest point of something. The word may also refer to: Arts and media Fictional entities * Apex (comics) A-Bomb Abomination Absorbing Man Abraxas Abyss Abyss is the name of two characters appearing in Ameri ...

. There is no operculum. The smooth shell of ''Bulla'' is ovate and expanded, with a deep, sunken involute top. Since there is little difference between the shells and in the morphology of the radular teeth, there is some uncertainty about the exact taxonomy of the species in ''Bulla''.

Anatomy of the soft parts

The

gizzard The gizzard, also referred to as the ventriculus, gastric mill, and gigerium, is an organ found in the digestive tract of some animals, including archosaurs (birds and other dinosaurs, crocodiles, alligators, pterosaurs), earthworms, some gast ...

of ''Bulla'' is rather different from that of other

groups. It has three large

corneous Corneous is a biological and medical term meaning horny, in other words made out of a substance similar to that of horns and hooves in some mammals. The word is generally used to describe natural or pathological anatomical structures made o ...

crushing plates and ancillary corneous spines, instead of just grinding plates. The crawling snails show prominent, frilled or lobed

parapodia In invertebrates, the term parapodium ( Gr. ''para'', beyond or beside + ''podia'', feet; : parapodia) refers to lateral outgrowths or protrusions from the body. Parapodia are predominantly found in annelids, where they are paired, unjointed late ...

. ''Bulla'' species have a soft radula.

Life habits

These snails are mostly

nocturnal Nocturnality is a ethology, behavior in some non-human animals characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal", versus diurnality, diurnal meaning the opposite. Nocturnal creatur ...

and can be found on shallow, sandy coasts grazing among sea grasses, feeding primarily on

green algae The green algae (: green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic eukaryotes consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister group that contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/ Streptophyta. The land plants ...

. They bury themselves in mud when the tide is out.

Predators

In the coastal lagoons and bays of

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

, the colorful

nudibranch Nudibranchs () are a group of soft-bodied marine gastropod molluscs, belonging to the order Nudibranchia, that shed their shells after their larval stage. They are noted for their often extraordinary colours and striking forms, and they have b ...

Navanax inermis ''Navanax inermis'', common name the California aglaja, is a large species of predatory sea slug, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aglajidae. ''Navanax'' is not a nudibranch, even though it somewhat resembles one; it belon ...

'' is a well-known predator of sea slugs, especially ''

'', which it envelopes whole.

Synonyms

* ''Bulla abyssicola'' Dall, 1881 (junior synonym of ''Bulla pinguicula'') * ''Bulla achatina''

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...

: synonym of ''

Achatina achatina ''Achatina achatina'', commonly known as the giant African snail, also known as the giant tiger land snail is a species of large, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. The name "Achatina" ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla acuminata'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of '' Volvulella acuminata'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla acuta'' d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of '' Volvulella minuta'' (Bush, 1885) * ''Bulla adansonii''

Philippi Philippi (; , ''Phílippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides (, ''Krēnĩdes'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian colonists in 360/359 BC. The city was renamed by Phili ...

, 1847 : synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 ** Distribution: West Africa, Gabon, Cape Verde ** Length : 15 mm * ''Bulla akera'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Akera bullata ''Akera bullata'', named the royal flush sea slug, is a species of sea snail (or sea slug), a marine (ocean), marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Akeridae, a family that is related to the sea hares. This species is the only Euro ...

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla alba'' Turton, 1825: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla albocincta'' van der Hoeven, 1839: synonym of ''

Hydatina albocincta ''Hydatina albocincta'', common name the white-banded bubble, is a species of sea snail or bubble snail, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplustridae The Aplustridae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), ...

'' (van der Hoeven, 1839) * ''Bulla algirae'' A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1850: synonym of '' Melanochlamys algirae'' (A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1850) * ''Bulla amplustre''

: synonym of ''

Aplustrum amplustre ''Aplustrum amplustre'', also known as royal paper bubble, ship’s flag shell, swollen bubble, is a species of sea snails, bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Aplustridae. Description With length of shell arou ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla amygdala'' Dillwyn, 1817 : synonym of ''Bulla striata'' ** Distribution: Canaries, East Atlantic, Mediterranean, Florida, Brazil ** Length : 40 mm * ''Bulla amygdalum'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla amygdalus'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla angasi''

Pilsbry Henry Augustus Pilsbry (7 December 1862 – 26 October 1957) was an American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist, among other areas of study. He was a dominant presence in many fields of invertebrate taxonomy for the better part of a cent ...

, 1893 : synonym of ''Bulla mabillei'' Locard, 1897 ** Distribution: Australia ** Length: 25 mm ** Description: smooth, sturdy, cylindrical shell; color : dark brown * ''Bulla antillarum'' d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of ''

Haminoea antillarum ''Haminoea antillarum'', the Antilles paper bubble or Antilles glassy bubble, is a species of sea snail in the family Haminoeidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Haminoea antillarum (d'Orbigny, 1841). Accessed through: World Register of M ...

'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Bulla aperta'' Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of '' Philine aperta'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Bulla arachis'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: synonym of '' Adamnestia arachis'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Bulla aspersa'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Bulla punctulata'' A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850 * ''Bulla atrolineata'' Schröter, 1804: synonym of ''

Hydatina physis ''Hydatina physis'' is a species of sea snail, a bubble snail, a marine (ocean), marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Aplustridae. Its common names include striped paper bubble, green-lined paper bubble, brown-l ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla aurisjudae''

: synonym of '' Ellobium aurisjudae'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla aurismidae''

: synonym of '' Ellobium aurismidae'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla australis'' Gray, 1825: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla australis'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla bidentata'' d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of '' Cylichnella bidentata'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Bulla biplex'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Truncacteocina biplex'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla biplicata''

A. Adams Arthur Adams (1820 in Gosport, Hampshire – 1878) was an England, English physician and natural history, naturalist. Adams was assistant surgeon Royal Navy on board HMS Samarang (1822), HMS ''Samarang'' during the survey of the islands of ...

, 1850 (synonym of '' Acteocina bidentata'' (

d'Orbigny Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...

, 1841)) ** Distribution : Japan, New Jersey, North Carolina, Florida, Caribbean, Brazil, Uruguay ** Length : 4 mm * ''Bulla birostris'' Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of ''

Phenacovolva birostris ''Phenacovolva'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Ovulidae. Description The narrow, tubular shells taper at both ends. The shell grows to a length of 6 cm. Distribution These species can usually be found o ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Bulla bizona'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Mnestia bizona'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla blainvilliana'' Récluz, 1843: synonym of '' Atys jeffreysi'' (Weinkauff, 1866) * ''Bulla blainvilliana'' Récluz, 1843: synonym of ''Cylichnina umbilicata'' (Montagu, 1803): synonym of '' Retusa umbilicata'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla botanica'' Ch. Hedley, 1918 Australian true bubble, common true bubble : synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 ** Distribution : Australia ** Length : 32–55 mm * ''Bulla brevis'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: synonym of '' Liloa brevis'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Bulla bulla'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of '' Philine quadripartita'' Ascanius, 1772 * ''Bulla calyculata'' Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829: synonym of '' Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''Bulla canaliculata''

: synonym of ''

Tonna canaliculata ''Tonna canaliculata'' is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tonnidae The Tonnidae are a family (biology), family of medium-sized to very large sea snails, known as the tun shells. These are marine inverte ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla carnea'' Poiret, 1789: synonym of '' Pseudosimnia carnea'' (Poiret, 1789) * ''Bulla carnosa'' Cuvier, 1810: synonym of '' Philinopsis depicta'' (Renier, 1807) * ''Bulla castanea'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla catena'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Philine catena'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla catenulifera'' MacGillivray, 1843: synonym of '' Philine scabra'' (O. F. Müller, 1784) * ''Bulla cerealis'' Gould, 1853: synonym of '' Acteocina cerealis'' (Gould, 1853) * ''Bulla cerina'' Menke, 1853: synonym of ''

'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Bulla ceylanica'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of '' Akera soluta'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Bulla cinctoria'' Perry, 1811: synonym of ''

Hydatina zonata ''Hydatina zonata'', common name the zoned paper bubble, is a species of sea snail or bubble snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Aplustridae. Distribution This species occurs in the Indo-Pacific The Indo-Pacific is a vast ...

'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Bulla coarctata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Truncacteocina coarctata'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla coffea''

: synonym of '' Melampus coffea'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla columellaris'' Menke, 1854: synonym of ''Bulla ampulla'' Linnaeus, 1758 * ''Bulla columnae'' Delle Chiaje, 1827: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla concentrica'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pyrunculus concentricus'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla conspersa'' Pease, 1869: synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 * ''Bulla cornea'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Haminoea navicula'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Bulla corticata'' Møller, 1842: synonym of '' Cylichna alba'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Bulla cranchii'' Fleming, 1828: synonym of '' Roxania utriculus'' (Brocchi, 1814) * ''Bulla cretica'' Forbes, 1844: synonym of '' Diaphana cretica'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Bulla cruentata''

, 1850 shiny bubble : synonym of ''Bulla mabillei'' Locard, 1897 ** Distribution : Indian Ocean * ''Bulla culcitella'' Gould, 1853: synonym of ''

Acteocina culcitella ''Acteocina'' is a genus of very small sea snails, bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 ...

'' (Gould, 1853) * ''Bulla curta'' A. Adams 1850: synonym of '' Liloa mongii'' (Audouin, 1826) * ''Bulla cuticulifera'' E. A. Smith, 1872: synonym of '' Liloa brevis'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Bulla cylindracea'' Pennant, 1777: synonym of ''

Cylichna cylindracea ''Cylichna cylindracea'' is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Cylichnidae. The species is found in America, Europe, Africa. It is a predator of foraminiferans Foraminifera ( ; Latin for "hole bearers"; informally called "forams ...

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Bulla cylindrica'' Helbling, 1779: synonym of ''

Aliculastrum cylindricum ''Aliculastrum cylindricum'', (common names: cylindrical atys, cylindrical true bubble, silkworm shell), is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Haminoeidae. Description The length of the shell reaches . (Described as ''Bulla elo ...

'' (Helbling, 1779) * ''Bulla cylindrica'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of ''

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Bulla cymbalum'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1832: synonym of '' Haminoea cymbalum'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) * ''Bulla dactylis'' Menke, 1853: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla debilis'' Gould, 1840: synonym of '' Diaphana minuta'' T. Brown, 1827 * ''Bulla decussata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pyrunculus decussatus'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla delorti'' Mabille, 1896: synonym of ''Bulla ampulla''

* ''Bulla denticulata'' J. Adams, 1800: synonym of '' Philine denticulata'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Bulla dentifera'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Diniatys dentifer'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla desgenettii'' Audouin, 1826: synonym of ''

Retusa desgenettii ''Retusa'' is a genus of very small head-shield sea snails or barrel-bubble snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Retusidae.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013). ''Retusa'' T. Brown, 1827. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at ...

'' (Audouin, 1826) * ''Bulla diaphana'' Gould, 1852: synonym of '' Haminoea elegans'' (Gray, 1825) * ''Bulla diaphana'' Aradas & Maggiore, 1840: synonym of '' Weinkauffia turgidula'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Bulla diaphana'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Trivia arctica'' (Pulteney, 1799) * ''Bulla difficilis'' T. Habe, 1950 : synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 ** Distribution ; Japan * ''Bulla dubiosa'' Mabille, 1896: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla eburnea'' ( Dall, 1927): synonym of ''Leucophysema eburneola'' (Dall, 1927), synonym of '' Roxania eburneola'' (Dall, 1927) * ''Bulla eburneola'' (Dall, 1927): synonym of ''Leucophysema eburneola'' (Dall, 1927): synonym of '' Roxania eburneola'' (Dall, 1927) * ''Bulla elastica'' Danilo & Sandri, 1856: synonym of ''

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla elegans'' Menke, 1830: synonym of ''

Micromelo undatus ''Micromelo undatus'', common name the miniature melo, is an uncommon species of small sea snail or bubble snail, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplustridae. Distribution This species occurs in the Caribbean, Florida, ...

'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla elegans'' Gray, 1825: synonym of '' Haminoea elegans'' (Gray, 1825) * ''Bulla elongata'' A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1850: synonym of ''

'' (Helbling, 1779) * ''Bulla eumicra'' Crosse in Crosse & Fischer, 1865: synonym of ''Tornatina eumicra'' (Crosse, 1865): synonym of '' Acteocina eumicra'' (Crosse, 1865) * ''Bulla exigua'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Austrocylichna exigua'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla exilis'' Dunker, 1860: synonym of '' Acteocina exilis'' (Dunker, 1860) * ''Bulla eximia'' Deshayes, 1863: synonym of ''

Micromelo guamensis ''Micromelo guamensis'', common name the Guam paper bubble, is a species of sea snail, a bubble snail, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusc in the family Aplustridae. Description This species has a white shell with black to brownish wavy l ...

'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) * ''Bulla farrani'' Norman, 1890: synonym of ''

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla fasciata'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of '' Hydatina fasciata'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla ferruginosa'' A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1850: synonym of ''

Atys naucum ''Atys naucum'', common names the "white nut sheath bubble'" and the "Pacific nut sheath bubble", is a species of small tropical sea snail, a bubble snail, a Marine (ocean), marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Haminoeidae, the ha ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla ficus'' (

): synonym of '' Ficus ficus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla flavescens'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Haminoea flavescens'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla flexilis'' Montagu, 1808: synonym of '' Velutina plicatilis'' (O. F. Müller, 1776) * ''Bulla folliculus'' Menke, 1853: synonym of '' Haminoea navicula'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Bulla fontinalis'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Physa fontinalis ''Physa fontinalis'', common name the common bladder snail, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Physidae. The shells of species in the genus ''Physa'' are left-handed or sinistral. Descrip ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla fourierii'' Audouin, 1826: synonym of '' Pyrunculus fourierii'' (Audouin, 1826) * ''Bulla fragilis'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla fragilis'' Vélain, 1877: synonym of '' Notodiaphana fragilis'' (Vélain, 1877) * ''Bulla gargottae'' Calcara, 1840: synonym of ''

Oxynoe olivacea ''Oxynoe olivacea'' is a species of small green bubble snail or sea slug, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Oxynoidae. Despite a superficial resemblance, this is not a nudibranch, it is a sacoglossan, and like other ''Oxynoe'' species, i ...

'' Rafinesque, 1814 * ''Bulla gemma'' A. E. Verrill, 1880 jewel bubble : synonym of '' Roxania semilaevis'' ( Seguenza, 1880) ** Distribution : New York ** Length : 4.2 mm * ''Bulla gibbosa''

: synonym of ''

Cyphoma gibbosum The flamingo tongue snail (''Cyphoma gibbosum'') is a species of small but brightly colored sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries. Taxonomy A 2017 DNA analysis confirmed that ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla girardi'' Audouin, 1826: synonym of '' Ventomnestia girardi'' (Audouin, 1826) * ''Bulla glauca'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''Bulla gracilis'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Acteocina gracilis'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla guernei'' Dautzenberg, 1889: synonym of '' Roxania pinguicula'' (Seguenza, 1880) * ''Bulla guildingii'' Swainson, 1840: synonym of '' Haminoea elegans'' (Gray, 1825) * ''Bulla haliotidea'' Renier in Gerville, 1825: synonym of ''

Simnia patula ''Simnia patula'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae Ovulidae, common names the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries, is a family (biology), family of small to large predatory or parasitic sea snail ...

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Bulla haliotoidea'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Lamellaria perspicua'' (

) * ''Bulla hanleyi'' Adams A. in Sowerby G.B. II, 1850: synonym of ''

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla helicoides'' Brocchi, 1814: synonym of '' Ampulla priamus'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Bulla hiemalis'' Couthouy, 1839: synonym of '' Diaphana hiemalis'' (Couthouy, 1839) * ''Bulla hirundinina'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: synonym of '' Chelidonura hirundinina'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Bulla hoernesii'' Weinkauff, 1866: synonym of '' Pyrunculus hoernesii'' (Weinkauff, 1866) * ''Bulla hyalina'' Turton, 1834: synonym of '' Diaphana minuta'' T. Brown, 1827 * ''Bulla hydatis''

: synonym of ''

Haminoea hydatis ''Haminoea hydatis'' is a species of sea snail or bubble snail, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusc in the family Haminoeidae Haminoeidae, commonly known as the haminoeid bubble snail family, is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla imperialis'' Solander, 1786: synonym of '' Ovula costellata'' Lamarck, 1810 * ''Bulla incincta'' Mighels, 1844: synonym of '' Acteocina canaliculata'' (Say, 1826) * ''Bulla incommoda'' E. A. Smith, 1891: synonym of '' Sphaerocylichna incommoda'' (E. A. Smith, 1891) * ''Bulla inculta'' Gould, 1855: synonym of '' Acteocina inculta'' (Gould, 1855) * ''Bulla involuta'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Cylichna involuta'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla laevis'' Aradas & Maggiore, 1840: synonym of ''

Scaphander lignarius ''Scaphander lignarius'', common name the woody canoe-bubble, is a species of sea snail, a bubble snail, a marine (ocean), marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Scaphandridae, the canoe-bubbles.

'' (

) * ''Bulla latens'' Müller O.F., 1776: synonym of '' Lamellaria latens'' (Müller O. F., 1776) * ''Bulla lepida'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Pseudosimnia carnea'' (Poiret, 1789) * ''Bulla lignaria''

: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla lima'' Brown, 1827: synonym of '' Philine lima'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Bulla lineata'' Gray, 1825: synonym of '' Bullina lineata'' (Gray, 1825) * ''Bulla lineolata'' Couthouy, 1839: synonym of '' Philine lima'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Bulla lutea'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: synonym of '' Phanerophthalmus luteus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Bulla mammillata'' Philippi, 1836: synonym of '' Retusa mammillata'' (Philippi, 1836) * ''Bulla marmorata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Mnestia marmorata'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla marmorea'' Pease, 1860: synonym of ''Bulla peasiana'' Pilsbry, 1895 * ''Bulla millepunctata'' Locard, 1897: synonym of '' Scaphander nobilis'' Verrill, 1884 * ''Bulla minor'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''Bulla modesta'' Risso, 1826: synonym of ''

'' (

) * ''Bulla mongii'' Audouin, 1826: synonym of '' Liloa mongii'' (Audouin, 1826) * ''Bulla monodonta'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Diniatys monodonta'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla mucronata'' Philippi, 1849: synonym of '' Acteocina mucronata'' (Philippi, 1849) * ''Bulla naucum''

: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla navicul''a da Costa, 1778: synonym of '' Haminoea navicula'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Bulla nebulosa'' Gould in Adams, 1850 : synonym of ''Bulla gouldiana'' Pilsbry, 1895 ** Distribution : Atlantic * ''Bulla nitida'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pyrunculus pyriformis'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla nitidula'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''

'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla norwegica'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of ''

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla nucleola'' Reeve, 1855: synonym of '' Cylichna nucleola'' (Reeve, 1855) * ''Bulla nucleus'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Pseudosimnia carnea'' (Poiret, 1789) * ''Bulla nucleus'' Mawe, 1823: synonym of '' Pseudosimnia carnea'' (Poiret, 1789) * ''Bulla nux'' Menke, 1853: synonym of ''Bulla occidentalis'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Bulla oblonga'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla obstricta'' Gould, 1839: synonym of '' Acteocina canaliculata'' (Say, 1826) * ''Bulla obtusa'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Retusa obtusa'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla occulta'' Mighels & Adams, 1842: synonym of '' Cylichna occulta'' (Mighels & Adams, 1842) * ''Bulla oliva'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Bulla omphalodes'' Menke, 1853: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla orbignyana'' de Férussac, 1822: synonym of '' Haminoea orbignyana'' (Férussac, 1822) * ''Bulla oryza'' Totten, 1835: synonym of '' Cylichnella oryza'' (Totten, 1835) * ''Bulla ovula'' Gould in Sowerby, 1868: synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 * ''Bulla ovulata'' Brocchi, 1814 sensu Jeffreys, 1856: synonym of '' Atys jeffreysi'' (Weinkauff, 1866) * ''Bulla ovulina'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Volvulella ovulina'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla ovulum'' Gould in Angas, 1867: synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 * ''Bulla ovum'' Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of ''

Ovula ovum ''Ovula ovum'', common name the common egg cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries. Description The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average o ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla pallida''

: synonym of '' Hyalina pallida'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla parallela'' Gould, 1847: synonym of ''

Aliculastrum parallelum ''Aliculastrum'' is a genus of small sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Aliculastrum Pilsbry, 1896. Accessed through: World Register of Marine S ...

'' (Gould, 1847) * ''Bulla patula'' Pennant, 1777: synonym of ''Xandarovula patula'' (Pennant, 1777): synonym of ''

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Bulla pectinata'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Philine scabra'' (O. F. Müller, 1784) * ''Bulla pellucida'' Brown, 1827: synonym of '' Retusa truncatula'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla pellucida'' Sars G.O., 1878: synonym of '' Retusa pellucida'' (Sars G. O., 1878) * ''Bulla perdicinia'' Menke, 1853: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla pertenuis'' Mighels, 1843: synonym of '' Retusa obtusa'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla physis''

: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla physis'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Hydatina vesicaria ''Hydatina'' is a genus of sea snails, bubble snails, marine (ocean), marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Aplustridae. Species Species within this genus include: * ''Hydatina albocincta'' Van der Hoeven, 1839 * ''Hydatina cin ...

'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Bulla pinguicula'' Seguenza, 1879: synonym of '' Roxania pinguicula'' (Seguenza, 1880) * ''Bulla plicata'' Brown, 1827: synonym of '' Retusa obtusa'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla plicatilis'' O. F. Müller, 1776: synonym of '' Velutina plicatilis'' (O. F. Müller, 1776) * ''Bulla plumula'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''

Berthella plumula ''Berthella plumula'', commonly known as yellow-plumed sea slug, is a gastropod mollusc usually found on rocky coasts in the infralittoral zone and which can live up to 30m depth. Description ''Berthella plumula'' is an oval-shaped sea slug ...

'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla producta'' Brown, 1827: synonym of ''

'' (Pennant, 1777) * ''Bulla propecylindracea'' de Gregorio, 1890: synonym of '' Cylichna propecylindracea'' (de Gregorio, 1890) * ''Bulla pulchella'' Swainson, 1840: synonym of ''

'' (

) * ''Bulla punctata'' Adams J., 1800: synonym of '' Philine punctata'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Bulla punctata'' A. Adams in Sowerby, 1868: synonym of ''Bulla mabillei'' Locard, 1897 * ''Bulla punctata'' ic synonym of ''Bulla punctulata'' A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850 * ''Bulla punctostriata'' Mighels & Adams, 1842: synonym of '' Scaphander punctostriatus'' (Mighels & Adams, 1842) * ''Bulla pygmaea'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Retusa pygmaea'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla pyriformis'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pyrunculus pyriformis'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla quadrata'' S. Wood, 1839: synonym of '' Philine quadrata'' (S. Wood, 1839) * ''Bulla quoyana'' d'Orbigny, 1845: synonym of ''

'' (

) * ''Bulla quoyi'' Gray in A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Bulla punctulata'' A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850 * ''Bulla rapa'' (

): synonym of ''

Rapa rapa ''Rapa rapa'', common name the bubble turnip, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description Rapa rapa was first described in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus as ''Murex rapa''. ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla regularis'' Gould, 1859: synonym of '' Adamnestia arachis'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Bulla reinhardi'' Møller, 1842: synonym of '' Cylichna occulta'' (Mighels & Adams, 1842) * ''Bulla resiliens'' Donovan, 1801: synonym of ''

'' O. F. Müller, 1776 * ''Bulla retifer'' Forbes, 1844: synonym of '' Philine retifera'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Bulla retifera'' Forbes, 1844: synonym of '' Philine retifera'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Bulla retusa'' Maton & Rackett, 1807: synonym of '' Retusa truncatula'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla robagliana'' Fischer P. in de Folin, 1869: synonym of ''Cylichnina robagliana'' (P. Fischer, 1869): synonym of ''

Retusa robagliana ''Retusa'' is a genus of very small head-shield sea snails or barrel-bubble snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Retusidae.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013). ''Retusa'' T. Brown, 1827. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at ...

'' (P. Fischer, 1869) * ''Bulla roperiana'' Pilsbry, 1895: synonym of ''Bulla striata'' Bruguière, 1792 * ''Bulla rostrata'' A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850: synonym of '' Volvulella rostrata'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla rubiginosa'' Gould, 1852: synonym of ''Bulla occidentalis'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Bulla rufolabris''

in Sowerby, 1850 : synonym of ''Bulla punctulata'' A. Adams, 1850 ** Distribution : West America, Galapagos ** Length : 10–15 mm * ''Bulla scabra'' O. F. Müller, 1784: synonym of '' Philine scabra'' (O. F. Müller, 1784) * ''Bulla schroeteri'' Philippi, 1844: synonym of '' Philine aperta'' (

) * ''Bulla secale'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''

Cymbovula acicularis ''Cymbovula acicularis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries. Distribution This marine species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off Guadeloupe. Description The m ...

'' (Lamarck, 1811) * ''Bulla secunda'' Mabille, 1896: synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 * ''Bulla semisulcata'' Philippi, 1836: synonym of '' Retusa truncatula'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla simplex'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Acteocina simplex'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla simplex'' Locard, 1897: synonym of '' Relichna simplex'' (Locard, 1897) * ''Bulla sinensis'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Bullacta exarata'' (Philippi, 1849) * ''Bulla smaragdina'' A. Adams, 1874: synonym of '' Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''Bulla smaragdina'' Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830: synonym of '' Phanerophthalmus smaragdinus'' (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) * ''Bulla solida'' A. Adams in Sowerby, 1868: synonym of ''Bulla mabillei'' Locard, 1897 * ''Bulla solida'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of ''

Aliculastrum solidum ''Aliculastrum'' is a genus of small sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Aliculastrum Pilsbry, 1896. Accessed through: World Register of Marine S ...

'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla solida'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of ''

'' (Helbling, 1779) * ''Bulla solidula''

: synonym of '' Pupa solidula'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla soluta'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Akera soluta (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Bulla speciosa'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''

Atys caribaeus Atys may refer to: * Atys (King of Alba Longa), a king of Alba Longa in Roman mythology * Atys of Lydia, an early king of Lydia, then probably known as Maeonia, and was the father of Lydus * Atys (son of Croesus), the son of the later King Croesus ...

'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Bulla spelta''

: synonym of ''

Simnia spelta ''Simnia spelta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine Gastropoda, gastropod Mollusca, mollusc in the Family (biology), family Ovulidae, the ovulids, which are cowrie allies sometimes called "false cowries". It was Species description, first desc ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla staminea'' Menke, 1835: synonym of ''

'' (

) * ''Bulla striatula'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Volvulella striatula'' (A. Adams, 1862) * ''Bulla striatula'' Forbes, 1844: synonym of '' Retusa mammillata'' (Philippi, 1836) * ''Bulla strigella'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Cylichna biplicata'' (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850) * ''Bulla subangulata'' Möller, 1842: synonym of '' Diaphana minuta'' T. Brown, 1827 * ''Bulla subaustralis'' Mabille, 1896: synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 * ''Bulla substriata'' Menke, 1853: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla subtropicalis'' Powell, 1965: synonym of ''Bulla vernicosa'' Gould, 1859 * ''Bulla succisa'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''

'' (Helbling, 1779) * ''Bulla sulcata'' d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of '' Retusa sulcata'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Bulla sulcata'' d'Orbigny, 1841: synonym of '' Retusa sulcata'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Bulla tenella'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Haminoea tenella'' (A. Adams in Sowerby, 1850) * ''Bulla tenera'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Haminoea tenera'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Bulla tenuis'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Akera soluta'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Bulla tenuissima'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1868: synonym of ''Bulla quoyii'' Gray, 1843 * ''Bulla thalassiarchi'' A. Adams, 1855: synonym of ''

'' (

) * ''Bulla tornatilis''

: synonym of ''

Acteon tornatilis ''Acteon tornatilis'', common name the "lathe acteon", is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a predatory marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusc in the family (biology), family Acteonidae, the barrel bubble snails.Gofas, S. (2014). Acteon torn ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla trifasciata'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1868: synonym of ''Bulla ampulla''

* ''Bulla triticea'' Couthouy, 1838: synonym of '' Jujubinus poppei'' Curini-Galletti, 1985 * ''Bulla truncata'' Adams J., 1800: synonym of '' Retusa truncatula'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla truncatula'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of '' Retusa truncatula'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla tumida'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Akera soluta'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Bulla turgidula'' Forbes, 1844: synonym of '' Weinkauffia turgidula'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Bulla turrita'' Møller, 1842: synonym of '' Retusa obtusa'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla umbilicata'' Röding, 1798 : synonym of ''Bulla occidentalis'' A. Adams, 1850 ** Distribution : Caribbean ** Length : 17 mm * ''Bulla umbilicata'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of '' Retusa umbilicata'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Bulla undata'' Bruguière, 1792: synonym of ''

'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Bulla utriculata'' Locard, 1886: synonym of '' Roxania utriculus'' (Brocchi, 1814) * ''Bulla utriculus'' Brocchi, 1814: synonym of '' Roxania utriculus'' (Brocchi, 1814) * ''Bulla velum'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Bulla velutina'' Müller O.F., 1776: synonym of '' Velutina velutina'' (O. F. Müller, 1776) * ''Bulla verrucosa''

: synonym of '' Calpurnus verrucosus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla vesica'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Olivancillaria vesica'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Bulla vesicaria'' Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of ''

'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Bulla vestita'' Philippi, 1844: synonym of '' Philine retifera'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Bulla villosa'' Martyn, 1784: synonym of ''Bulla ampulla''

* ''Bulla virginea'' Cantraine, 1835: synonym of ''Pseudosimnia adriatica'' Schilder, 1941: synonym of ''

Pseudosimnia adriatica ''Pseudosimnia adriatica'', common name the Adriatic egg shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae Ovulidae, common names the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries, is a family (biology), family of s ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1828) * ''Bulla viridis'' Rang in Quoy & Gaimard, 1832: synonym of '' Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''Bulla vitrea'' M. Sars, 1866: synonym of '' Diaphana hiemalis'' (Couthouy, 1839) * ''Bulla voluta'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833: synonym of '' Acteocina decorata'' (Pilsbry, 1904) * ''Bulla volva''

: synonym of ''

Volva volva ''Volva volva'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae Ovulidae, common names the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries, is a family (biology), family of small to large predatory or parasitic sea snails, ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Bulla zonata'' Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of ''

'' (Lightfoot, 1786) * ''Bulla zonata'' Turton, 1834: synonym of ''

'' (

)

Species

* ''

Pacific bulla, ampulle bulla ** Distribution : on sandy sublittoral bottoms of warmer seas, tropical Indo-Pacific, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines ** Length : 60 mm (largest shell of the Cephalaspidea) ** Description : This is the common ''Bulla'' in tropical Indo-Pacific; globose, inflated, moderately solid body whorl. The white aperture is as long as the rest of the shell.The rounded outer lip is extended posteriorly beyond the apex. Columella in a reversed 'S'-shape, smooth and thinly callous. Cream-colored with blotches of dark, purple-brown. * '' Bulla arabica'' Malaquias & Reid, 2008 * '' Bulla bermudae'' Verrill and Bush, 1900 ** Distribution : Bermudas ** Length : 3 mm * '' Bulla clausa'' Dall, 1889 imperforate bubble ** Distribution : Florida ** Length : 12 mm * ''

, 1895 California bubble, Gould's bubble, cloudy bubble ** Distribution : Northwest America, California to Ecuador ** Length : 30–64 mm ** Description: semi-transparent head, mantle and foot are yellowish-brown with mottled pale-bluish dots; reddish to brown involute (= sunken) apex; the aperture is wide anteriorly, narrow posteriorly; their egg mass is yellow to orange tangled string of jelly, containing oval capsules. Each one contains up to 25 eggs, which develop into veliger larvae. * '' Bulla indolens'' Dall, 1927 ** Distribution : Georgia ** Length : 7.5 mm ** Description : found at depths up to 800 m * '' Bulla japonica'' T. Habe, 1976 ** Distribution : Japan * '' Bulla krebsii'' Dall, 1889 ** Distribution : Guadeloupe ** Length : 8 mm ** Description : found at depths up to 1400 m * '' Bulla mabillei'' E. A. A. Locard, 1896 Mabille's bubble ** Distribution : Turkey, Canaries, Madeira, Cape Verde, West Africa ** Length : 33–52 mm ** Description : larger than the other European species; difficult to obtain; color : yellowish-brown with dark bluish dots * '' Bulla morgana'' Dall, 1908 ** Distribution : West America * '' Bulla occidentalis''

, 1850 (synonym of ''Bulla striata'') common West Indian bubble ** Distribution : Brazil, North Carolina to Florida, Bahamas, Caribbean. ** Length : 25 mm ** Description : thin, rotund, oval shell with a smooth, glazed surface; pale color with brown spots; involute (= sunken) apex; large body whorl; long aperture, wide anteriorly; white columella. * '' Bulla orientalis'' T. Habe, 1941 ** Distribution : Indo Pacific ** Description : brown punctuate marks on the shell * '' Bulla peasiana'' Pilsbry, 1895 * '' Bulla punctulata''

In Sowerby, 1850 ** Distribution : Pacific, California, Mexico, Peru ** Length : 30 mm ** Description : the shell looks like the one of ''Bulla ampula'', but is smaller and more cylindrical. Its color is cream, with clouding of brown or gray in two to four spiral bands, generally spotted with squarish chocolate dots, bordered to the right by white spots. * '' Bulla quoyii'' Gray in Dieffenbach, 1843 brown bubble shell ** Distribution : Southern Australia, northern New Zealand. ** Length : 44 mm-60 mm ** Description :The calcified shell has a gray-brown color, with blotches of various shades of brown; the snail has a bright honey-golden color. The hind extremities of the headshield have evolved into tentacles, directing the water over Hancock's organ. The egg-mass is a jelly-like sphere, with the eggs in a spiral string. After the breeding period, there occurs a mass mortality of the animals, just like the

sea hares The order Aplysiida, commonly known as sea hares (''Aplysia'' species and related genera), are medium-sized to very large opisthobranch gastropod molluscs with a soft internal shell made of protein. These are marine gastropod molluscs in the ...

. * '' Bulla solida'' Gmelin, 1791 solid bubble ** Distribution : Mexico, Florida, Texas, Cuba, Colombia. ** Length : 30–52 mm ** Description : found at depths up to 25 m * ''

Bruguière Bruguière is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Barthélemy Bruguière (1792-1835), first Apostolic Vicar of Korea *Jean-Louis Bruguière (born 1943), French judge *Jean Guillaume Bruguière (1749 or 1750–1798), French physicia ...

, 1792 common Atlantic bubble, striate bubble ** Distribution : Mediterranean, Morocco, Canaries, Azores, Atlantic Ocean, Florida ** Length : 12–30 mm ** Description : The shell is thin, delicate and rather narrow. The body whorl is oval and convex. The smooth elongated aperture narrows posteriorly, but is wide anteriorly. The columellar callus is rather small; The thin outer lip is incurved and extends a little beyond the apex; The color is brown-gray, with darker, smudged dots and dashes, spread unevenly over the surface. The surface is smooth, with some spiral grooves at the posterior end and at the apical

. There is no operculum. The foot is well developed. There are no parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths). The broadened head has no tentacles. The gills and the osphradium are inside the mantle cavity. The radula has three laterals on each side of the central tooth. * '' Bulla vernicosa''

Gould Gould may refer to: People * Gould (name), a surname Places United States * Gould, Arkansas, a city * Gould, Colorado, an unincorporated community * Gould, Ohio, an unincorporated community * Gould, Oklahoma, a town * Gould, West Virginia, an ...

, 1859 (most probably a color variant of ''Bulla ampulla'') ** Distribution : Indo Pacific, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan, Tonga ** Length : 27–50 mm ** Description : white-colored shell with light brown spots

Other species

In addition to the above, there are a substantial number of names in ''Bulla'' that apply to the species ''

'', including ''Bulla akera'' (Gmelin, J.F., 1791), ''Bulla norwegica'' (Bruguière, J.G., 1789), ''Bulla canaliculata'' (Olivi, 1792), ''Bulla resiliens'' (Donovan, E., 1801), ''Bulla fragilis'' (Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de, 1822), ''Bulla hanleyi'' (Adams A. in Sowerby G.B. II, 1850/1855), Bulla elastica (Sandri & Danilo, 1856), ''Bulla farrani'' (Norman, 1890), ''Bulla globosa'' (Cantraine, F.J., 1840)

References

Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp
* Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 * Glen Pownall, ''New Zealand Shells and Shellfish'', Seven Seas Publishing Pty Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand 1979

External links

Picture of the California Bubble

Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California; United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642
'......

public domain The public domain (PD) consists of all the creative work to which no Exclusive exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly Waiver, waived, or may be inapplicable. Because no one holds ...

.'' {{Taxonbar, from=Q578492 Gastropods described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Gastropod genera