Bulimulidae is a

taxonomic 280px, Generalized scheme of taxonomy Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme of classes (a taxonomy) and the allocation ...

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group inclu ...

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

molluscs Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...

in the superfamily

Orthalicoidea Orthalicoidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the infraorder Orthalicoidei of the suborder Helicina.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Simpulopsidae Schileyko, 1999. Accessed through: Wor ...

.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Bulimulidae Tryon, 1867. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=549409 on 2020-06-27

Distribution

Distribution of species in the family Bulimulidae includes

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

(9 genera) and other South American countries. Some species also occur in North America.

Fossil record

The family's oldest fossil record dates from the late Cretaceous of Brazil (

Itaboraí Basin Itaboraí (, ) is a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, that belongs to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area. It was founded in 1672. In 2020, it had a population of 242,543. Around the year 1000, Tupi-speakin ...

Anatomy

Members of this family have a

haploid Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell (biology), cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for Autosome, autosomal and Pseudoautosomal region, pseudoautosomal genes. Here ''sets of chromosomes'' refers to the num ...

chromosome A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes, the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with nucleosome-forming packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells, the most import ...

number between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: ''Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology''. in Barker G. M. (ed.):
The biology of terrestrial molluscs
'. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, . 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142. Cited as Bulimulidae in the source. Shells of species within Bostrycinae have a smooth

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called " ...

and the genital organs feature a relatively long penis sheath (ca. 1/4–1/6 total phallus length).

Taxonomy

Previously, the members of the

Orthalicidae Orthalicidae (orthalicid land snails) are a family of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks are classified in the subfamily Orthalicoidea of the order Stylommatophora.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase ...

were also included in this family, as the subfamily Orthalicinae, and the taxa listed here were placed in their own subfamily, the Bulimulinae.

2005 taxonomy

Bulimulinae was placed in the family

according to the

taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005) The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised in 2005 by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is a system for the scientific classification of gastropod mollusks (Gastropods are a taxonomic class of animals which consists of snails and sl ...

. The subfamily Bulimulinae included 3 tribes: * Tribe

Bulimulini Bulimulidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod Mollusca, molluscs in the superfamily Orth ...

Tryon, 1867 - synonyms: Bulimidae Guilding, 1828 (inv.); Berendtiinae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1872; Bothiembryontidae Iredale, 1937 * Tribe

Odontostomini Odontostomidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surpri ...

Pilsbry Henry Augustus Pilsbry (7 December 1862 – 26 October 1957) was an American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist, among other areas of study. He was a dominant presence in many fields of invertebrate taxonomy for the better part of a cent ...

& Vanatta, 1898 - synonym: Tomogeridae Jousseaume, 1877 * Tribe Simpulopsini Schileyko, 1999

2010 taxonomy

Breure et al. (2010) moved ''

Bothriembryon ''Bothriembryon'' is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Bothriembryontidae. B. J. Smith (1992) made the last review of the genus summarizing all known data. Distribution The ...

'' to

Placostylidae Bothriembryontidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Orthalicoidea. Taxonomy This family has been named Placostylidae and had no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of th ...

(since 2012 as Bothriembryontidae), elevated Bulimulinae to Bulimulidae and Odontostomini to

Odontostomidae Odontostomidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod Mollusca, molluscs in the superfamily O ...

2012 taxonomy

Breure & Romero (2012) confirmed previous results from 2010, additionally they elevated Simpulopsini to

Simpulopsidae Simpulopsidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of air-breathing land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod Mollusca, molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase ...

. There are three subfamilies within Bulimulidae: * subfamily Bulimulinae Tryon, 1867 * subfamily Peltellinae Gray, 1855 * subfamily Bostrycinae Breure, 2012

Genera

Genera in the family Bulimulidae include: ;subfamily Bulimulinae Tryon, 1887: (synonym: Berendtiinae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1872) * '' Anctus'' E. von Martens, 1860 * '' Auris'' Spix, 1827 * '' Berendtia'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1869 * ''

Bocourtia ''Bocourtia'' is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, a pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Bulimulinae of the family Bulimulidae Bulimulidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-t ...

'' Rochebrune, 1882 * ''

Bulimulus ''Bulimulus'' is a genus of small to medium-sized tropical or sub-tropical, air-breathing land snails, pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Bulimulinae within the family Bulimulidae.Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and su ...

'' Leach, 1814 -

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearin ...

of the subfamily Bulimulinae * '' Cochlorina'' Jan, 1830 * '' Graptostracus'' Pilsbry, 1939 * '' Kora'' Simone, 2012 * '' Lopesianus'' Weyrauch, 1958 * '' Naesiotus'' Albers, 1850 * '' Neopetraeus'' E. von Martens, 1885 * '' Newboldius'' Pilsbry, 1932 * '' Otostomus'' H. Beck, 1837 * '' Oxychona'' Mörch, 1852 * '' Protoglyptus'' Pilsbry, 1897 * '' Pseudoxychona'' Pilsbry, 1930 * '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 * '' Scutalus'' Albers, 1850 * '' Spartocentrum'' Dall, 1895 * '' Sphaeroconcha'' Breure, 1978 * '' Stenostylus'' Pilsbry, 1898 * '' Suniellus'' Breure, 1978 ;subfamily Peltellinae * ''

Antidrymaeus ''Antidrymaeus'' is a genus of tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Peltellinae of the family Bulimulidae. ''Antidrymaeus'' was previously considered a subgenus of ''Drymaeus ''Drymaeus'' is a large g ...

'' Germain, 1907 * ''

Drymaeus ''Drymaeus'' is a large genus of medium-sized, air-breathing tropical land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod Mollusca, molluscs belonging to the subfamily Peltellinae within the family Bulimulidae. It is one of the most ...

'' Albers, 1850 * '' Peltella'' Gray, 1855 - type genus of the subfamily Peltellinae * ''

Mesembrinus ''Mesembrinus'' is a genus of tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Peltellinae of the family Bulimulidae. ''Mesembrinus'' was previously considered a subgenus of ''Drymaeus ''Drymaeus'' is a large genu ...

'' Albers, 1850 ;subfamily Bostrycinae * '' Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847

sensu lato ''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular co ...

- type genus of the subfamily Bostrycinae ;Unassigned within Bulimulidae * '' Bulimus'' Bruguière, 1789 (temporary name) * '' Itaborahia'' Maury, 1935 * † '' Oreoconus'' D. W. Taylor in McKenna et al., 1962 * † '' Palaeobulimulus'' Parodiz, 1949 * '' Stapafurdius'' Simone, 2021 * † ''

Tocobaga Tocobaga (occasionally Tocopaca) was the name of a chiefdom of Native Americans, its chief, and its principal town during the 16th century. The chiefdom was centered around the northern end of Old Tampa Bay, the arm of Tampa Bay that extends betw ...

'' Auffenberg, Slapcinsky & Portell, 2015

Synonyms

* ''Adzharia'' P. Hesse, 1933: synonym of ''

'' Leach, 1814 (junior synonym) * ''Antidrymaeus'' Germain, 1907: synonym of ''Drymaeus (Mesembrinus)'' Albers, 1850 represented as ''

'' Albers, 1850 * ''Atahualpa'' Strebel, 1910: synonym of ''

Thaumastus Thaumastus (born c. 400) was a friend and uncle of Sidonius Apollinaris. His brother, the elder Apollinaris was born around 405Christian Settipani, Les Ancêtres de Charlemagne (France: Éditions Christian, 1989) and was the praetorian prefect of ...

'' E. von Martens, 1860 * ''Ataxellus'' Dall, 1912: synonym of ''Bostryx (Geopyrgus)'' Pilsbry, 1896 represented as''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Ataxus'' Albers, 1850: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Bilamelliferus'' Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 (junior synonymy) * ''Cochlogena'' Férussac, 1821: synonym of ''

'' Leach, 1814 (junior synonym) * ''Diaphanomormus'' Weyrauch, 1964: synonym of ''Drymaeus (Mesembrinus)'' Albers, 1850 represented as ''

'' Albers, 1850 * ''Elatibostryx'' Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Floreziellus'' Weyrauch, 1967: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 (junior synonymy) * ''Geoceras'' Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of ''Bostryx (Geopyrgus)'' Pilsbry, 1896 represented as ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Globulinus'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875: synonym of '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Goniognathmus'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875: synonym of ''

'' Albers, 1850 (junior synonym) * ''Hamadryas'' Albers, 1850: synonym of ''

'' Albers, 1850 * ''Hannarabdotus'' Emerson & Jacobson, 1964: synonym of '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Kionoptyx'' Haas, 1966: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 (junior synonymy) * ''Kuschelenia'' Hylton Scott, 1951: synonym of ''Bocourtia (Kuschelenia)'' Hylton Scott, 1951 represented as ''

'' Rochebrune, 1882 * ''Leptodrymaeus'' Pilsbry, 1946: synonym of ''Drymaeus (Mesembrinus)'' Albers, 1850 represented as ''

'' Albers, 1850 * ''Leptomerus'' Albers, 1850: synonym of ''

'' Leach, 1814 * ''Leptomormus'' Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of ''Drymaeus (Mesembrinus)'' Albers, 1850 represented as ''

'' Albers, 1850 * ''Liostracus'' ic synonym of ''

Leiostracus ''Leiostracus'' is a genus of small to medium-sized neotropical, air-breathing land snails, pulmonate gastropod mollusks in family Simpulopsidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Leiostracus Albers, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of ...

'' Albers, 1850 (misspelling of original genus, ''Leiostracus'' Albers, 1850) * ''Loboa'' Ihering, 1917: synonym of ''

'' Leach, 1814 * ''Mormus'' E. von Martens, 1860: synonym of ''

'' Albers, 1850 * ''Multifasciatus'' Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of ''Bostryx (Geopyrgus)'' Pilsbry, 1896 represented as ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Naesiotellus'' Weyrauch, 1967: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 (junior synonym) * ''Navicula'' Spix, 1827: synonym of '' Cochlorina'' Jan, 1830 * ''Nesiotes'' E. von Martens, 1860: synonym of '' Naesiotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Obstrussus'' Parodiz, 1946: synonym of '' Naesiotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Olinodia'' Dall, 1920: synonym of ''Naesiotus (Reclasta)'' Dall, 1920 represented as '' Naesiotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Orphaicus'' Schaufuss, 1869: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1860 * ''Orphnus'' Albers, 1850: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1860 * ''Orthotomium'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875: synonym of '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Pachyotus'' H. Beck, 1837: synonym of ''Auris'' Spix, 1827 * ''Pachytholus'' Strebel, 1909: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1860 * ''Pampasinus'' Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of ''Bostryx (Platybostryx)'' Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Peronaeus'' Albers, 1850: synonym of ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Phenacotaxus'' Dall, 1912: synonym of ''Bostryx (Geopyrgus)'' Pilsbry, 1896 represented as ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Plecochilus'' Agassiz, 1846: synonym of ''

Plekocheilus ''Plekocheilus'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Amphibulimidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Plekocheilus Guilding, 1827. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

'' Guilding, 1827 (unjustified emendation) * ''Pseudoperonaeus'' Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of ''Bostryx (Geopyrgus)'' Pilsbry, 1896 represented as ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Pseudorhodea'' Dall, 1895: synonym of ''Rabdotus (Plicolumna)'' J.G. Cooper, 1895 represented as '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Pyrgus'' Albers, 1850: synonym of ''Bostryx (Geopyrgus)'' Pilsbry, 1896 represented as ''Bostryx'' Troschel, 1847 * ''Rhabdotus'' ic synonym of '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 (incorrect subsequent spelling) * ''Rhaphiellus'' L. Pfeiffer, 1856: synonym of '' Naesiotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Rimatula'' Parodiz, 1946: synonym of '' Protoglyptus'' Pilsbry, 1897 * ''Saeronia'' Dall, 1920: synonym of '' Naesiotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Semiclausaria'' L. Pfeiffer, 1856: synonym of ''

'' Albers, 1850 (junior synonym) * ''Siphalomphix'' Rafinesque, 1833: synonym of ''

'' Leach, 1814 * ''Sonorina'' Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of ''Rabdotus (Leptobyrsus)'' Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875 represented as '' Rabdotus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Spiroscutalus'' Pilsbry, 1932: synonym of '' Scutalus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Stenostoma'' Spix, 1827: synonym of '' Anctus'' E. von Martens, 1860 * ''Tatutor'' Jousseaume, 1887: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1860 * ''Teneritia'' J. Mabille, 1898: synonym of '' Spartocentrum'' Dall, 1895 * ''Tholus'' Strebel, 1909: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1860 * '' Xenothauma'' Fulton 1896: Powell, A. W. B., 1979. ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. . synonym of '' Scutalus'' Albers, 1850 * ''Zaplagius'' Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of '' Cochlorina'' Jan, 1830

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference * Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526