The ''bucium'' (, also called ''trâmbiţă'' or ''tulnic'') is a type of

alphorn The alphorn (; ; ) is a traditional lip-reed wind instrument. It consists of a very long straight wooden natural horn, with a length of , a conical bore and a wooden cup-shaped mouthpiece. Traditionally the alphorn was made in one piece from ...

from

Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...

and

Moldova Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe, with an area of and population of 2.42 million. Moldova is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. ...

. The word is derived from

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

'' bucinum'', originally meaning "curved horn", an instrument used by the

Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...

. The word is a

cognate In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language. Because language change can have radical effects on both the s ...

with English "

bugle The bugle is a simple signaling brass instrument with a wide conical bore. It normally has no valves or other pitch-altering devices, and is thus limited to its natural harmonic notes, and pitch is controlled entirely by varying the air a ...

". A bucium may have either a straight or curved tube, and may be conical throughout its entire length or only in the bell. Its tube, which measures 1.5 to over 3 meters in length, may be made from fir, ash, limetree, or hazel wood and bound with birch, cherry, or lime bark. Northern Romanian versions of the bucium may incorporate metal as well. Most versions of the bucium are played by blowing into a trumpet-shaped wooden mouthpiece. References to the bucium have appeared in Romanian literature since at least the 16th century. The bucium was traditionally used by mountain dwellers, by the military for signals, and by shepherds for communication in the forested mountains and guiding sheep and dogs. It has also been played at funerals. ''Trâmbiţa'' (from the

old Germanic Proto-Germanic (abbreviated PGmc; also called Common Germanic) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages. Proto-Germanic eventually developed from pre-Proto-Germanic into three Germanic branch ...

''trumba'', "to trumpet") produces sounds altogether different from those of the alphorn. Under the name ''

trembita The trembita (from the Proto-Germanic language, old Germanic ''trumba'', "to trumpet", in Ukrainian language, Ukrainian ''трембíта'') is a type of an alpine horn made of wood. It is common among Ukrainian highlanders Hutsuls who live in ...

'' it is also used by the Ukrainian

Hutsuls The Hutsuls (Hutsul/; ; ) are an East Slavic ethnic group spanning parts of western Ukraine and northern Romania (i.e. parts of Bukovina and Maramureș). In Ukraine, they have often been officially and administratively designated a subgro ...

and the

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken * Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin ...

Gorals The Gorals (; Goral ethnolect: ''Górole''; ; Cieszyn Silesian dialect, Cieszyn Silesian: ''Gorole''), also anglicized as the Highlanders, are an ethnographic group with historical ties to the Vlachs. The Goral people are primarily found in thei ...

References

External links

Cântece de tulnic
a
Moţii.ro

in '' Jurnalul Naţional''
"Tulnicăreasa din Târsa"
in ''Formula AS''

in ''Unirea'' {{Natural horns Romanian musical instruments Natural horns and trumpets

See also

References

External links