Bubur Ketan Hitam
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Bubur ketan hitam, bubur pulut hitam or bubur injun ( English: black sticky rice porridge) is an Indonesian sweet dessert made from black
glutinous rice Domestication syndrome refers to two sets of phenotypic traits that are common to either domesticated plants or domesticated animals. Domesticated animals tend to be smaller and less aggressive than their wild counterparts; they may also hav ...
porridge Porridge is a food made by heating, soaking or boiling ground, crushed or chopped starchy plants, typically grain, in milk or water. It is often cooked or served with added flavourings such as sugar, honey, fruit, or syrup to make a sweet cereal ...
with
coconut milk Coconut milk is a plant milk extracted from the grated pulp of mature coconuts. The opacity and rich taste of the milky-white liquid are due to its high oil content, most of which is saturated fat. Coconut milk is a traditional food ingred ...
and
palm sugar Palm sugar is a sweetener derived from any variety of palm tree. Palm sugar may be qualified by the type of palm, as in coconut palm sugar. While sugars from different palms may have slightly different compositions, all are processed simila ...
or
cane sugar Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main constituent of white sugar. It has the molecular formula . For human consumption, sucrose is extracted and refined ...
. The black glutinous rice are boiled until soft, and sugar and coconut milk are added. It is often described as "black
glutinous rice Domestication syndrome refers to two sets of phenotypic traits that are common to either domesticated plants or domesticated animals. Domesticated animals tend to be smaller and less aggressive than their wild counterparts; they may also hav ...
pudding Pudding is a type of food which can either be a dessert served after the main meal or a Savoury (dish), savoury (salty or sweet, and spicy) dish, served as part of the main meal. In the United States, ''pudding'' means a sweet, milk-based des ...
" and is very similar to black rice tong sui made from
black rice Black rice, also known as purple rice or forbidden rice, is a range of rice types of the species '' Oryza sativa'', some of which are glutinous rice. There are several varieties of black rice available today. These include Indonesian black ri ...
. It is often served as dessert or snack, for supper, for tea time, any time of the day; however, it is a popular choice for
breakfast Breakfast is the first meal of the day usually eaten in the morning. The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the previous night. Various "typical" or "traditional" breakfast menus exist, with food choices varying by regi ...
for those who prefer sweet treats instead of its savory counterpart
bubur ayam Bubur ayam ( Indonesian and Malay for "chicken congee") is a chicken congee dish served in Southeast Asia. It is rice congee with shredded chicken meat served with some condiments, such as chopped scallion, crispy fried shallot, celery, '' ton ...
.


Names

It is sometimes referred to simply as ''ketan hitam'' or ''pulut hitam'', meaning "black glutinous rice", while ''bubur'' means
porridge Porridge is a food made by heating, soaking or boiling ground, crushed or chopped starchy plants, typically grain, in milk or water. It is often cooked or served with added flavourings such as sugar, honey, fruit, or syrup to make a sweet cereal ...
in Indonesian and Malay. In most parts of
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
, glutinous rice is called ''ketan'', while in
Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...
and also
Sumatra Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...
in Indonesia, it is called ''pulut''. Slightly different names may be used in various regions of Indonesia, such as ''ketan item'' or ''ketan ireng'' in Javanese areas, and ''bubuh injin'' or ''bubuh injun'' in
Bali Bali (English:; Balinese language, Balinese: ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia and the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. East of Java and west of Lombok, the province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller o ...
. Other than porridge, black glutinous rice is also can be made into fermented delicacies called
tapai ''Tapai'' (also ''tapay'' or ''tape'') is a traditional fermented preparation of rice or other starchy foods, and is found throughout much of Southeast Asia, especially in Austronesian cultures, and parts of East Asia. It refers to both th ...
.


History

Bubur Ketan Hitam or Black sticky rice porridge is a traditional Indonesian dish with deep historical roots, dating back to the
Majapahit Majapahit (; (eastern and central dialect) or (western dialect)), also known as Wilwatikta (; ), was a Javanese people, Javanese Hinduism, Hindu-Buddhism, Buddhist thalassocracy, thalassocratic empire in Southeast Asia based on the island o ...
era (13th to 16th centuries). During the Majapahit era, dishes made from black sticky rice were commonly served in traditional ceremonies and religious rituals, as black sticky rice was considered a special ingredient and symbol of prosperity. In ancient Javanese tradition, Bubur ketan hitam was often included as part of offerings to ancestors and gods. This dish also has philosophical meanings, symbolizing fertility and gratitude to nature. Over time, black sticky rice porridge has evolved into a popular everyday dish due to its sweet and rich taste. The tradition of enjoying this dish continues to be preserved to this day.


Variants

The most basic variant of bubur ketan hitam only consists of black glutinous rice porridge sweetened with palm sugar. While coconut milk, pandan leaves and a pinch of salt might be added to give aroma. However, in most parts of Indonesia, bubur ketan hitam is always served with ''kacang hijau'' (
mung bean The mung bean or green gram (''Vigna radiata'') is a plant species in the legume family.Brief Introduction of Mung Bean. Vigna Radiata Extract Green Mung Bean Extract Powder Phaseolus aureus Roxb Vigna radiata L R Wilczek. MDidea-Extracts P ...
s), and accompanied with
bread Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cu ...
. This black glutinous rice and mung beans combo is often simply called
bubur kacang hijau Bubur kacang hijau, abbreviated burjo, is a Southeast Asian sweet porridge (''bubur'') made from mung beans (''kacang hijau''), coconut milk, and palm sugar or cane sugar. The beans are boiled till soft, and sugar and coconut milk are added. Sli ...
. Sometimes, a more fancy restaurant's variant is served with additional toppings, such as slices of baked or fried
banana A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large treelike herbaceous flowering plants in the genus '' Musa''. In some countries, cooking bananas are called plantains, distinguishing the ...
, or
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, biscuits, b ...
powder.


Gallery

File:Bubur ketan hitam.jpg, Bubur ketan hitam served with thick coconut milk and sliced baked banana. File:Bubur Pulut Hitam.jpg, Plain bubur pulut hitam without coconut milk in Malaysia. File:Bubur Kacang Hijau Ketan Hitam.JPG,
Bubur kacang hijau Bubur kacang hijau, abbreviated burjo, is a Southeast Asian sweet porridge (''bubur'') made from mung beans (''kacang hijau''), coconut milk, and palm sugar or cane sugar. The beans are boiled till soft, and sugar and coconut milk are added. Sli ...
with ketan hitam combo is common in Indonesia. File:Black rice pudding.jpg, Bubur ketan hitam with coconut milk in Bali, Indonesia. File:Black glutinous rice porridge served with ice-cream at a Hong Kong dessert shop.jpg, Black glutinous rice porridge served at a Hong Kong dessert shop


See also

*
Bubur cha cha Bubur cha cha, also spelled as bubur cha-cha or dubo jiajie, is a Betawi and Malay dessert and breakfast dish in Indonesian cuisine, Malaysian cuisine, Singaporean cuisine and Phuket cuisine (Thailand) prepared using pearled sago, sweet potato ...
* Champorado *
List of desserts A dessert is typically the sweet Course (food), course that, after the entrée and main course, concludes a meal in the culture of many countries, particularly western world, Western culture. The course usually consists of sweet foods, but may ...
*
List of porridges Porridge is a dish made by boiling ground, crushed, or chopped starchy plants (typically grains) in water, milk, or both, with optional flavorings, and is usually served hot in a bowl or dish. It may be served as a sweet or savory dish, depending ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bubur Ketan Hitam Congee Coconut desserts Indonesian Chinese cuisine Indonesian desserts Malaysian cuisine Rice pudding Street food in Indonesia