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''Bubalus'' is a
Smith described ''Bubalus'' as low in proportion to the bulk with very solid limbs, a small dewlap and a long, slender tail; the head is large with a strong convex-shaped narrow forehead, large eyes and funnel-shaped ears; horns are lying flat or bending laterally with a certain direction to the rear; the female udder has four mammae. Lydekker added that the line of back is nearly straight with 13 pairs of ribs; the tail is tufted and reaching about to the hocks; the horns are more or less markedly triangular for the greater part of their length and situated low down on the skull; the muzzle is broad, and the hair sparse in adults.
''Bubalus''
Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2013 Annual Checklist. Reading, UK. The Integrated Taxonomic Information System lists the same five species binomina as valid; it also lists as valid six subspecies of ''Bubalus bubalis'':ITI
Results of: Search in every Kingdom for Scientific Name containing 'Bubalus'
. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed january 2014. * ''Bubalus bubalis arnee'' Kerr, 1792 * ''Bubalus bubalis bubalis''
The following extinct
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of Asiatic bovines that was proposed by Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. ''Bubalus'' and '' Syncerus'' form the subtribe Bubalina, the true buffaloes.
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and classification of domestic animals as species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...
, subspecies, races or breeds has been discussed controversially for many years and was inconsistent between authors. Assessors of the Food and Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)french: link=no, Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; it, Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura is an intern ...
consider domestic water buffalo populations as breeds.
''Bubalus'' species comprise the domestic water buffalo
The water buffalo (''Bubalus bubalis''), also called the domestic water buffalo or Asian water buffalo, is a large bovid originating in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Today, it is also found in Europe, Australia, North America, S ...
(''B. bubalis''), the wild water buffalo (''B. arnee''), the tamaraw (''B. mindorensis)'', the lowland anoa (''B. depressicornis''), and the mountain anoa (''B. quarlesi''). The latter two anoa species were proposed to form a subgenus within ''Bubalus''.
Characteristics
Smith described ''Bubalus'' as low in proportion to the bulk with very solid limbs, a small dewlap and a long, slender tail; the head is large with a strong convex-shaped narrow forehead, large eyes and funnel-shaped ears; horns are lying flat or bending laterally with a certain direction to the rear; the female udder has four mammae. Lydekker added that the line of back is nearly straight with 13 pairs of ribs; the tail is tufted and reaching about to the hocks; the horns are more or less markedly triangular for the greater part of their length and situated low down on the skull; the muzzle is broad, and the hair sparse in adults.Species
This genus comprises the following living species:Valid names
The 2013 checklist of theCatalogue of Life
The Catalogue of Life is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic I ...
lists as "accepted" five species binomina in the genus ''Bubalus'':
* ''Bubalus bubalis'' Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...
, 1758
* ''Bubalus depressicornis'' Smith, 1827
* ''Bubalus mephistopheles'' Hopwood, 1925
* ''Bubalus mindorensis'' Heude, 1888
* ''Bubalus quarlesi'' Ouwens, 1910
''Bubalus arnee'' is not listed here.Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds (2013)''Bubalus''
Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2013 Annual Checklist. Reading, UK. The Integrated Taxonomic Information System lists the same five species binomina as valid; it also lists as valid six subspecies of ''Bubalus bubalis'':ITI
Results of: Search in every Kingdom for Scientific Name containing 'Bubalus'
. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed january 2014. * ''Bubalus bubalis arnee'' Kerr, 1792 * ''Bubalus bubalis bubalis''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...
, 1758
* ''Bubalus bubalis fulvus'' Blanford, 1891
* ''Bubalus bubalis kerabau'' Fitzinger, 1860
* ''Bubalus bubalis migona'' Deraniyagala, 1952
* ''Bubalus bubalis theerapati'' Groves, 1996
Fossil species
The following extinct fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
species have been described:
*'' Bubalus brevicornis'' - Young, 1936
*'' Bubalus cebuensis'' (Cebu tamaraw) - Croft, Heaney, Flynn and Bautista, 2006
*'' Bubalus fudi'' - Guo, 2008 - (possibly a subspecies of ''Bubalus wansijocki'')
*'' Bubalus grovesi'' - Rozzi, 2017
*'' Bubalus mephistopheles'' (Short-horned water buffalo) - Hopwood, 1925
*'' Bubalus murrensis'' (European water buffalo) - Berckhemer, 1927
*'' Bubalus palaeokerabau'' (Long-horned Javan water buffalo) - E. Dubois, 1908
*''Bubalus platyceros
''Bubalus'' is a genus of Asiatic bovines that was proposed by Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. ''Bubalus'' and ''Syncerus'' form the subtribe Bubalina, the true buffaloes.
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and classification of d ...
'' - Lydekker, 1877
*''Bubalus teilhardi
''Bubalus'' is a genus of Asiatic bovines that was proposed by Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. ''Bubalus'' and ''Syncerus'' form the subtribe Bubalina, the true buffaloes.
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and classification of d ...
'' - Young, 1932
*''Bubalus wansijocki
''Bubalus wansijocki'' (sometimes misspelled ''Bubalus wansjocki'') is an extinct species of water buffalo known from northern China during the Late Pleistocene.
A 2014 study on extinct Chinese buffalo species indicates that the related ''Bubalus ...
'' - Chardin, 1928
*''Bubalus youngi
''Bubalus'' is a genus of Asiatic bovines that was proposed by Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. ''Bubalus'' and ''Syncerus'' form the subtribe Bubalina, the true buffaloes.
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and classification of d ...
'' - Chow and Hsu, 1957
See also
* List of water buffalo breedsReferences
{{Use British English Oxford spelling, date=June 2018 Bovines Herbivorous mammals Mammal genera Taxa named by Charles Hamilton Smith