Brunswick News Inc. (BNI) was a Canadian newspaper publishing company based on
Bloor Street
Bloor Street is an east–west arterial road in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Bloor Street runs from the Prince Edward Viaduct, which spans the Don River (Ontario), Don River Valley, westward into Mississauga where it ends at Central Parkway. East ...
in Toronto. Once privately owned by
James K. Irving and based in
Saint John, New Brunswick
Saint John () is a port#seaport, seaport city located on the Bay of Fundy in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. It is Canada's oldest Municipal corporation, incorporated city, established by royal charter on May 18, 1785, during the reign ...
, it was sold to
Postmedia Network
Postmedia Network Canada Corp. (also known as Postmedia Network, Postmedia News or Postmedia) is an American-owned Canadian-based media conglomerate consisting of the publishing properties of the former Canwest, with primary operations in En ...
in 2022.
BNI was incorporated in December 1998, absorbing Summit Publishing and New Brunswick Publishing Ltd., two newspaper publishing companies already owned by members of New Brunswick's Irving family. The two companies controlled all the daily newspapers in New Brunswick's three major cities. Brunswick News Inc. was created as subsidiary of Otter Brook Holdings, which had been incorporated in 1997.
Corporate history and ownership
1936 to 1968
In 1936 the New Brunswick industrialist
K. C. Irving purchased the Saint John weekly ''Maritime Broadcaster'', which he used as the basis to start a daily newspaper, the ''Citizen''. After three years he sold the paper to Howard P. Robinson, the owner of the New Brunswick Publishing Co. Ltd. Robinson closed the ''Citizen'' and employed some of its staff on his two Saint John daily papers, the ''
Telegraph-Journal
The ''Telegraph-Journal'' is a daily newspaper published in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, owned by Postmedia Network. It serves as both a provincial daily and as a local newspaper for Saint John. The ''Telegraph-Journal'' is the only New ...
'' and the ''Evening Times-Globe''. In 1944 Robinson sold his New Brunswick Publishing company to Irving. As well as the two newspapers, Irving acquired a radio station by this purchase. In 1948 Irving bought the two daily newspapers in Moncton, the ''Times'' and the ''Transcript''.
In May 1968 Irving bought the Fredericton ''
Daily Gleaner'' from
Michael Wardell. With this purchase Irving became the owner of all five daily newspapers published in New Brunswick. The sale of the ''Gleaner'' was not made public by either party, and was only revealed by Senator
Charles McElman in a speech on the floor of the
Canadian Senate in March 1969.
1969 to 1998
McElman's revelation prompted hearings by the Special Senate Committee on the Mass Media, chaired by Senator
Keith Davey. Its mandate was to look at "problems surrounding media concentration, particularly in print media ownership.
K. C. Irving testified in December 1969 about his newspaper and other media holdings. At that time he owned 25% of K.C. Irving Ltd., while members of his family owned the remaining 75%. A subsidiary company, New Brunswick Publishing Ltd., owned the two Saint John newspapers, the ''
Telegraph-Journal
The ''Telegraph-Journal'' is a daily newspaper published in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, owned by Postmedia Network. It serves as both a provincial daily and as a local newspaper for Saint John. The ''Telegraph-Journal'' is the only New ...
'' and the ''Evening Times Globe''. New Brunswick Publishing Ltd. in turn had subsidiaries, one of which was Moncton Publishing, which published the two
Moncton
Moncton (; ) is the most populous city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of New Brunswick. Situated in the Petitcodiac River Valley, Moncton lies at the geographic centre of the The Maritimes, Maritime Provinces. Th ...
papers, the ''Times'' and the ''Transcript''. Another subsidiary owned the Saint John radio station
CHSJ. K.C. Irving Ltd. had also recently acquired control of the University Press of New Brunswick, which owned Fredericton's ''
Daily Gleaner'' newspaper.
In 1971 K.C. Irving Ltd. was charged under the
Combines Investigation Act because it owned all five of New Brunswick's English language daily newspapers. In R. v. K.C. Irving Ltd., Moncton Publishing Co., New Brunswick Publishing Co. and University Press of New Brunswick Ltd., the four companies were charged with "running a de facto monopoly".
In 1972, before the case went to trial, K.C. Irving moved to
Bermuda
Bermuda is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. The closest land outside the territory is in the American state of North Carolina, about to the west-northwest.
Bermuda is an ...
and the newspaper and radio holdings were divided among his three sons.
Jack, the youngest son, became sole owner of the Moncton and Fredericton papers, while
James K. and
Arthur
Arthur is a masculine given name of uncertain etymology. Its popularity derives from it being the name of the legendary hero King Arthur.
A common spelling variant used in many Slavic, Romance, and Germanic languages is Artur. In Spanish and Ital ...
each acquired 40% of New Brunswick Publishing, which published the two Saint John papers. K.C. Irving Ltd. kept a 20% stake in New Brunswick Publishing.
The trial judge ruled that the Irving family did have too much control of the New Brunswick media, and that the Moncton papers should be sold. He also ordered K.C. Irving Ltd. to pay a fine of $150,000. However, the ruling was overturned, first by the
Court of Appeal of New Brunswick and then by the
Supreme Court of Canada
The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC; , ) is the highest court in the judicial system of Canada. It comprises nine justices, whose decisions are the ultimate application of Canadian law, and grants permission to between 40 and 75 litigants eac ...
, on the ground that "public detriment" as a result of the monopoly had not been established "beyond a reasonable doubt".
Brunswick News Inc. was incorporated in December 1998 as a subsidiary of Otter Brook Holdings, which had been incorporated the previous year.
Brunswick News absorbed New Brunswick Publishing Ltd., which owned the two Saint John dailies, and Summit Publishing, owner of both the Fredericton and Moncton papers. The two Moncton dailies had merged in 1983 to form the ''
Times & Transcript'', so Brunswick News owned a total of four daily newspapers. Brunswick News also owned
Acadia Broadcasting
Acadia Broadcasting Limited is a Canadian radio broadcasting Broadcast network, network that operates 5 FM broadcasting, FM radio Radio broadcasting, stations in Northwestern Ontario and 10 in the Atlantic Canada, Atlantic Canadian provinces of New ...
, CHSJ's parent company. After restructuring the three Irving brothers held equal shares in the company and Jack Irving's son John was named president of Brunswick News Inc.
21st century
In the 21st century Brunswick News expanded by buying weekly and
community newspapers in both French and English. By 2004 it owned 12 weeklies, 6 English and 6 French, and had purchased an
alternative weekly
An alternative newspaper is a type of newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of stylized reporting, opinionated reviews and columns, investigations into edgy topics and magazine-style feature stories highlighting ...
distributed in Moncton, Fredericton, and Saint John. Meanwhile, the Saint John evening paper, the ''Times-Globe'', had been closed in 2001.
The company was restructured in 2005 with the transfer of Acadia Broadcasting from BNI to Jack Irving and the departure of Jack's son John, who had been BNI's president. He became head of Acadia Broadcasting. Also in 2005, Otter Brook Holdings, BNI's parent company, removed two of the Irving brothers, Jack and Arthur, and their sons, from its list of directors, leaving only James K. and his two sons Jim and Robert as owners of Brunswick News.
Jamie Irving, the son of Jim and grandson of James K., had worked at the ''Telegraph Journal'' as a summer student while in university, and studied journalism at
Carleton University
Carleton University is an English-language public university, public research university in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1942 as Carleton College, the institution originally operated as a private, non-denominational evening college to se ...
and the
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism
The Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is located in Pulitzer Hall on the university's Morningside Heights campus in New York City. Founded in 1912 by Joseph Pulitzer, Columbia Journalism School is one of the oldest journalism sch ...
. In 2002 Jamie Irving became publisher of the ''
Kings County Record'', a weekly newspaper in which BNI had acquired a minority stake. He was later made responsible for all the weeklies. In November 2004 he was named publisher of the ''Telegraph Journal''.
In 2009 he became vice-president of Brunswick News.
In 2017 BNI began delivering packages for
Amazon
Amazon most often refers to:
* Amazon River, in South America
* Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin
* Amazon (company), an American multinational technology company
* Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek myth ...
in an expansion of its existing newspaper and flyer delivery network.
In January 2022, BNI announced that it would no longer publish Monday editions of its three daily newspapers.
Sale to Postmedia
On February 17, 2022,
Postmedia announced its intent to acquire Brunswick News for $7.5 million in cash and $8.6 million in
voting shares of Postmedia stock, valued at $2.10 per-share.
BNI's co-CEO Jim Irving stated that the sale marked J. D. Irving's "exit from the media business".
The acquisition was completed on March 25, 2022.
On February 7, 2023, in line with similar cuts in other markets, Postmedia announced that the former BNI dailies would further reduce publication to Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays only beginning March 7, 2023.
Newspapers
Brunswick News employed more than 600 people and operates nearly all of the major print publications in New Brunswick, including three daily newspapers and several French and English language weeklies throughout the province.
Brunswick News operated the following newspapers:
Daily
* ''
Telegraph-Journal
The ''Telegraph-Journal'' is a daily newspaper published in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, owned by Postmedia Network. It serves as both a provincial daily and as a local newspaper for Saint John. The ''Telegraph-Journal'' is the only New ...
'' (
Saint John; distributed throughout the province)
* ''
Times & Transcript'' (
Moncton
Moncton (; ) is the most populous city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of New Brunswick. Situated in the Petitcodiac River Valley, Moncton lies at the geographic centre of the The Maritimes, Maritime Provinces. Th ...
)
* ''
The Daily Gleaner'' (
Fredericton
Fredericton (; ) is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of New Brunswick. The city is situated in the west-central portion of the province along the Saint John River (Bay of Fundy), Saint John River, ...
)
Weekly
Brunswick News owns 14 English-language weeklies (6 paid subscription, 5 free) and 7 French-language weeklies (4 paid subscription, 3 free).
* The ''Tribune'' (English language) (
Campbellton and
Restigouche County)
* ''La Voix du Restigouche'' (French Language) (
Campbellton and
Restigouche County)
* The ''
Bugle-Observer'' (
Woodstock)
* ''Le Journal Madawaska'' (French Language) (
Edmundston
Edmundston () is a city in Madawaska County, New Brunswick, Canada. Established in 1850, it had a population of 16,437 as of 2021.
On January 1, 2023, Edmundston amalgamated with the village of Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick, Rivière-Verte and ...
)
* ''L'Étoile (French Language)''
** Édition provinciale
** Édition La Cataracte (
Grand Falls)
** Édition Chaleur (Chaleur region)
** Édition Dieppe (
Dieppe
Dieppe (; ; or Old Norse ) is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.
Dieppe is a seaport on the English Channel at the mouth of the river Arques. A regular ferry service runs to Newhaven in England ...
)
** Édition Kent (
Kent
Kent is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South East England. It is bordered by Essex across the Thames Estuary to the north, the Strait of Dover to the south-east, East Sussex to the south-west, Surrey to the west, and Gr ...
)
** Édition Péninsule (Acadian Peninsula area)
** Édition République (Edmundston)
** Édition Restigouche (Restigouche)
** Édition Shédiac (
Shediac)
* ''
Kings County Record'' (English language) (Sussex, Kings County area)
* ''Miramichi Leader'' (English language) (
Miramichi) (Three times a week)
* ''The Northern Light'' (English language) (Bathurst)
* Here (English language urban alternative weekly distributed to Saint John, Moncton and Fredericton)
* KV Style (
Kennebecasis Valley
The Kennebecasis Valley, also known as simply Kennebecasis ( ), its abbreviated term
KV, as well as "The Valley," is a region of Greater Saint John. Situated along the Kennebecasis River, it encompasses the bedroom communities of Quispamsis an ...
)
Criticism
Brunswick News faced scrutiny due to its
concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: '' mass concentration'', '' molar concentration'', '' number concentration'', ...
of the print media market in New Brunswick. As part of the
Irving Group of Companies, Brunswick News faced accusations that its papers were reluctant to publish stories critical of the Irving Group.
The Irving media concentration in New Brunswick was investigated by the 1969 Special Senate Committee on the Mass Media (the Davey Commission) and the
Kent commission (1981) during an era before extensive media concentration took place across Canada in the 1990s; at that time, the Irving concentration in New Brunswick was considered unique in the country's media landscape. The Kent Commission recommended (in section 2.a) the creation of new legislation that would "require the break-up of regional monopolies, such as that of the Irving family in New Brunswick, by prohibiting the ownership of two or more newspapers having 75% or more of the circulation, in one language, in a defined geographical area".
A 2006
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
report on media ownership in Canada also singled out New Brunswick because of the Irving companies' ownership of all English-language daily newspapers in the province. Senator
Joan Fraser, co-author of the Standing Committee on Transport and Communications ''Final report on the Canadian News Media'' stated, "We didn't find anywhere else in the developed world a situation like the situation in New Brunswick."
The report went further, stating that "the Irvings' corporate interests form an industrial-media complex that dominates the province" to a degree "unique in developed countries." At the Senate hearing, journalists and academics cited Irving newspapers' lack of critical reporting on the family's influential businesses.
In June 2019, BNI ended its freelance contract with political cartoonist
Michael de Adder following his publication of a cartoon depicting U.S. president
Donald Trump
Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he served as the 45 ...
encountering the dead bodies of two migrants on a golf course; de Adder told the CBC that Trump was one of the only "taboo" subjects at BNI. The company claimed that the decision was unrelated to the cartoon, as they had already negotiated to replace de Adder with Greg Perry—who the company described as a "reader favourite"—prior to the publication. Following the statement, Perry also cut his ties with BNI, stating that BNI's promotion of himself as a "reader favourite" had led to further reader backlash against him.
Support of journalism studies
In 2005, with a donation of $2 million, Brunswick News Inc. endowed two chairs of journalism in New Brunswick: the Irving Chair in Journalism at
St. Thomas University in Fredericton and the
Roméo LeBlanc
Roméo-Adrien LeBlanc (December 18, 1928June 24, 2009) was a Canadian journalist and politician who served as the 25th governor general of Canada from 1995 to 1999.
LeBlanc was born and educated in New Brunswick, and also studied in France prior ...
Chair in Journalism at
Université de Moncton
The Université de Moncton is a Canadian French-language university in New Brunswick. It includes campuses in Edmundston, Moncton, and Shippagan.
The university was founded in 1963 following the recommendations of the royal commission on hig ...
.
In 2016 the Moncton chair was replaced by the Roméo LeBlanc Scholarship Fund
for the Advancement of Excellence in Journalism, which provides $15,000 annually to a journalism student in his or her third and fourth years.
References
{{Coord, 46.087713, N, 64.782053, W, format=dms, region:CA-NB_type:landmark, display=title
Irving Group of Companies
Newspaper companies of Canada
Companies based in Saint John, New Brunswick
Canadian companies established in 1998
1998 establishments in New Brunswick
Canadian companies disestablished in 2022
2022 disestablishments in New Brunswick
Defunct mass media in New Brunswick