''Bruguiera'' is a plant genus in the family

Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera.Setoguchi, H., Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. (1999). Molecular Phylogeny of Rhizophoraceae Based on rbcL Gene Sequences. ...

. It is a small genus of five

mangrove A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline water, saline or brackish water. Mangroves grow in an equatorial climate, typically along coastlines and tidal rivers. They have particular adaptations to take in extra oxygen a ...

species and three hybrids of the

Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Associated with India * of or related to India ** Indian people ** Indian diaspora ** Languages of India ** Indian English, a dialect of the English language ** Indian cuisine Associated with indigenous peoples o ...

and west

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...

region, its range extending from

East Africa East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the Africa, African continent, distinguished by its unique geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the regi ...

and

Madagascar Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...

through

coastal India Coastal India is a geo-cultural region in the Indian subcontinent that spans the entire coastline of India. In 2024, the Indian total coastline was estimated to be 11,098 km. Earlier in 1970, the National Hydrographic Office and Survey ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

and

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

to northern

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

Melanesia Melanesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It extends from New Guinea in the west to the Fiji Islands in the east, and includes the Arafura Sea. The region includes the four independent countries of Fiji, Vanu ...

and

Polynesia Polynesia ( , ) is a subregion of Oceania, made up of more than 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean. The indigenous people who inhabit the islands of Polynesia are called Polynesians. They have many things in ...

. It is characterised by calyces with 8-16 lanceolate, pointed lobes, 16-32

stamen The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament ...

s, explosive release of

pollen Pollen is a powdery substance produced by most types of flowers of seed plants for the purpose of sexual reproduction. It consists of pollen grains (highly reduced Gametophyte#Heterospory, microgametophytes), which produce male gametes (sperm ...

, and

viviparous In animals, viviparity is development of the embryo inside the body of the mother, with the maternal circulation providing for the metabolic needs of the embryo's development, until the mother gives birth to a fully or partially developed juve ...

propagule In biology, a propagule is any material that functions in propagating an organism to the next stage in its life cycle, such as by dispersal. The propagule is usually distinct in form from the parent organism. Propagules are produced by organisms ...

s. It is named in honour of French explorer and biologist

Jean Guillaume Bruguière Jean Guillaume Bruguière (19 July 1749 – 3 October 1798) was a French physician, zoologist and diplomat. Biography Bruguière was born in Montpellier, France, on 19 July 1749.Comptes rendus du Congrès national des sociétés savantes: Se ...

(1750–1798). Recently, the eighth taxa of Bruguiera, ''B. × dungarra'' (a previously undescribed hybrid species between '' B. exaristata'' and '' B. gymnorhiza'') was recognised as occurring in northern Australia.

List of species

Five species are accepted. * ''

Bruguiera cylindrica ''Bruguiera cylindrica'' is a small tree in the mangrove family Rhizophoraceae, native to tropical Asia and Australia. It was first described in 1827 and has the conservation status of least concern. Description ''Bruguiera cylindrica'' is a sm ...

'' (L.) Blume * ''

Bruguiera exaristata ''Bruguiera exaristata'', commonly known as the rib-fruited mangrove or rib-fruited orange mangrove, is a mangrove of the family Rhizophoraceae. The species is pollinated by birds. The species also contains tropine esters of acetic, benzoic, n ...

'' Ding Hou * ''

Bruguiera gymnorhiza ''Bruguiera gymnorhiza'', the large-leafed orange mangrove or oriental mangrove,) is a mangrove tree that grows usually to high, but sometimes up to 35m, that belongs to the family Rhizophoraceae. It is found on the seaward side of mangrove swa ...

'' (L.) Lam. * ''

Bruguiera parviflora ''Bruguiera parviflora'' is a tree in the family Rhizophoraceae. The specific epithet ' is from the Latin meaning 'small flowers'. Description ''Bruguiera parviflora'' grows up to tall with a trunk diameter of up to . The bark is pale grey to p ...

'' (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ex Griff. * ''

Bruguiera sexangula ''Bruguiera sexangula'', commonly called the upriver orange mangrove, is a mangrove shrub or tree usually growing up to 15 m, occasionally 30 m, in height. Description ''Bruguiera sexangula'' may grow as a single-stemmed tree or multi- ...

'' (Lour.) Poir.

Hybrids

* '' Bruiguiera × dungarra'' (''B. exaristata'' × ''B. gymnorhiza'') * '' Bruguiera hainesii'' C.G.Rogers (''B. gymnorhiza'' × ''B. cylindrica'') * '' Bruguiera × rhynchopetala'' (W.C.Ko) N.C.Duke & X.J.Ge (''B. gymnorhiza'' × ''B. sexangula'')

Formerly placed here

* ''Bruguiera arnottiana'' Wight ex Arn. synonym of ''

Ceriops tagal ''Ceriops tagal'', commonly known as spurred mangrove or Indian mangrove, is a mangrove tree species in the family Rhizophoraceae. It is a protected tree in South Africa. The specific epithet ' is a plant name from the Tagalog language. Descrip ...

'' (Perr.) C.B.Rob. * ''Bruguiera candel'' Steud. synonym of ''

Kandelia candel ''Kandelia candel'' is a species of mangrove in the family Rhizophoraceae, found around the coasts of South Asia and Southeast Asia, from western India to Borneo. Populations further east, from Vietnam to Japan were formerly included in ''K.&nbs ...

'' Wight & Arn. * ''Bruguiera decandra'' Griff. synonym of ''

Ceriops decandra ''Ceriops decandra'' is a mangrove plant of tropical Asia in the family Rhizophoraceae. The specific epithet ' is from the Greek meaning 'ten male', referring to the flower having ten stamens. Description ''Ceriops decandra'' grows as a shrub or ...

'' (Griff.) W.Theob. * ''Bruguiera decangulata'' Griff. synonym of ''

Rhizophora mangle ''Rhizophora mangle'', also known as the red mangrove, is a salt-tolerant, small-to-medium sized evergreen tree restricted to coastal, estuarine ecosystems along the southern portions of North America, the Caribbean as well as Central America ...

'' L. * ''Bruguiera timoriensis'' Wight & Arn. synonym of ''

'' (Perr.) C.B.Rob. * ''Bruguiera littorea'' Steud. synonym of '' Lumnitzera littorea'' (Jack) Voigt * ''Bruguiera madagascariensis'' DC. synonym of ''Lumnitzera racemosa'' var. ''racemosa'' * ''Bruguiera nemorosa'' Blanco synonym of ''

Carallia brachiata ''Carallia brachiata'' is a large tree in the family Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera.Setoguchi, H., Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. (1999 ...

'' * ''Bruguiera obtusa'' Steud. synonym of ''Lumnitzera racemosa'' var. ''racemosa''

References

External links

Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (large-leafed mangrove)
* {{Taxonbar, from=Q2534002 Malpighiales genera Mangroves

List of species

Hybrids

Formerly placed here

See also

References

External links