A brougham is a 19th century four-wheeled
carriage
A carriage is a two- or four-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle for passengers. In Europe they were a common mode of transport for the wealthy during the Roman Empire, and then again from around 1600 until they were replaced by the motor car around 1 ...
drawn by a single horse. It was named after the politician and jurist
Lord Brougham
Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, (; 19 September 1778 – 7 May 1868) was a British statesman who became Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain and played a prominent role in passing the Reform Act 1832 and Slavery ...
, who had this type of carriage built to his specification by London coachbuilder Robinson & Cook in 1838.
Description
The brougham has an enclosed body with two doors and sits two passengers; there are two
fold-away seats in the front corners for small children. It has a box seat in front for a
coachman
A coachman is a person who drives a Coach (carriage), coach or carriage, or similar horse-drawn vehicle. A coachman has also been called a coachee, coachy, whip, or hackman.
The coachman's first concern is to remain in full control of the hors ...
plus one
footman
A footman is a male domestic worker employed mainly to wait at table or attend a coach or carriage.
Etymology
Originally in the 14th century a footman denoted a soldier or any pedestrian, later it indicated a foot servant. A running footman deli ...
or passenger. The carriage body has a front window so that the passengers can see forward. The carriage is mounted on elliptical springs with small front wheels which can go under the carriage to turn sharply.
Features specific to the brougham include:
* the absence of a perch (a supporting pole connecting the front and rear axles); the spring hangers were mounted directly to the body structure, saving weight and lowering the floor, to ease entry
* a sharply squared end of the roof at the back,
* a body line curving forward at the base of the enclosure, and
* low entry to the enclosure, using only one outside step below the door.
A brougham-landaulet is a variation with a collapsible top, rearward of the doors.
See also
*
Coupé (carriage) A coupé was a four-wheeled carriage with outside front seat for the driver and enclosed passenger seats for two persons. The name ''coupé'' comes from the French past participle of ''couper'', "cut".
The coupé carriage body style originated f ...
: any type of four-wheeled coach where two passengers sit on a forward-facing bench
*
Brougham (car body)
A brougham () was originally a car body style where the driver sat outside and passengers seated within an enclosed cabin, — deriving the configuration from the earlier brougham (carriage), ''brougham'' horse-drawn carriage. Similar in style ...
, inspired by the brougham carriage
*
Clarence (carriage), larger version of the Brougham
*
Carriage
A carriage is a two- or four-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle for passengers. In Europe they were a common mode of transport for the wealthy during the Roman Empire, and then again from around 1600 until they were replaced by the motor car around 1 ...
*
Horse-drawn vehicle
A horse-drawn vehicle is a piece of equipment pulled by one or more horses. These vehicles typically have two or four wheels and were used to carry passengers or a load. They were once common worldwide, but they have mostly been replaced by auto ...
Notes
References
External links
1871 Advertisement for William Kilross & Sons and Kinross BroughamIllustrations and text
CAAOnline: Carriage TourCarriage Association of America
The Carriage Association of America (CAA) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the history and traditions of carriage driving, and the preservation and restoration of horse-drawn carriages and sleighs. It is headquartered at the Kentucky Ho ...
. Illustration and text
Horse Drawn Brougham, The Henry Ford Henry Ford Museum
The Henry Ford (also known as the Henry Ford Museum of American Innovation and Greenfield Village, and as the Edison Institute) is a history museum complex in Dearborn, Michigan, United States, within Metro Detroit. The museum collection contai ...
,
Dearborn, Michigan
Dearborn is a city in Wayne County, Michigan, Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring Metro Detroit, suburb of Detroit, Dearborn borders Detroit to the south and west, roughly west of downtown Detroit. In the 2020 United States ...
. Photo and text.
The Long Island Museum of American Art, History & Carriages Stony Brook, New York
Stony Brook is a political subdivisions of New York#Hamlet, hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Administrative divisions of New York#Town, Town of Brookhaven, New York, Brookhaven in Suffolk County, New York, United States, on the No ...
: Collection Database. Search ''brougham''; illustrations and text.
{{Horse-drawn carriages, state=expanded
Carriages