Brestovik
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Brestovik (
Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...
Cyrillic The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Ea ...
: Брестовик) is a
suburban settlement A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area. They are oftentimes where most of a metropolitan areas jobs are located with some being predominantly residential. They can either be denser or less densely populated ...
of
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
, the capital of
Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
. It is located in the municipality of
Grocka Grocka ( sr-cyr, Гроцка, ) or Grocka na Dunavu ( sr-cyr, Гроцка на Дунаву, ) is a Subdivisions of Belgrade, municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has 82,810 inhabitants. L ...
.


Location

Brestovik is located in the eastern part of the municipality, on the border of the municipality of Grocka (and the City of Belgrade) and municipality of
Smederevo Smederevo ( sr-Cyrl, Смедерево, ) is a list of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the Podunavlje District in eastern Serbia. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube, about downstream of the Serbian capital, ...
(and the
Podunavlje District The Podunavlje District (, ) is one of nine administrative districts of Southern and Eastern Serbia. The district's name refers to its location by—specifically, to the south of—the Danube river. It expands across the central parts of Serbia. ...
). It is 6 km east of the municipal seat of
Grocka Grocka ( sr-cyr, Гроцка, ) or Grocka na Dunavu ( sr-cyr, Гроцка на Дунаву, ) is a Subdivisions of Belgrade, municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has 82,810 inhabitants. L ...
and almost 40 km east of Belgrade. It is located on the southern bank of the
Danube The Danube ( ; see also #Names and etymology, other names) is the List of rivers of Europe#Longest rivers, second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through Central and Southeastern Europe, from the Black Forest sou ...
.


Population

Brestovik is a small, depopulating village (population of 1,129 in 1991 and 1,076 in 2002), on the road of ''Smederevski put'' which connects Belgrade and Smederevo. As the village and the vast weekend-settlement in the eastern part of Grocka developed, Brestovik now forms a single built-up area with Grocka, and generally, through the string of villages on the ''Smederevski put'', one urban built-up area (almost 80,000 inhabitants) forms from Grocka to Smederevo (as Smederevo is twice as closer to Grocka than
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
).


Characteristics

One section of the road separates at Brestovik and connects it to the Belgrade-
Niš Niš (; sr-Cyrl, Ниш, ; names of European cities in different languages (M–P)#N, names in other languages), less often spelled in English as Nish, is the list of cities in Serbia, third largest city in Serbia and the administrative cente ...
highway A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It includes not just major roads, but also other public roads and rights of way. In the United States, it is also used as an equivalent term to controlled-access highway, or ...
to the south. The Geomagnetic observatory was built in the village in 1957, the first of that kind in former
Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...
. The name of the village is descriptive, meaning ''elm forest''. In Ottoman period, group of settlers crossed the Danube and established a new village named Banatski Brestovac, further from the left bank of the Danube.


Archaeology

The municipality of Grocka is the richest in archaeological localities of all Belgrade municipalities, but they are also among the least explored. In Brestovik itself, there are three localities: "Podunavlje-Hladna Voda-Vrtlog-Mikulje" Localities Complex (under preliminary protection), "Beli Breg" and "Goli Breg" (artifacts from Goli Breg are being kept in the National Museum in Belgrade and Museum of the city of Belgrade.


Roman Tomb in Brestovik

It is location of the Roman tomb in Brestovik, an ancient tomb, dating from c. 300, which was discovered in 1895. Though evidence points to the tomb of a wealthy local, popular belief is that the "martyrs of
Singidunum Singidunum ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Сингидунум, Singidunum) was an ancient city which later evolved into modern Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. The name is of Celtic origin, going back to the time when the Celtic tribe Scordisci settled the a ...
", Hermylus and Stratonicus, were buried inside. As one of the most important monuments from the Late Roman period in Belgrade and Serbia, the tomb is protected since 1948.


Stones of Brestovik

For years, three monumental rectangular stones were standing at the village's bus stop. The local population believes that some of the inhabitants discovered them while working in the field and dragged them to the bus stop, but no one remembers who or when. People used them as benches, for sitting and resting feet while waiting for the bus. As one of the stones was moved, the local Cultural Center was notified as the stones were perceived as a potential archaeological finds. The transportation of the stones was organized in August 2017. It turned out that a crane which lifts was needed to lift them. They were transported into the yard of the Rančić Family house in Grocka, itself a
cultural monument A national heritage site is a heritage site having a value that has been registered by a governmental agency as being of national importance to the cultural heritage or history of that country. Usually such sites are listed in a heritage registe ...
since 1966, where they will be safer, properly protected and accessible for the further studies. Preliminary examination showed that the stones are indeed archaeological artifacts. Based on their size, details and robust frame, it is believed that they were part of some monumental construction from the
Roman Antiquity In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdo ...
period. Reliefs, or the "stone plastics", are still visible and they form a singular pattern on all three stones. That points to the conclusion that they are either segments of a sacral architecture, but more likely of a large public building, most certainly built before the 4th century, from the period of the golden age of the nearby
Singidunum Singidunum ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Сингидунум, Singidunum) was an ancient city which later evolved into modern Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. The name is of Celtic origin, going back to the time when the Celtic tribe Scordisci settled the a ...
, modern Belgrade.


References

Suburbs of Belgrade Šumadija {{BelgradeRS-geo-stub