Branchial may refer to:
*
Branchial apparatus
The pharyngeal apparatus is an embryological structure.
It consists of:
* pharyngeal grooves (from ectoderm)
* pharyngeal arches (from mesoderm)
* pharyngeal pouch (embryology), pharyngeal pouches (from endoderm)
and related membranes.
References ...
, an embryological structure.
*
Branchial arch
Branchial arches or gill arches are a series of paired bony/ cartilaginous "loops" behind the throat ( pharyngeal cavity) of fish, which support the fish gills. As chordates, all vertebrate embryos develop pharyngeal arches, though the eve ...
a series of bony "loops" present in fish, which support the gills.
*
Branchial artery Branchial may refer to:
* Branchial apparatus, an embryological structure.
* Branchial arch a series of bony "loops" present in fish, which support the gills.
* Branchial artery, also known as aortic arches.
* Branchial cleft
* Branchial cleft cy ...
, also known as aortic arches.
*
Branchial cleft
A pharyngeal groove (or branchial groove, or pharyngeal cleft) is made up of ectoderm unlike its counterpart the pharyngeal pouch on the endodermal side.
The first pharyngeal groove produces the external auditory meatus (ear canal). The rest (2, ...
*
Branchial cleft cyst
A branchial cleft cyst or simply branchial cyst is a cyst as a swelling in the upper part of neck anterior to sternocleidomastoid. It can, but does not necessarily, have an opening to the skin surface, called a fistula. The cause is usually a devel ...
, failure of obliteration of the second branchial cleft in embryonic development.
*
Branchial efferent
Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) are the efferent nerve fibers that provide motor innervation to the muscles of the pharyngeal arches in humans, and the branchial arches in fish.
Some sources prefer the term "branchiomotor" or "branchial eff ...
, also known as special visceral efferent.
*
Branchial heart
Branchial hearts are accessory pumps that supplement the action of the systemic heart in a cephalopod's body. They are myogenic in nature. Branchial hearts are always in pairs located at the base of the gills. Each branchial heart consists of a ...
*
Branchial membrane
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressur ...
*
Branchial plexus
The brachial plexus is a network of nerves (nerve plexus) formed by the anterior rami of the lower four cervical nerves and first thoracic nerve ( C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1). This plexus extends from the spinal cord, through the cervicoaxillary ...
*
Branchial pouches Branchial may refer to:
* Branchial apparatus, an embryological structure.
* Branchial arch a series of bony "loops" present in fish, which support the gills.
* Branchial artery, also known as aortic arches.
* Branchial cleft
* Branchial cleft cy ...
, also known as pharyngeal pouches.
*
First and second branchial arch syndrome
Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a congenital disorder that affects the development of the lower half of the face, most commonly the ears, the mouth and the mandible. It usually occurs on one side of the face, but both sides are sometimes affected. ...
, also known as hemifacial microsomia.
*
Ultimo-branchial bodies, also known as ultimopharyngeal body.
{{disambig