botanical garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...

is a place where

plant Plants are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all curr ...

s, especially

fern A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except ...

conifer Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All ex ...

s and

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...

s, are grown and displayed for the purposes of

research Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness t ...

, conservation, and

education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty. ...

. This distinguishes them from parks and pleasure gardens where plants, usually with showy flowers, are grown for public amenity only.

Botanical garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...

s that specialize in trees are sometimes referred to as

arboretum An arboretum (plural: arboreta) in a general sense is a botanical collection composed exclusively of trees of a variety of species. Originally mostly created as a section in a larger garden or park for specimens of mostly non-local species, m ...

s. They are occasionally associated with

zoo A zoo (short for zoological garden; also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are kept within enclosures for public exhibition and often bred for conservation purposes. The term ''zoological garden'' refers to zoo ...

s. The earliest botanical gardens were founded in the late

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass id ...

at the

University of Pisa The University of Pisa ( it, Università di Pisa, UniPi), officially founded in 1343, is one of the oldest universities in Europe. History The Origins The University of Pisa was officially founded in 1343, although various scholars place ...

(1543) and the

University of Padua The University of Padua ( it, Università degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) is an Italian university located in the city of Padua, region of Veneto, northern Italy. The University of Padua was founded in 1222 by a group of students and teachers from ...

(1545) in Italy, for the study and teaching of medical botany. Many universities today have botanical gardens for student teaching and academic research, e.g. the

Arnold Arboretum The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University is a botanical research institution and free public park, located in the Jamaica Plain and Roslindale neighborhoods of Boston, Massachusetts. Established in 1872, it is the oldest public arboretum in ...

, Harvard University, US, the

Bonn University The Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn (german: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn) is a public research university located in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded in its present form as the ( en, Rhine U ...

Botanic Garden, Bonn, Germany, the

Cambridge University Botanic Garden The Cambridge University Botanic Garden is a botanical garden located in Cambridge, England, associated with the university Department of Plant Sciences (formerly Botany School). It lies between Trumpington Road to the west, Bateman Street to ...

, Cambridge, England, the Hortus Botanicus, Leiden, Netherlands, and the Kraus Preserve of Ohio Wesleyan University, US. This page lists important botanical gardens throughout the world. A useful database cataloging the world's botanic gardens can also be found at the

Botanic Gardens Conservation International Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) is a plant conservation charity based in Kew, Surrey, England. It is a membership organisation, working with 800 botanic gardens in 118 countries, whose combined work forms the world's largest p ...

(BGCI) website. With over 800 participating botanical gardens, BGCI forms the world's largest network for plant conservation and environmental education.

Argentina

Armenia

Australia

Austria

Bangladesh

Barbados

* Andromeda Botanic Gardens * Hunte's Gardens

Belarus

* Central Botanical Garden of NAS of Belarus

Belgium

Belize

Belize Botanic Gardens Belize Botanic Gardens (BBG) is of native and exotic plants growing in the Cayo district of western Belize. The garden is in a valley on the banks of the Macal River, surrounded by the Maya Mountain foothills. The main focus of BBG is encouraging ...

Bermuda

* Bermuda Botanical Gardens

Botswana

* National Botanical Garden (Botswana),

Gaborone Gaborone ( , , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Botswana with a population of 246,325 based on the 2022 census, about 10% of the total population of Botswana. Its agglomeration is home to 421,907 inhabitants at the 2011 cen ...

Brazil

Bulgaria

Cameroon

Limbe Botanic Garden

Canada

Cayman Islands

* Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park

Chile

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

* Lankester Botanical Garden

Croatia

Cuba

Czech Republic

Denmark

Dominica

Dominica Botanical Gardens Dominica Botanic Gardens is located on the Caribbean island-nation of Dominica, in the capital of Roseau. Once known as one of the finest botanical gardens in the region, it was severely damaged by Hurricane David in 1979. Following restoration ...

Dominican Republic

* Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso National Botanical Garden

Ecuador

Egypt

Estonia

Fiji

* Savurua Botanical Gardens * Thurston Gardens,

Suva Suva () is the capital and largest city of Fiji. It is the home of the country's largest metropolitan area and serves as its major port. The city is located on the southeast coast of the island of Viti Levu, in Rewa Province, Central Di ...

Finland

France

Georgia

Germany

Ghana

Gibraltar

Gibraltar Botanic Gardens The Gibraltar Botanic Gardens or La Alameda Gardens are a botanical garden in Gibraltar, spanning around . The Rock Hotel lies above the park. History In 1816 the gardens were commissioned by the British Governor of Gibraltar General George D ...

Guyana

* Georgetown Botanical Gardens

Haiti

* Jardin Botanique des Cayes

Honduras

Hungary

Iceland

India

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Jamaica

Japan

Kenya

Kuwait

* Bayan Botanical Garden, Bayan Palace

Latvia

Lithuania

Malaysia

Malta

* Argotti Botanic Gardens,

Floriana Floriana ( mt, Il-Furjana or ''Il-Floriana''), also known by its title Borgo Vilhena, is a fortified town in the South Eastern Region area of Malta, just outside the capital city Valletta. It has a population of 2,205 as of March 2014. Floriana ...

Mauritius

Myanmar

National Kandawgyi Botanical Gardens The National Kandawgyi Botanical Gardens ( my, ကန်တော်ကြီး အမျိုးသား ရုက္ခဗေဒ ဥယျာဉ်; formerly National Botanical Gardens) is a 177 hectare botanical garden located in the Alpin ...

México

Monaco

Jardin Exotique de Monaco The Jardin Exotique de Monaco (French for "exotic garden of Monaco") is a botanical garden located on a cliffside in Monaco. History The succulent plants were brought back from Mexico in the late 1860s. By 1895, Augustin Gastaud, who served as ...

Kyrgyzstan

Botanical garden named after E. Gareev of Kyrgyzstan Science Academy Botany, also called plant science (or plant sciences), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany ...

Bishkek Bishkek ( ky, Бишкек), ), formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. The region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of ...

Morocco

Myanmar

* National Botanical Gardens,

Pyin U Lwin Pyin Oo Lwin or Pyin U Lwin (, ; Shan: ), formerly and colloquially referred to as Maymyo (), is a scenic hill town in the Mandalay Region, Myanmar, some east of Mandalay, and at an elevation of . The town was estimated to have a population of ...

Mandalay Division Mandalay Region ( my, မန္တလေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Mandalay Division) is an administrative division of Myanmar. It is located in the center of the country, bordering Sagaing Region and Magway Region to ...

Netherlands

New Zealand

North Korea

* Korea Central Botanical Garden,

Pyongyang Pyongyang (, , ) is the capital and largest city of North Korea, where it is known as the "Capital of the Revolution". Pyongyang is located on the Taedong River about upstream from its mouth on the Yellow Sea. According to the 2008 populat ...

Norway

Pakistan

* Bagh-e-Jinnah,

Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest ...

National Herbarium, Islamabad The National Herbarium is an herbarium, located in Islamabad, Pakistan. History and collection The largest herbarium in Pakistan, it was established in 1975 with Dr. Ralph Randles Stewart's collection as its initial beginning. It has a collec ...

* Rani Bagh Arboretum,

Hyderabad Hyderabad ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the ''de jure'' capital of Andhra Pradesh. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River (India), Musi River, in the northern part ...

* Sukh Chayn Gardens,

* Herbarium and Botanical Garden, Shah Abdul Latif University

Panama

* Parque Municipal Summit

Paraguay

* Botanical Garden and Zoo of Asunción, Asunción

Peru

Philippines

Poland

Portugal

Puerto Rico

* San Juan Botanical Garden

Republic of Moldova

* Chișinău Botanical Garden

Romania

Russia

Saint Lucia

* St. Lucia Botanical Gardens

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

* Botanic Gardens St. Vincent

Serbia

* Botanical Garden Jevremovac, Belgrade

Singapore

Slovakia

Slovenia

* University Botanic Gardens, Ljubljana

South Korea

South Africa

Spain

Sri Lanka

Sultanate Of Oman

Oman Botanic Garden The Oman Botanic Garden is a development of the Diwan of ''Royal Court'' in Oman, with unique plants, landscapes, and cultural traditions of Oman. The gardens are located on 423 hectares in Al Khoud, about 20 kilometers from the capital Muscat. T ...

Sudan

* Sudan National Botanical Garden

Sweden

Switzerland

Tahiti

* Jardin Botanique,

Papeete Papeete ( Tahitian: ''Papeete'', pronounced ) is the capital city of French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of the French Republic in the Pacific Ocean. The commune of Papeete is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivisi ...

Taiwan

Tonga

* 'Ene'io Botanical Garden – Vava'u

Thailand

Trinidad and Tobago

Turkey

* Atatürk Arboretum *

Karaca Arboretum Karaca Arboretum is a private arboretum An arboretum (plural: arboreta) in a general sense is a botanical collection composed exclusively of trees of a variety of species. Originally mostly created as a section in a larger garden or park for s ...

Uganda

National Botanical Gardens (Uganda) The National Botanical Gardens of Uganda, commonly known as the Botanical Gardens Entebbe, are located in Entebbe, Uganda. They were laid out in 1898 by the first curator, A Whyte, close to the shores of Lake Victoria. The gardens are divided i ...

Ukraine

United Kingdom

United States

Uzbekistan

Venezuela

* Centro Jardín Botánico de Mérida

Vietnam

Zimbabwe

References

{{reflist

External links

Botanic Garden Conservation International's Garden Search Database
List *Botanical gardens