The ''Bustan'' (, also

transliterated Transliteration is a type of conversion of a text from one writing system, script to another that involves swapping Letter (alphabet), letters (thus ''wikt:trans-#Prefix, trans-'' + ''wikt:littera#Latin, liter-'') in predictable ways, such as ...

as ''Būstān'', ''Bustān''; "the orchard") is a book of poetry by the Persian poet Saadi, completed in 1257 CE and dedicated to the

Salghurid The Salghurids (), also known as the Atabegs of Fars (), were a Persianate society, Persianate dynasty of Salur tribe, Salur Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman origin that ruled Fars province, Fars, first as vassals of the Seljuks then for the Khwara ...

Atabeg Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of Turkic language, Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince. The first instance of the ti ...

Sa'd I or Sa'd II. ''Bustan'' is considered one of two major works of Saadi. It was Saadi's first work. The book contains the fruits of Saadi's long experience and his judgements upon life, and is illustrated by a vast collection of anecdotes. It includes accounts of Saadi's travels and his analysis of human

psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans, both consciousness, conscious and Unconscious mind, unconscious phenomena, and mental processes such as thoughts, feel ...

. He often mentions his accounts with fervour and advice similar to

Aesop's fables Aesop's Fables, or the Aesopica, is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a Slavery in ancient Greece, slave and storyteller who lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 Before the Common Era, BCE. Of varied and unclear origins, the stor ...

. The book has ten chapters regarding the issues of ethics and training; namely, justice, mercy, love, humility, contentment, devotions, education, gratitude, repentance, and praying. This book is one of the 100 greatest books of all time according to Bokklubben World Library. It is composed in '' mathnawī'' style (rhyming

couplet In poetry, a couplet ( ) or distich ( ) is a pair of successive lines that rhyme and have the same metre. A couplet may be formal (closed) or run-on (open). In a formal (closed) couplet, each of the two lines is end-stopped, implying that there ...

s), and has been translated into English. The ''Bustan'' was translated into Dutch in 1688 by Daniel Havart. In India, Bustan and Gulistan were taught to schoolboys in maktabs, and it had to be learnt by heart. File:Yusuf fleeing the Advances of Zulaikha.jpg, ''

Yusuf and Zulaikha ''Yusuf and Zulaikha'' (the English transliteration of both names varies greatly) is a title given to many tellings in the Muslim world of the story of the relationship between the prophet Yusuf and Potiphar's wife. Developed primarily from the a ...

''. Miniature by Behzad from the Timurid copy of ''Bustan''.

Herat Herāt (; Dari/Pashto: هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan. In 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276, and serves as the capital of Herat Province, situated south of the Paropamisus Mountains (''Se ...

, 1488. Egyptian National Library File:A party at night, from the Bustan (Orchard) of Sa`di (CBL Per 236).jpg, ''A party at night''.

Safavid The Guarded Domains of Iran, commonly called Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire, was one of the largest and longest-lasting Iranian empires. It was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the begi ...

miniature (possibly by Mirza Ali) attached to the Timurid copy of ''Bustan''.

Tabriz Tabriz (; ) is a city in the Central District (Tabriz County), Central District of Tabriz County, in the East Azerbaijan province, East Azerbaijan province of northwestern Iran. It serves as capital of the province, the county, and the distric ...

, c. 1540.

Chester Beatty Library The Chester Beatty Library, now known as the Chester Beatty, is a museum and library in Dublin. It was established in Ireland in 1953, to house the collections of mining magnate, Sir Alfred Chester Beatty. The present museum, on the grounds of ...

File:Sheet of the Bustan de Saadi - Google Art Project.jpg, Page from the Safavid copy of ''Bustan'' written in

nastaliq ''Nastaliq'' (; ; ), also Romanization of Persian, romanized as ''Nastaʿlīq'' or ''Nastaleeq'' (), is one of the main book hand, calligraphic hands used to write Arabic script and is used for some Indo-Iranian languages, predominantly Persi ...

script. C. 1560–1570.

Lázaro Galdiano Museum The Lázaro Galdiano Museum () is an art museum in Madrid, Spain. It houses the art collection of José Lázaro Galdiano. The museum was inaugurated on 27 January 1951. History The palatial building was constructed in 1903 as the residence of ...

File:The Dervish from Faryab Crosses the River on his Rug.jpg, ''The Dervish from Faryab Crosses the River on his Rug''. Miniature by Habiballah Savaji from the Safavid copy of ''Bustan''.

Isfahan Isfahan or Esfahan ( ) is a city in the Central District (Isfahan County), Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located south of Tehran. The city ...

, c. 1600–1608.

The David Collection The David Collection () is a museum of fine and applied art in Copenhagen, Denmark, built around the private collections of lawyer, businessman and art collector C. L. David. The building at Kronprinsessegade 30 which houses the museum used to be ...

File:Sadi1.jpg, The first page of the Mughal copy of ''Bustan''. Probably Abd al-Rashid Daylami, 17th century.

Library of Congress The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C., serving as the library and research service for the United States Congress and the ''de facto'' national library of the United States. It also administers Copyright law o ...

References

External links

English translation of Bustan-e Saadi
(pdf) {{Authority control 1257 works 13th-century Persian books Iranian books Memory of the World Register in Iran

See also

References

External links