Borommarachathirat II
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Borommarachathirat II or Borom Rachathirat II (), also known as King Samphraya () (1386–1448), was a king of
Ayutthaya Ayutthaya, Ayudhya, or Ayuthia may refer to: * Ayutthaya Kingdom, a Thai kingdom that existed from 1350 to 1767 ** Ayutthaya Historical Park, the ruins of the old capital city of the Ayutthaya Kingdom * Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province (locall ...
. His reign saw its early expansions. He was a son of Intharacha who had finally taken the Ayutthayan throne for the Suphannaphum Dynasty. He had two elder brothers: Prince Aiphraya and Prince Yiphraya; and was appointed by his father to govern Chainat (
Phitsanulok Phitsanulok (, ) is a city municipality in northern Thailand and the capital of Phitsanulok province. It had a city population of 60,827 and an urban population of approximately 200,000 in 2024, making it Thailand's 19th-most populous city p ...
's old name). In 1424, Intharacha died. His two brothers marched from their respective cities to Ayutthaya for the throne. They fought on elephants in single combat and both died, leaving the throne to Samphraya. In 1433 Samphraya led Siamese forces to subjugate
Cambodia Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
plundering
Angkor Thom Angkor Thom ( ; meaning "Great City"), alternatively Nokor Thom ( ), located in present-day Cambodia, was the last and most enduring capital city of the Khmer empire, Khmer Empire. It was established in the late twelfth century by King Jayavarman V ...
. This assault eventually caused the Khmers to abandon Angkor and to relocate their capital further south-east.Chakrabongse, C., 1960, Lords of Life, London: Alvin Redman Limited And he ordered the Nakhonin to rule in
Cambodia Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
. Later, the Nakhonin died, he appointed the Prince of Phrak, his another son to reign in Cambodia. But the prince was assassinated by
Ponhea Yat Ponhea Yat (, UNGEGN: , ALA-LC: ; c. 1390 – 1463), also known as Borom Reachea I (, UNGEGN: , ALA-LC: ), was the last king of the Khmer Empire and the first Khmer king of the post-Angkor period. Ponhea Yat complained to the Yongle Emperor in ...
. Therefore allowing Ponhea Yat to become king instead of the prince. After that, Ponhea Yat moved the capital to Chaktomuk. To escape the influence of Siam, and wanting to move the center closer to the sea to further promote maritime trade. The conquest, however, brought in a large influx of
Khmer culture Throughout Cambodia's long history, religion has been a major source of cultural inspiration. Over nearly two millennia, Cambodians have developed a unique Cambodian culture and belief system from the syncreticism of indigenous animistic belie ...
and traditions into the Siamese court. For example, the high reverence of Thai kingship as a deity, known as ''
Devaraja Devaraja () was a religious order of the "god-king," or Divinity, deified monarch in medieval Southeast Asia. The devarāja order grew out of both Hinduism and separate local traditions depending on the area. It taught that the monarch, king w ...
'', came from Cambodia. King Sam Phraya also sought northward expansion. He married a daughter of the vassal Prince of Sukhothai, Maha Tammaraja IV, and had a son, who will grow up to be Prince Ramesuan. When the last king of Sukhothai died in 1446, his grandson inherited the kingdom, further strengthening Ayutthaya control over Sukhothai. In 1442, Chao Sam Phraya led his armies to conquer
Lanna The Lan Na kingdom or the Kingdom of Lanna (, , "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields"; , , ), also known as Lannathai, was an Indianized state centered in present-day Northern Thailand from the 13th to the 18th centuries. The cultural developme ...
. He managed to sack the capital
Chiang Mai Chiang Mai, sometimes written as Chiengmai or Chiangmai, is the largest city in northern Thailand, the capital of Chiang Mai province and the List of municipalities in Thailand#Largest cities by urban population, second largest city in Thailan ...
but was unable to conquer the kingdom. Chao Sam Phraya died in 1448 and was succeeded by his son Prince Ramesuan as Trilokanat.


Ancestry


References

, - {{DEFAULTSORT:Borommarachathirat 2 1448 deaths Suphannaphum dynasty Kings of Ayutthaya Year of birth unknown 15th-century monarchs in Asia Princes of Ayutthaya 15th-century Thai people