The Borkou region () is a province of

Chad Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central Afric ...

which was created in 2008 from the

Borkou department Borkou () is one of two departments of Chad, departments of the Borkou Region in Chad . It was established by Ordinance No. 002/PR/08 of 19 February 2008. Its capital is Faya-Largeau. Bourkou was formerly one of four departments in the Bourkou-Enn ...

of the former Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti region. Its capital is

Faya-Largeau Faya-Largeau (also known as Faya, or ) is the largest city in northern Chad and was the capital of the region of Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti. It is now in the Borkou Region, which was formed in 2008 from the Borkou Department of the former Bourkou-En ...

Geography

Borkou is located in the Sahara Desert, and contains parts of the Tibesti Mountains in its north. The highest point in

, Emi Koussi, is located in Borkou. The Bodélé Depression lies in the south-central portion of the region. The province borders

Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...

to the north, Ennedi-Ouest Region to the east, Wadi Fira Region, Batha Region, Bahr el Gazel Region and Kanem Region to the south, and

Niger Niger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is a unitary state Geography of Niger#Political geography, bordered by Libya to the Libya–Niger border, north-east, Chad to the Chad–Niger border, east ...

and Tibesti Region the west. The region's northern border lies within the Aouzou Strip, historically a point of dispute between

and

.Geoffrey Leslie Simons, ''Libya and the West: from independence to Lockerbie'', Centre for Libyan Studies (Oxford, England). Pg. 57

Settlements

is the provincial capital; other major settlements include Gouro, Kirdimi, Koro Toro and Yarda.

Demographics

As per the census of 2009, the population of the region was 97,251, 46.6% female. The average size of household as of 2009 is 6.00: 6.00 in rural households and 5.80 in urban areas. The total number of households was 16,191: 10,584 in rural areas and 5,607 in urban areas. The number of nomads in the region was 8,221, 2.1% of the population. There were 96,459 people residing in private households. There were 47,285 above 18 years of ages: 24,775 male and 22,510 female. The sex ratio was 114.00 females for every hundred males. There were 89,030 sedentary staff, 0.80 of the total population. The Dazaga and Tedaga Toubou are the dominant ethnic group in the region.

Administration

As a part of decentralisation in February 2003, the country is administratively split into regions, departments, municipalities and rural communities. The prefectures which were originally 14 in number were re-designated in 17 regions. The regions are administered by Governors appointed by the President. The Prefects, who originally held the responsibility of the 14 prefects, still retained the titles and were responsible for the administration of smaller departments in each region. The members of local assemblies are elected every six years, while the executive organs are elected every three years. As of 2016, there are totally 23 regions in Chad, which are divided based on population and administrative convenience. The Borkou region is divided into two departments, namely, Borkou (capital

) and Borkou Yala (capital Kirdimi, also called Kirdi). On , a new ordinance divided Chad into 23 provinces, 107 departments, and 377 communes. The names of the former regions remained the same but were now called .

History

The historical region of Borku () or Borgu ('), mostly in Northern

, formed part of the transitional zone between the arid wastes of the Sahara and the fertile lands of central

Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi ...

. It was bounded to the north by the Tibesti Mountains, and is in great measure occupied by its foothills. These hills to the south and east merge into the plains of Ouaddaï and Darfur. South-west, in the direction of Lake Chad, is the Bodele basin. The drainage of the country is to the lake. The northern valleys are inhabited by a settled population of Gourans, known as the Daza. A caravan route from Barca and the Kufra oasis passed through Bourku to Lake Chad. The country long remained unknown to Europeans. Gustav Nachtigal spent some time in it in the year 1871, and gave a valuable account of the region and its inhabitants in his book, ''Sahara and the Sudan'' (1879–1889). In 1899 Bourku, by agreement with

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European ...

, was assigned to the French sphere of influence. The country, which had formerly been periodically raided by the Walad Sliman Arabs, was then governed by the Senussi, who had placed garrisons in the chief centres of population. From it raids were made on French territory. In 1907 a French column from Kanem entered Bourku, but after capturing Am Galakka, the principal Senussi station, retired.

Notes

References

{{Authority control Regions of Chad