Borja () is a mountain in central

Bosnia Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

(

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

), between the town of

Teslić Teslić ( sr-cyrl, Теслић) is a town in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the central part of Republika Srpska, on the banks of the Usora (river), Usora River. As of 2013, the town has a population of 7,518 inhabita ...

and the village of Maslovare. It spreads in the southeast – northwest, and from Uzlomac is divided on saddle Solila, through which passes main road M-4 (

Banja Luka Banja Luka ( sr-Cyrl, Бања Лука, ) or Banjaluka ( sr-Cyrl, Бањалука, ) is the List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, second largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the largest city in Republika Srpska. Banja Luka is the tr ...

–

Matuzići Matuzići is a city in the municipality of Doboj South, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsu ...

–

Doboj Doboj ( sr-Cyrl, Добој, ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the banks of the Bosna (river), Bosna river, in the northern region of Republika Srpska. As of 2013, it has a population of 71,441 inhabita ...

, which exits on the M-17 (as corridor Vc). The biggest part of this mountain lies in the municipalities of Teslić and

Kotor Varoš Kotor Varoš ( sr-cyrl, Котор Варош) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the municipality has a population of 19,710 inhabitants, while the town of Kotor Varoš has a population o ...

. Over 1,000 meters above sea level at Borja are Runjavica (1,077 m), Pavlov vrh (Paul's peak, 1029 m), Komin (1,029 m) and Kuke (Hooks, 1.016 m). On the peaks of the mountain chain

Očauš Očauš is a mountain in central Bosnia, the majority in the municipalities of Kotor Varoš and Teslić, at an altitude of 1,402 meters (Mihailovac peak).Mučibabić B., Ur. (1998): Geografski atlas Bosne i Hercegovine. Geodetski zavod BiH, Saraj ...

– Borja – Uzlomac is a watershed between basins of

and Vrbas. Borja is rich in dense coniferous–deciduous forest communities. Dominant coniferous species are white and black

pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as cu ...

, after which it was named (the name Borja can be roughly translated as "pine woods"). The dense forests are inhabited by many wild animals, including endemic Bosnian mammals. The mountain is abundant with springs and streams. The best known spring is Hajdučke vode, located near the recreation center with the same name. There is a rich variety of minerals, of which only the coal was mined. The coal mine was opened in 1916 under

Austro-Hungarian Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consist ...

rule . It was closed during the 1950s. Planina Borja Teslic

Flora and fauna

Fauna

In a two-year survey of the butterflies of Borja, 63 species were identified, representing 34% of all butterfly species ever identified in Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, due to the lack of research in the area, 36 species were registered at Borja for the first time. Species were found from the families

Hesperiidae Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilion ...

Lycaenidae Lycaenidae is the second-largest family (biology), family of butterflies (behind Nymphalidae, brush-footed butterflies), with over 6,000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies. They constitute about 30% of ...

Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species ha ...

Papilionidae Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful Butterfly, butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includ ...

, and

Pieridae The Pieridae are a large family (biology), family of butterflies with about 76 genera containing about 1,100 species, mostly from Afrotropical realm, tropical Africa and Indomalayan realm, tropical Asia with some varieties in the more northern ...

References

{{coord, 44.5300, N, 17.7000, E, source:wikidata, display=title Mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Flora and fauna

Fauna

See also

References