The Bolivar Bridge was a proposed bridge connecting

Galveston Island Galveston Island ( ) is a barrier island on the Texas Gulf Coast in the United States, about southeast of Houston, Texas, Houston. The entire island, with the exception of Jamaica Beach, Texas, Jamaica Beach, is within the city limits of the City ...

and the Bolivar Peninsula in the

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state of

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

. Its intention was to replace the Bolivar Ferry, the only direct connection for traffic from Galveston Island. In 2007, it was decided that the study would not move forward leaving everything as is.

Bolivar Ferry

Service between

Galveston Galveston ( ) is a Gulf Coast of the United States, coastal resort town, resort city and port off the Southeast Texas coast on Galveston Island and Pelican Island (Texas), Pelican Island in the U.S. state of Texas. The community of , with a pop ...

and Port Bolivar is currently provided via a

ferry A ferry is a boat or ship that transports passengers, and occasionally vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A small passenger ferry with multiple stops, like those in Venice, Italy, is sometimes referred to as a water taxi or water bus ...

operated by the

Texas Department of Transportation The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT ) is a Texas state government agency responsible for construction and maintenance of the state's immense Texas state highway system, state highway system and the support of the state's maritime trans ...

(TxDOT) linking both halves of State Highway 87. The state-operated ferry has operated since 1934, replacing earlier operations. Due to the rapid growth of the

Greater Houston Greater Houston, designated by the Office of Management and Budget, United States Office of Management and Budget as Houston–Pasadena–The Woodlands, is the List of metropolitan statistical areas, fifth-most populous metropolitan statistical ...

area (which includes Galveston County), the commute time required to board the ferry has rapidly increased (during the summer the wait can be up to two hours), which slows emergency response times (there are few emergency services, and no hospitals, on the peninsula, thus requiring trips to Galveston). Maintenance costs for the ferry crossing have risen to approximately $12 million per year, a 200 percent increase in the last eight years alone. The ferry is unusable in the event a tropical storm or hurricane approaches the area, thus forcing evacuating traffic onto the other two egresses from the island (

Interstate 45 Interstate 45 (I-45) is a major Interstate Highway located entirely within the U.S. state of Texas. While most primary Interstate routes which have numbers ending in "5" are cross-country north–south routes, I-45 is comparatively short, ...

and a two-lane toll bridge on the west end of the island), and projected ship traffic in Galveston Bay (including the Houston Ship Channel) is expected to increase dramatically in the coming years. Bolivar Ferry

The Original Ferry consisted of three vessels. Traditionally, these have always been named for significant directors of the TxDOT. The first three vessels were named "Cone Johnson", "E.H. Thornton, Jr." and "R.S. Sterling". All three of these original ferry boats have been replaced with five slightly larger vessels. The first two had fixed shaft/propeller designs as the original boats. The following three were built with the same basic hull, but steerable prop pods. The oldest of the second generation boats is named " Gibb Gilchrist", followed by the " Robert C. Lanier", "Dewitt C. Greer", "Ray Stoker, Jr.", and the " Robert H. Dedman". The later 4 vessels are all painted in a differing color scheme to honor various universities of the State. Consecutively as named above starting with the Lanier, these schemes are Orange/White for UT, Maroon/White for TAMU, Green/Gold for Baylor U., and Red/Blue for Southern Methodist U. The current fleet of ferries comprises seven vessels, the newest of which is the ''Esperanza "Hope" Andrade'' which entered service in the spring of 2024.

Proposal

In 2000, TxDOT identified immediate need for improvements to the ferry crossing, specifically a third landing site (which is under construction), and also identified that the best long-term solution was to replace the ferry with a bridge linking Galveston and Port Bolivar. The option to make the bridge a toll bridge is being considered along with other options. TxDOT held meetings with the Galveston and Port Bolivar communities to obtain input. A third ferry landing being built was considered an interim solution only; the long-term goal is a permanent fixed crossing. TxDOT identified the following alternatives: *"No Build" (no improvements) – rejected as ferry system is at capacity *Expansion of ferry system – rejected as the system cannot be relied upon during evacuation or bad weather *Tunnel Crossing – rejected due to high cost and vehicle/cargo restrictions The final solution was to build a bridge between the communities. Four tentative corridors were identified: *Route 1-1, using the existing State Highway 87 corridor *Route 1-2, using the Galveston Seawall as a corridor *Route 1-3, using nearby Pelican Island (immediately north of Galveston Island) as a corridor at approximately . *Route 2 (including alternatives 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3), using the Texas City Dike as a corridor The preferred corridor is Route 1-3, the Pelican Island alternative. One estimate for the cost of the bridge was $240 million.

Cancellation of Project

After numerous environmental studies,

TxDOT The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT ) is a Texas state government agency responsible for construction and maintenance of the state's immense Texas state highway system, state highway system and the support of the state's maritime trans ...

worked with the Houston-Galveston district and made a final plan to cancel the project. The plan was canceled in 2007. Failure to find a partner to support the project was a deciding factor for not building the bridge. The ferry systems will remain as the access point to the Bolivar Peninsula from Galveston Island.

Bolivar Ferry

Proposal

Cancellation of Project

References

Related links