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Gotthard Johann von Knorring (1744/1746 – 1825; , Bogdan Fyodorovich Knorring) was a
Baltic German Baltic Germans ( or , later ) are Germans, ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950), their resettlement in 1945 after the end ...
who was a soldier in the
Russian Army The Russian Ground Forces (), also known as the Russian Army in English, are the Army, land forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces are the protection of the state borders, combat on land, ...
, rising to become a
general A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ...
.


Biography

He was born in 1744 or 1746 into the Knorring family, as a member of the Baltic German nobility. Knorring grew up on Ervita manor, in the
Governorate of Estonia The Governorate of Estonia, also known as the Esthonia (Estland) Governorate, was a province (''guberniya'') and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire. It was located in the northern Estonia with some islands in the West Estoni ...
. He was appointed general quartermaster in 1788 and had active duty during the war against Sweden (1788–1790). In 1792–1794, he participated in the campaigns in Poland-Lithuania (see
Polish–Russian War of 1792 The Polish–Russian War of 1792 (also, War of the Second Partition, and in Polish sources, War in Defence of the Constitution) was fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth on one side, and the Targowica Confederation (conservativ ...
and
Kościuszko Uprising The Kościuszko Uprising, also known as the Polish Uprising of 1794, Second Polish War, Polish Campaign of 1794, and the Polish Revolution of 1794, was an uprising against the Russian and Prussian influence on the Polish–Lithuanian Common ...
). When Paul I started his reign, Knorring withdrew from the military for some years. He participated in the war against
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
in 1807 but was recalled due to disagreements with the commanding general, Levin August von Bennigsen. In December 1808 he was appointed commander of the Russian forces in
Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...
after Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoeveden, and under his command the Russian forces crossed the
Gulf of Bothnia The Gulf of Bothnia (; ; ) is divided into the Bothnian Bay and the Bothnian Sea, and it is the northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea, between Finland's west coast ( East Bothnia) and the northern part of Sweden's east coast ( West Bothnia an ...
on the ice and invaded Sweden proper. Shortly after, in March 1809 the command of the Russian forces transferred to
Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly Prince Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly (baptised – ) was a Russian field marshal who figured prominently in the Napoleonic Wars. Barclay was born into a Baltic German family from Livland. His father was the first of his family to be accep ...
. He died in 1825.


See also

There was another General Knorring, his brother Karl Knorring, who was involved in the Russian annexation of Georgia in 1801.


References


External links


Genealogisches Handbuch der baltischen Ritterschaften
{{DEFAULTSORT:Knorring, Gotthard 1740s births 1825 deaths People from Järva Parish People from the Governorate of Estonia Baltic-German people from the Russian Empire Nobility from the Russian Empire Imperial Russian Army generals Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars Russian military personnel of the Finnish War Russian people of the Kościuszko Uprising Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree
Bogdan Bogdan (Cyrillic: Богдан) is a Slavic masculine name that appears in the South Slavic languages and in Polish, Romanian and Moldovan. It is derived from the Slavic words ''Bog'' (Cyrillic: Бог), meaning 'god', and ''dan'' (Cyrillic: ...