Blusher on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
The blusher is the common name for several closely related species of the genus ''
It is common throughout much of
MykoWeb
for details.
File:Amanita.Amerirubescens.002.jpg, ''Amanita'' 'amerirubescens'
File:Amanita.Amerirubescens.001.jpg, ''Amanita'' 'amerirubescens'
File:Muchomůrka růžová 1.jpg, Mushrooms at various ages
File:Amanita rubescens 12.jpg, Amanita rubescens
File:Amanita rubescens var. anulo sulphureus.jpg, Amanita rubescens f. anulo sulphureus
File:Amanita rubescens100.jpg, Amanita rubescens
File:Amanita rubescens 333.jpg, Amanita rubescens
"Tabular and Nontabular Keys to the Rubescent Species of ''Amanita'' section ''Validae''"
by Rodham E. Tulloss, March 10, 2003.
by Michael Kuo, ''MushroomExpert.Com'', March 2003.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, June 25, 2006.
by Michael Kuo, ''MushroomExpert.Com'', March 2003.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Michael Wood & Fred Stevens, ''MykoWeb'', 2004. And will
by Rodham E. Tulloss, October 6, 2006.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Michael Kuo, ''MushroomExpert.Com'', September 2002.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006. {{Taxonbar, from=Q623485 Amanita Fungi of Europe Fungi of the United States Ecology of the Appalachian Mountains Poisonous fungi Fungi without expected TNC conservation status
Amanita
The genus ''Amanita'' contains about 600 species of agarics, including some of the most toxic known mushrooms found worldwide, as well as some well-regarded edible species. This genus is responsible for approximately 95% of the fatalities result ...
''. ''A. rubescens'' or the blushing amanita, is found in Europe and eastern North America, and ''A. novinupta'', also known as the new bride blushing amanita, is found in western North America. Both their scientific and common names are derived from the propensity of their flesh to turn pink on bruising, or cutting.
The mushroom is edible and tasty, sought for in several European countries. It is readily recognizable by its pinkish color on the bottom of the stem. It is avoided by novice mushroomers as without knowledge it can be confused with deadly poisonous species.
Description
The European blusher has a reddish-brown convex pileus (cap), that is 5–15 cm across, and strewn with small white-to-mahogany warts. It is sometimes covered with an ochre-yellow flush which can be washed by the rain. The flesh of the mushroom is white, becoming pink when bruised or exposed to air. This is a key feature in differentiating it from the poisonous false blusher or panther cap ''(Amanita pantherina
''Amanita pantherina'', also known as the panther cap, false blusher, and the panther amanita due to its similarity to the true blusher (''Amanita rubescens''), is a species of fungus found in Europe and Western Asia.
Description
*Cap: 5– ...
)'', whose flesh does not. The stipe (stem) is white with flushes of the cap colour, and grows to 5–15 cm. The gills
A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...
are white and free of the stem, and display red spots when damaged.
The ring is striate (i.e. has ridges) on its upper side, another feature distinguishing it from ''Amanita pantherina
''Amanita pantherina'', also known as the panther cap, false blusher, and the panther amanita due to its similarity to the true blusher (''Amanita rubescens''), is a species of fungus found in Europe and Western Asia.
Description
*Cap: 5– ...
''.
The spore
In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, ...
s are white, ovate, amyloid
Amyloids are aggregates of proteins characterised by a fibrillar morphology of 7–13 nm in diameter, a beta sheet (β-sheet) secondary structure (known as cross-β) and ability to be stained by particular dyes, such as Congo red. In the hu ...
, and approximately 8 by 5 µm in size.
The flavour
Flavor or flavour is either the sensory perception of taste or smell, or a flavoring in food that produces such perception.
Flavor or flavour may also refer to:
Science
*Flavors (programming language), an early object-oriented extension to Lisp ...
of the uncooked flesh is mild, but has a faint acrid aftertaste
Aftertaste is the taste intensity of a food or beverage that is perceived immediately after that food or beverage is removed from the mouth. The aftertastes of different foods and beverages can vary by intensity and over time, but the unifying fe ...
. The smell is not strong.
The mushroom is often attacked by insects.
Distribution and habitat
It is common throughout much of Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...
and eastern North America (in the latter region there are at least three different species that fit into the name ''Amanita amerirubescens'') growing on poor soils as well as in deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, a ...
and coniferous woodlands, appearing from June through to November in the UK. It has also been recorded from South Africa, where it is thought to have been accidentally introduced with trees imported from Europe. It has also been recorded from Asia
In eastern North America, ''Amanita rubescens'' is frequently parasitized by '' Hypomyces hyalinus''. Parasitized fruiting bodies are extremely difficult to recognize unless they occur in conjunction with healthy ones, although some retain the "blushing" characteristic of the species.
''Amanita novinupta''
A species found in the western U.S., only recently formally described and until then frequently misidentified as ''A. rubescens''; seMykoWeb
for details.
Other species
Closely related species include ''Amanita brunneolocularis'', ''A. orsonii'', ''A. rubescens'' var. ''alba'', and ''A. rubescens'' var. ''congolensis''.Uses
''Amanita rubescens'' is edible when cooked. European ''A. rubescens'' is known to contain ahemolytic
Hemolysis or haemolysis (), also known by several other names, is the rupturing (lysis) of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents (cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma). Hemolysis may occur in vivo o ...
protein in its raw state, which is destroyed by low pH and when is cooked; it is unknown whether North American ''A. rubescens'' and ''A. novinupta'' are similarly toxic when eaten raw.
Gallery
See also
* List of ''Amanita'' speciesReferences
External links
"Tabular and Nontabular Keys to the Rubescent Species of ''Amanita'' section ''Validae''"
by Rodham E. Tulloss, March 10, 2003.
''Amanita rubescens''
by Michael Kuo, ''MushroomExpert.Com'', March 2003.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, June 25, 2006.
''Amanita novinupta''
by Michael Kuo, ''MushroomExpert.Com'', March 2003.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Michael Wood & Fred Stevens, ''MykoWeb'', 2004. And will
Other species
by Rodham E. Tulloss, October 6, 2006.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Michael Kuo, ''MushroomExpert.Com'', September 2002.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006.
by Rodham E. Tulloss, July 25, 2006. {{Taxonbar, from=Q623485 Amanita Fungi of Europe Fungi of the United States Ecology of the Appalachian Mountains Poisonous fungi Fungi without expected TNC conservation status