The Bloch MB.150 (later MB.151 to MB.157) was a French
fighter aircraft
Fighter aircraft (early on also ''pursuit aircraft'') are military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat. In military conflict, the role of fighter aircraft is to establish air supremacy, air superiority of the battlespace. Domina ...
developed and produced by ''
Société des Avions Marcel Bloch
The Société des Avions Marcel Bloch was a French aircraft manufacturer of military and civilian aircraft. It was founded by the aeronautical designer Marcel Bloch (hence "MB" in the aircraft designations), who had previously played a major ro ...
''. It featured an all-metal construction, complete with a retractable
undercarriage
Undercarriage is the part of a moving vehicle that is underneath the main body of the vehicle. The term originally applied to this part of a horse-drawn carriage, and usage has since broadened to include:
*The landing gear of an aircraft.
*The ch ...
, low
cantilever wing
A cantilever is a rigid structural element that extends horizontally and is unsupported at one end. Typically it extends from a flat vertical surface such as a wall, to which it must be firmly attached. Like other structural elements, a cantilev ...
and an enclosed
cockpit
A cockpit or flight deck is the area, on the front part of an aircraft, spacecraft, or submersible, from which a pilot controls the vehicle.
The cockpit of an aircraft contains flight instruments on an instrument panel, and the controls th ...
.
The MB.150 was originally developed to conform with the requirements of the 1934 French Air Ministry competition seeking a new fighter design. Despite the competition being won by the competing
Morane-Saulnier M.S.406, it was decided to proceed with development. After failing to take off, the modified prototype conducted its
maiden flight
The maiden flight, also known as first flight, of an aircraft is the first occasion on which it leaves the ground under its own power. The same term is also used for the first launch of rockets.
In the early days of aviation it could be dange ...
in October 1937. Service trials of the MB.150 determined the aircraft to hold sufficient promise to warrant further work, leading to the adoption of an expanded and strengthened wing and a more refined
Gnome-Rhone 14N-7 engine. During spring 1938, following the completion of further proving trials, an order for a pre-production batch of 25 aircraft was placed.
Redesigns of the MB.150 design led to the improved MB.151 and MB.152 which entered squadron service with the ''Armée de l'Air''. By the outbreak of the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, around 120 aircraft had been delivered to the ''Armée de l'Air'' but most were not sufficiently equipped to be considered operational. An improved MB.155 had greater range. Ordered into production in 1940, only ten aircraft had been completed by the
Fall of France
The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg and the Net ...
. The MB.157, a further improved model with a heavier and more powerful engine, was completed during the
Vichy
Vichy (, ; ) is a city in the central French department of Allier. Located on the Allier river, it is a major spa and resort town and during World War II was the capital of Vichy France. As of 2021, Vichy has a population of 25,789.
Known f ...
era. Though it demonstrated promising performance, it did not enter production.
Development
Origins
On 13 July 1934, the ''
Service Technique Aéronautique
Service may refer to:
Activities
* Administrative service, a required part of the workload of university faculty
* Civil service, the body of employees of a government
* Community service, volunteer service for the benefit of a community or a ...
'' (Aeronautical Technical Service) of the
French Air Force
The French Air and Space Force (, , ) is the air force, air and space force of the French Armed Forces. Formed in 1909 as the ("Aeronautical Service"), a service arm of the French Army, it became an independent military branch in 1934 as the Fr ...
issued the "C1 design" requirement for a new and modern single-seat
interceptor
Interceptor may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
Film and television
* ''The Interceptor'', a British drama series on BBC One
* Interceptor (game show), ''Interceptor'' (game show), a British television game show that ran during 1989
* Interc ...
fighter.
Envisioning a monoplane layout and a retractable
undercarriage
Undercarriage is the part of a moving vehicle that is underneath the main body of the vehicle. The term originally applied to this part of a horse-drawn carriage, and usage has since broadened to include:
*The landing gear of an aircraft.
*The ch ...
, the prospective fighter was to serve as a replacement for the French Air Force's
Dewoitine D.371
The Dewoitine 37 was the first of a family of 1930s French-built monoplane fighter aircraft. Design and development
The D.37 was a single-seat aircraft of conventional configuration. Its fixed landing gear used a tailskid. The open cockpit was lo ...
,
Dewoitine D.500, and
Loire 46
The Loire 46 was a French single-seater fighter aircraft of the 1930s. A high-winged monoplane designed and built by Loire Aviation, it was purchased by the French Air Force. It was also supplied to the Spanish Republican forces during the Spani ...
aircraft. Amongst the companies who took interest in the specification, to which the potential for a large production order was attached, was French aircraft manufacturer
Société des Avions Marcel Bloch
The Société des Avions Marcel Bloch was a French aircraft manufacturer of military and civilian aircraft. It was founded by the aeronautical designer Marcel Bloch (hence "MB" in the aircraft designations), who had previously played a major ro ...
.
[Botquin 1967, p. 3.]
The design team, headed by Maurice Roussel, was assembled at Bloch's
Courbevoie
Courbevoie () is a Communes of France, commune located in the Hauts-de-Seine department of the ÃŽle-de-France region of France. It is a suburb of Paris, from the Kilometre zero, center of Paris. The centre of Courbevoie is situated from the ci ...
facility in
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
.
They designed an all-metal stressed skin monoplane, powered by a
Gnome-Rhône 14Kfs radial engine
The radial engine is a reciprocating engine, reciprocating type internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinder (engine), cylinders "radiate" outward from a central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel. ...
and armed with a pair of wing-mounted
Hispano-Suiza HS.404
The HS.404 is an autocannon originally designed by and produced by the Swiss arm of the Spanish/Swiss company Hispano-Suiza in the mid-1930s. Production was later moved to the French arm of Hispano-Suiza.
It was widely used as an aircraft, na ...
cannon. During September 1935, construction of the first prototype, the ''Bloch 150-01'', commenced.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 3.]
Although the C.1 competition was won by a rival design, the
Morane-Saulnier M.S.406, it was decided independently to continue with development. During 1936, these efforts culminated in the first attempted flight of the ''MB.150.01'' prototype; unfortunately, the aircraft proved unable to get off the ground. Amidst the disappointment, work on the design was temporarily halted and then resumed during early 1937.
A strengthened wing of greater area, revised
undercarriage
Undercarriage is the part of a moving vehicle that is underneath the main body of the vehicle. The term originally applied to this part of a horse-drawn carriage, and usage has since broadened to include:
*The landing gear of an aircraft.
*The ch ...
arrangement and the installation of a
Gnome-Rhone 14N-0
radial engine
The radial engine is a reciprocating engine, reciprocating type internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinder (engine), cylinders "radiate" outward from a central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel. ...
with a three-blade
constant speed propeller
Constant or The Constant may refer to:
Mathematics
* Constant (mathematics), a non-varying value
* Mathematical constant, a special number that arises naturally in mathematics, such as or
Other concepts
* Control variable or scientific con ...
, on 29 September 1937, the MB.150 finally conducted its
maiden flight
The maiden flight, also known as first flight, of an aircraft is the first occasion on which it leaves the ground under its own power. The same term is also used for the first launch of rockets.
In the early days of aviation it could be dange ...
.
Months later, the MB.150.01 was handed over to the ''Centre d'Essais du Materiel Aerien'' (CEMA) for service trials; during one such official test flight in December 1937, a maximum recorded speed of was attained.
[Cristesco 1967, pp. 3–4.] As a result of the CEMA flights, the performance of the prototype was sufficiently interesting as to warrant further development. This brought, at the beginning of 1938, a small increase in the aircraft's wing span, the replacement of the twin wing-mounted
radiator
A radiator is a heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. The majority of radiators are constructed to function in cars, buildings, and electronics.
A radiator is always a ...
s by a unit installed between the wheel wells, and the installation of an improved 14N-7 engine, which led to the prototype being re-named ''MB.150.01M'' (''M'' standing for ''modified'').
During spring 1938, further trials of the modified aircraft were performed by CEMA.
By this point, the declining diplomatic situation between the European powers and the enactment of several urgent re-equipment programmes for the French Air Force, proved favourable for the MB.150.
On 15 March 1938, one programme, ''Plan V'', was adopted, calling for the near-unrealistic delivery of 940 modern fighter aircraft to the Air Force within the space of a year. Even the most optimistic projections saw 285 M.S.406 fighters delivered; while the MB.150 was deemed to have not yet completed development, it was decided to include the type within the production.
On 7 April 1938, upon the completion of trials in late spring 1938, the new manufacturing consortium
SNCASO
SNCASO (abbreviated from ''Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du Sud-Ouest'' ), or commonly ''Sud-Ouest'', was a French aircraft manufacturer.
Created during 1936 as one of seven nationalised aeronautical manufacturing companie ...
received an initial order for a pre-production batch of 25 aircraft which, upon completion of the MB.150's development programme, was followed by the confirmation of a sizable order for 450 aircraft.
Three hundred aircraft were to be delivered to the French Air Force by 1 April 1939; this was later cut to 206 aircraft. Only one aircraft had been delivered by the deadline; other aircraft firms failed to meet the tight delivery dates.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 4.]
Further development
There was no direct production of the ''MB-150.01'' as the aircraft having been deemed to be unsuitable for mass production.
[Leyvastre and Courteville 1978, p. 181.] Amongst other changes needed, the structure of the airframe had to be redesigned to suit mass production.
[Cristesco 1967, pp. 4–5.] During early April 1938, an order was received for three more prototypes; these were to explore the possibilities for installing more powerful engines of both French and American design, such as the
Hispano-Suiza 14AA
The Hispano-Suiza 14AA, also known as Type 79, was a fourteen-cylinder aircraft radial engine used in France during the late 1930s. As Hispano-Suiza lacked recent experience in developing radial engines, it was derived from the licensed Wright ...
,
Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp
The Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp is an American air-cooled radial aircraft engine. It has 14 cylinders, arranged in two rings of seven. It displaces and its bore and stroke are both . The design traces its history to 1929 experiments a ...
, and further derivatives of the
Gnome-Rhône 14N
The Gnome-Rhône 14N was a 14-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine designed and manufactured by Gnome-Rhône just before the start of World War II. A development of the Gnome-Rhône 14K, the 14N was used on several French and even one Germa ...
engine. This design effort led to the production of the ''MB.151.01'' and ''MB.152.01'' prototypes, which were developed and produced in parallel.
The first pre-production prototype, the MB.151.01, was quickly assembled at Courbevoie using the new simplified construction methods.
This aircraft, which was fully armed, performed its first flight at
Villacoublay Airfield,
ÃŽle-de-France
The ÃŽle-de-France (; ; ) is the most populous of the eighteen regions of France, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 residents on 1 January 2023. Centered on the capital Paris, it is located in the north-central part of the cou ...
, on 18 August 1938. According to Christesco, the performance of the MB.151.01 was initially disappointing, leading to efforts to rectify performance issues.
Development and mass production, was delayed by the overheating of the engine (resulting in oil cooler types being tested and the most efficient of these adopted) and the aircraft being poorly balanced on its
pitch axis at high speeds; neither the prototype nor the production MB.151 were able to attain , the design's estimated maximum speed.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 5.]
According to Christesco, the MB.152.01 was "the first true aircraft" of the series. This model was equipped with a more powerful
Gnome-Rhône 14N-21 engine, capable of a speed of and equipped with a revised armament arrangement. On 15 December 1938, the MB.152.01 prototype performed its maiden flight.
During January 1939, it was refitted with a more production-representative Gnome-Rhône 14N-25 engine; various alternative engine cowlings and propellers were also tested to address engine overheating. To prevent further delays to the production aircraft, a large cowling was adopted, which increased drag and reduced the MB.152's flight performance.
[Cristesco 1967, pp. 5–6.]
The manufacturing of the fighter was divided amongst the various branches comprising SNCASO.
Aside from a handful that were assembled at Courbevoie early on, roughly half of all aircraft produced were manufactured at
Châteauroux
Châteauroux ( ; ; ) is the capital city of the French department of Indre, central France and the second-largest town in the province of Berry, after Bourges. Its residents are called ''Castelroussins'' () in French.
Climate
Châteauroux te ...
,
Berry
A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples of berries in the cul ...
while the other half were built at
Bordeaux–Merignac,
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Nouvelle-Aquitaine () is the largest Regions of France, administrative region in France by area, spanning the west and southwest of Metropolitan France. The region was created in 2014 by the merging of Aquitaine, Limousin, and Poitou-Charentes ...
. From January 1940, production was at Châteauroux alone.
During December 1938, the first of the pre-production aircraft were completed; on 7 March 1939, the first production fighter was delivered to the French Air Force. By mid-May 1939, only 22 aircraft, a combination of MB.151s and MB.152s, had been dispatched; of these, only ten had been accepted by the Air Force.
The ''MB.153'' and ''MB.154'' were intended as testbeds for American engines but only the MB.153 flew and when it crashed a few days later was damaged beyond repair, pursuit of these alternatives also ceased. Attention shifted to extending the range of the MB.152 by moving the cockpit aft to make room for a new
fuel tank
A fuel tank (also called a petrol tank or gas tank) is a safe container for Flammability, flammable fluids, often gasoline or diesel fuel. Though any storage tank for fuel may be so called, the term is typically applied to part of an engine sys ...
; other modifications included a slightly broader wing and revised aerodynamics around the
cowling
A cowling (or cowl) is the removable covering of a vehicle's engine, most often found on automobiles, motorcycles, airplanes, and on outboard boat motors. On airplanes, cowlings are used to reduce drag and to cool the engine. On boats, cowlings ...
. The resulting ''MB.155'', performed favourably in flight tests and was ordered into production in 1940 but only ten aircraft had been completed by the
Fall of France
The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg and the Net ...
.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 8.] Under the terms of the armistice, the remaining 25 on the production line were completed and delivered into
Vichy
Vichy (, ; ) is a city in the central French department of Allier. Located on the Allier river, it is a major spa and resort town and during World War II was the capital of Vichy France. As of 2021, Vichy has a population of 25,789.
Known f ...
service. From there, some eventually made their way into the ''
Luftwaffe
The Luftwaffe () was the aerial warfare, aerial-warfare branch of the before and during World War II. German Empire, Germany's military air arms during World War I, the of the Imperial German Army, Imperial Army and the of the Imperial Ge ...
'' after 1942.
The final member of the family, the ''MB.157'' had a far more powerful engine and eventually became a very different aircraft as the design evolved from the MB.152 to accommodate the larger and heavier
Gnome-Rhône 14R-4 motor. Unfinished at the time of the armistice, it was ordered to be completed and flown under German supervision. Demonstrating superb performance, it was taken to
Orly
Orly () is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, ÃŽle-de-France. It is located from the center of Paris.
The name of Orly came from Latin ''Aureliacum'', "the villa of Aurelius".
Orly Airport partially lies on the territory of the c ...
where the engine was removed for testing in a
wind tunnel
A wind tunnel is "an apparatus for producing a controlled stream of air for conducting aerodynamic experiments". The experiment is conducted in the test section of the wind tunnel and a complete tunnel configuration includes air ducting to and f ...
. The excellence in the design was confirmed by Germans when they completed and tested it in 1942, reaching up to . It was later destroyed in an
Allied air raid.
Operational history

Upon evaluation, early deliveries were deemed unsuitable for combat operations, principally due to problems with the tailplane; plans were laid for the first 157 production fighters to be stored awaiting modification, while additional production examples were built with the correction. The type was initially confined to performing training duties alone; prior to the outbreak of the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, only one squadron, allocated to the
1st Escadre de Chasse, received the type. Upon the eve of the conflict, around 249 aircraft had been manufactured; of these, roughly 123 aircraft had been accepted by the ''Armée de l'Air''. However, few of these were considered to be flyable, the majority missing their
gunsights
A sight or sighting device is any gadget, device used to assist in precise visual perception, visual alignment (i.e. ''aiming'') of weapons, surveying instruments, aircraft equipment, optical illumination equipment or larger optical instruments ...
and
propellers
A propeller (often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon a working flu ...
.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 6.]
On 26 September 1939, the first modified MB.152s were delivered to the French Air Force; allocation to active squadrons began by early October and, by mid-November 1939, two ''
Groupes de Chasse'' (fighter wings) had been equipped with 26 MB.152s each.
[Cristesco 1967, pp. 6–7.] At this point, the type still demonstrated some unfavourable flight characteristics, such as during steep dives. Increasing numbers of MB.151 aircraft were being delivered to be squadrons for training in advance of their conversion to the MB.152.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 7.] During the early
Phoney War
The Phoney War (; ; ) was an eight-month period at the outset of World War II during which there were virtually no Allied military land operations on the Western Front from roughly September 1939 to May 1940. World War II began on 3 Septembe ...
, very few engagements between the MB.152 and the aircraft of the ''Luftwaffe'' occurred; in this period, only the shooting-down of a
Junkers Ju 88
The Junkers Ju 88 is a twin-engined multirole combat aircraft designed and produced by the German aircraft manufacturer Junkers Aircraft and Motor Works. It was used extensively during the Second World War by the ''Luftwaffe'' and became one o ...
was recorded.
[Cristesco 1967, p. 9.]
During the
Battle of France
The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the Nazi Germany, German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembour ...
, MB.151s and MB.152s equipped nine ''Groupes de Chasse''; the MB.152 was the most numerous aircraft remaining in service during the final weeks prior to the signing of the
Armistice of 22 June 1940
The Armistice of 22 June 1940, sometimes referred to as the Second Armistice at Compiègne, was an agreement signed at 18:36 on 22 June 1940 near Compiègne, France by officials of Nazi Germany and the French Third Republic. It became effective a ...
.
[Cristesco 1967, pp. 3, 8.] They proved to be tough aircraft, able to withstand considerable battle damage, rapidly reach high speeds during a dive and were steady gun platforms. In air combat they were outmatched by the
Messerschmitt Bf 109
The Messerschmitt Bf 109 is a monoplane fighter aircraft that was designed and initially produced by the Nazi Germany, German aircraft manufacturer Messerschmitt#History, Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW). Together with the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, the ...
E on almost every count and proved slower than the twin-engined
Messerschmitt Bf 110
The Messerschmitt Bf 110, often known unofficially as the Me 110,Because it was built before ''Bayerische Flugzeugwerke'' became Messerschmitt AG in July 1938, the Bf 110 was never officially given the designation Me 110. is a twin-engined (de ...
. All Bloch units suffered many losses. In the week of 10 to 17 May, it was almost commonplace for a Bloch squadron to take off with eight or nine aircraft and come back with only two or three. The MB.152 pilots claimed at least 188 enemy aircraft, for the loss of about 86 Blochs.
In the third week in May the Bloch units had suffered severe losses and were pulled back to the Paris area to reform.
[Jackson 1979, p. 44.]
In comparison with its French contemporaries, according to aviation author Michel Cristesco: "the MB.152 was the least successful in combat and the one that suffered the heaviest losses".
The type had numerous shortcomings; these problems included lack of manoeuvrability, unreliable guns, a relatively short range ( compared to for the Bf 109E) and being considerably underpowered.
Writing of its faults, Cristesco attributed two major points for its performance shortcomings; its inadequate manoeuvrability and its range.
Following the Armistice, six groups continued to fly in the
Vichy French Air Force
The Air Force (), usually referred to as the Air Force of Vichy (''Armée de l'air de Vichy'') or Armistice Air Force (''Armée de l'Air de l'armistice'') for clarity, was the aerial branch of the Armistice Army of Vichy France established in th ...
until this was disbanded on 1 December 1942, the aircraft being passed over to the
Royal Romanian Air Force
The Air Force branch of the Royal Romanian forces in World War II was officially named the (ARR, ), though it is more commonly referred to in English histories as the (Royal Romanian Air Force, FARR), or simply (Romanian Air Force). It provided ...
by the Germans.
[Green 1960, p. 30.] By April 1941, the
German Armistice Commission
The German Armistice Commission (, WAKO) was a military body charged with supervising the implementation of the Franco-German Armistice, signed on 22 June 1940, in German-occupied France during World War II.United States Department of State, Pub ...
had agreed with a proposal to standardise the Vichy Air Force onto the
Dewoitine D.520, resulting in all other single-engine fighters being retired.
The Germans seized around 173 fighters, 83 of which being reportedly serviceable, which were
pressed into service with the ''Luftwaffe''. Chrisesco alleged that around 95 MB.152s were secretly modified during late 1941 – early 1942 with a rear-fuselage fuel tank, giving them the range to cross the
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Eur ...
to freedom.
Though the Greek government had ordered 25 MB.151s, only nine had reached
Greece
Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...
by the time of the Armistice.
[Cristesco 1967, pp. 7, 12.] Those that were delivered were still in the process of working up when the
Greco-Italian War
The Greco-Italian War (), also called the Italo-Greek War, Italian campaign in Greece, Italian invasion of Greece, and War of '40 in Greece, took place between Italy and Greece from 28 October 1940 to 23 April 1941. This conflict began the Balk ...
broke out, leading to the wider
Balkan Campaign between the European powers. The MB.151 fighters flew with the 24th ''Moira Dioxis'' (Fighter Squadron) of the
Hellenic Royal Air Force, stationed at Elefsina against the Italians and Germans, scoring several air-to-air victories until 19 April 1941, when the last Greek MB.151s was shot down.
At one stage, the Bulgarian government was in the process of negotiating the acquisition of MB.152 fighters with the
Vichy government
Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the defeat against ...
. During February 1943, a contract for delivery of 20 aircraft was signed, but this was vetoed by the Germans, which by now had a controlling say within Vichy French politics. Bulgaria later received
Dewoitine D.520s to meet their needs.
Variants
;MB.150
:Single MB.150.01 prototype powered by a single
Gnome-Rhône 14N-07
;MB.151
:MB.151.01 prototype and MB.151.C1 initial production versions powered by 920hp
Gnome-Rhône 14N-35 engines (144 built)
;MB.152
:MB.152.01 prototype and MB.152.C1 up-rated production versions produced in parallel with 151.C1, powered by 1,050hp
Gnome-Rhône 14N-25 engines. (482 built)
;MB.153
:Single MB.153.01 prototype with
Pratt & Whitney R-1830
The Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp is an American air-cooled radial aircraft engine. It has 14 cylinders, arranged in two rings of seven. It displaces and its bore and stroke are both . The design traces its history to 1929 experiments a ...
Twin Wasp engine
;MB.154
:Proposed version with
Wright R-1820
The Wright R-1820 Cyclone 9 is an American radial engine developed by Curtiss-Wright, widely used on aircraft in the 1930s through 1950s. It was produced under license in France as the Hispano-Suiza 9V or Hispano-Wright 9V, and in the Soviet Uni ...
Cyclone engine. Not built.
;MB.155
:MB.155.01 prototype converted from a MB.152 and MB.155.C1 production versions powered by
Gnome-Rhône 14N-49 engines (35 built)
;MB.156
:Proposed version with
Gnome-Rhône 14R
The SNECMA 14R was a 14-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine developed in France just prior to the start of World War II from the Gnome-Rhône 14N. The 14N radial engine was itself an improved version of the popular pre-war Gnome-Rhône 14K ...
engine. Not built.
;MB.157
:Single prototype of advanced version, converted from the MB.152 and equipped with a 1,590hp Gnome-Rhône 14R-4 engine.
Operators
;
:''
Armée de l'Air
The French Air and Space Force (, , ) is the air force, air and space force of the French Armed Forces. Formed in 1909 as the ("Aeronautical Service"), a service arm of the French Army, it became an independent military branch in 1934 as the Fr ...
''
* Groupe de Chasse I/1
* Groupe de Chasse II/1
* Groupe de Chasse II/6
* Groupe de Chasse I/8
* Groupe de Chasse II/8
* Groupe de Chasse II/9
* Groupe de Chasse III/9
* Groupe de Chasse II/10
* Groupe de Chasse III/10
* Escadrille de Chasse I/55
:''
Aéronavale''
*
Escadrille AC2
* Escadrille AC3
;
:''
Luftwaffe
The Luftwaffe () was the aerial warfare, aerial-warfare branch of the before and during World War II. German Empire, Germany's military air arms during World War I, the of the Imperial German Army, Imperial Army and the of the Imperial Ge ...
''
* EJG 26 (at
Cognac
Cognac ( , also , ) is a variety of brandy named after the Communes of France, commune of Cognac, France. It is produced in the surrounding wine-growing region in the Departments of France, departments of Charente and Charente-Maritime.
Cogn ...
)
* JG 103 (at
Bad Aibling
Bad Aibling (; ) is a spa town and former district seat in Bavaria on the river Mangfall, located some southeast of Munich. It features a luxury health resort with a peat pulp bath and mineral spa.
History
Bad Aibling and its surroundin ...
)
* Jagdlehrer Staffel (at
Guyancourt
Guyancourt () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yvelines Departments of France, department in the ÃŽle-de-France Regions of France, region in north-central France. It is located in the south-western suburbs of Paris, from the Kilometre Zero ...
-
Orange
Orange most often refers to:
*Orange (fruit), the fruit of the tree species '' Citrus'' × ''sinensis''
** Orange blossom, its fragrant flower
** Orange juice
*Orange (colour), the color of an orange fruit, occurs between red and yellow in the vi ...
)
;
:
Royal Hellenic Air Force
The Hellenic Air Force (HAF; , sometimes abbreviated as ΠΑ) is the air force of Greece (''Hellenic'' being the endonym for ''Greek'' in the Greek language). It is considered to be one of the largest air forces in NATO, and is globally placed 1 ...
*
24th Pursuit Squadron
;
:
Polish Air Forces in exile in France
*
I/145 Polish Fighter Squadron ''Varsovie''
;
:
Royal Romanian Air Force
The Air Force branch of the Royal Romanian forces in World War II was officially named the (ARR, ), though it is more commonly referred to in English histories as the (Royal Romanian Air Force, FARR), or simply (Romanian Air Force). It provided ...
;
Vichy France
Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the Battle of France, ...
:''
Armée de l'Air de l'Armistice''
[Cristesco 1967, p. 12.][Ehrengardt 1968, p. 19.]
* Groupe de Chasse I/1 (at Lyon-Bron, reserve unit)
* Groupe de Chasse II/1 (at Luc)
* Groupe de Chasse I/8 (at Montpellier-Fréjorgues)
* Groupe de Chasse II/8 (at Marignane)
* Groupe de Chasse II/9 (at Aulnat, reserve unit)
* Groupe de Chasse III/9 (at Salon-de-Provence)
* Groupe de Chasse I/13 (at Nîmes-Garons)
* Groupe de Chasse III/13 (at Nîmes-Garons)
;
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
:''
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the Air force, air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. It was formed towards the end of the World War I, First World War on 1 April 1918, on the merger of t ...
''
* Following the
Battle of France
The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the Nazi Germany, German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembour ...
Polish ace pilot
Zdzislaw Henneberg and his two wingmen flew their MB.152C.1s to England, the aircraft were repainted in RAF roundels and used briefly for local air defence and technical evaluation before being grounded due to a lack of spares.
Specifications (MB.152C.1)
See also
References
Citations
Bibliography
* Belcarz, Bartłomiej. ''Morane MS 406C1, Caudron Cyclone CR 714C1, Bloch MB 151/152 (Polskie Skrzydła 2)'' (in Polish), Sandomierz, Poland: Stratus, 2004. . About the use of the MB.151/152 by Polish Pilots of the Armée de l'Air.
* Botquin, Gaston. ''The Morane Saulnier 406''. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications, 1967. No ISBN.
* Breffort, Dominique and André Jouineau. ''French Aircraft from 1939 to 1942, Volume 1: from Amiot to Curtiss''. Paris, France: Histoire & Collections, 2004. .
* Brindley, John F. ''French Fighters of World War Two, Volume One''. Windsor, UK; Hylton Lacy Publishers Ltd., 1971. .
*
*
*
*
* Cristesco, Michel. ''The M.Bloch 151 & 152 (Aircraft in Profile number 201)''. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1967. No ISBN.
* Ehrengardt, Christian-Jacques with Michel Cristesco and Raymond Danel. ''Bloch 152 Spécial''. Paris, France: IPMS France, 1968.
* Green, William. ''War Planes of the Second World War, Volume One: Fighters''. London: Macdonald & Co.(Publishers) Ltd., 1960 (10th impression 1972). .
* Jackson, Robert. ''Fighter! The Story of Air Combat 1936-1945''. London, Artur Barker Limited. 1979. .
* Joanne, Serge. ''Le Bloch MB-152 (Histoire de l'aviation 13)'' (in French). Outreau, France: LELA Presse, 2003. . (In French)
* Joanne, Serge. ''Marcel Bloch 151/152''. Sandomierz, Poland/Redbourn, UK: Mushroom Model Publications, 2007. .
* Leyvastre, Pierre and Pierre Courteville. "Bloch's Fighters: the Contentious Combatants". ''
Air International
''AIR International'' is a British aviation magazine covering current defence aerospace and civil aviation topics. It has been in publication since 1971 and is currently published by Key Publishing Ltd.
History and profile
The magazine was fir ...
'', April 1978, pp. 179–189, 204–205.
* Marchand, Patrick. ''Bloch 150, 151, 152, 155, 157, 700 C1''. Le Muy, France: Les éditions d'Along, 2000. . (In French)
*
*
* Pelletier, Alain. ''French Fighters of World War II in Action (Aircraft Number 180)''. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc., 2002. .
Further reading
* Demonge, Lucien. "Le Bloch 151/152", ''Aviation Française Magazine.'' (AFM) 2005, No. 5. (Aug–Sep), pp. 38–55.
External links
*
{{Bloch aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1930s French fighter aircraft
MB.150
Aircraft first flown in 1937
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft