''Blind Injustice'' is an
opera
Opera is a form of History of theatre#European theatre, Western theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically ...
based on the stories of six people who were
wrongfully convicted of crimes in
Ohio
Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...
, and who eventually had their convictions overturned through the work of the Ohio
Innocence Project
Innocence Project, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit legal organization that works to exonerate the wrongly convicted through DNA testing and other forms of post-conviction relief, as well as advocates for criminal justice reform to prevent futur ...
.
The opera was commissioned by the
Cincinnati Opera; it was written by
librettist
A libretto (From the Italian word , ) is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical. The term ''libretto'' is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major ...
David Cote and composer Scott Davenport Richards.
The libretto was based in part on the book ''Blind Injustice'' by Ohio Innocence Project co-founder Mark Godsey, and on interviews with those whose stories are portrayed.
The opera opened at Cincinnati Opera on July 22, 2019.
Composition and premiere
Although the opera is based on Mark Godsey's
book of the same title, work on the opera began pre-publication based on a rough draft. Members of the Ohio Innocence Project (OIP) young professionals committee met in early 2017 with members of Cincinnati's Young Professional Choral Collective (YPCC) to discuss devising choral music based on OIP's work;
YPCC's founding director, KellyAnn Nelson, saw the opportunity to create something larger. Cincinnati Opera became involved and commissioned the creation of the opera.
The opera was initially workshopped in collaboration with the
University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music
A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Univ ...
(CCM).
Librettist David Cote worked with director,
dramaturge
A dramaturge or dramaturg (from Ancient Greek δραματουργός – dramatourgós) is a literary adviser or editor in a theatre, opera, or film company who researches, selects, adapts, edits, and interprets scripts, libretti, texts, and pr ...
and CCM faculty member
Robin Guarino to develop the opera's text in early 2018.
Approximately 40 percent of the libretto is drawn directly from interviews with the exonerees; their stories are at the heart of the opera.
Adjustments to the libretto were still being made in mid 2019, to reflect exonerees' civil cases for restitution.
Scott Davenport Richards's score includes elements of
jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its roots are in blues, ragtime, European harmony, African rhythmic rituals, spirituals, h ...
,
blues
Blues is a music genre and musical form that originated among African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues has incorporated spiritual (music), spirituals, work songs, field hollers, Ring shout, shouts, cha ...
,
minimalism
In visual arts, music, and other media, minimalism is an art movement that began in the post-war era in western art. The movement is often interpreted as a reaction to abstract expressionism and modernism; it anticipated contemporary post-mi ...
, and
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
.
The score was released bit by bit to the creative team throughout 2018.
In November 2018, a workshop was held to introduce some of the musical numbers to the exonerees themselves as well as collect creative feedback.
The opera, which consists of one 90-minute act,
premiered at the Wilks Studio Theatre in Cincinnati's
Music Hall
Music hall is a type of British theatrical entertainment that was most popular from the early Victorian era, beginning around 1850, through the World War I, Great War. It faded away after 1918 as the halls rebranded their entertainment as Varie ...
on July 22, 2019, directed by Robin Guarino.
The narrow stage was flanked by audience members seated on either side, giving it the intimate feel of courtroom.
The orchestra comprised members of the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra under the direction of
John Morris Russell
John Morris Russell (born June 6, 1960), also known as JMR, is an American orchestral conductor best known for his association with the Cincinnati Pops Orchestra, the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra, and thHilton Head Symphony Orchestra He lives i ...
.
Members of YPCC served as part of the chorus.
Some performances were followed by question-and-answer sessions with the real life exonerees represented in the opera.
The opera was performed in Colorado in 2023 b
Opera Theatre of the Rockiesand was performed in February 2024 a
Peak Performancesin New Jersey. In February 2025 it wil
premiere in New York Citys Lincoln Center, a production o
MasterVoices In July 2025, it will run i
Cleveland Ohio at Playhouse Square.
Roles
The main characters in the opera are all based on six real people who had been wrongfully convicted and later exonerated by the Ohio Innocence Project (OIP).
In addition to those real people, other characters are less closely based on individuals. There is a single prosecutor, who serves as the prosecutor for all of the cases, as well as a single defense attorney and one student research from the OIP, Alesha.
In order of vocal appearance:
The chorus was drawn from Cincinnati's Young Professionals Choral Collective.
Synopsis
The plot of the opera follows six people wrongfully-convicted and eventually exonerated as well as the work of the lawyers and law students working on their cases. The Prosecuting Attorney and the Defense Attorney are both based in part on Mark Godsey, co-founder of the Ohio Innocence Project, at different stages of his career. The prosecutor, representing a younger Godsey (who had been a prosecutor for the
Southern District of New York
The Southern District of New York is a federal judicial district that encompasses the counties of New York (Manhattan), Bronx, Westchester, Rockland, Putnam, Orange, Dutchess, and Sullivan.
Federal offices or agencies operating in the distri ...
), extolls his role in keeping people safe, while the defense attorney reflect an older Godsey's views on the fallibility of the judicial system.
Clarence Elkins
Clarence Arnold Elkins Sr. (born January 19, 1963) is an American man who was wrongfully convicted of the 1998 rape and murder of his mother-in-law, Judith Johnson, and the rape and assault of his wife's niece, Brooke Sutton. He was convicted s ...
was convicted of two rapes and a murder after a "flimsy identification".
Nancy Smith, a bus driver for
Head Start, was convicted on child sexual abuse charges.
Laurese Glover, Derrick Wheatt, and Eugene Johnson, known as the
East Cleveland Three, were convicted on the basis of tainted evidence and misidentification by an eyewitness; they served 20 years in prison.
Rickey Jackson served 39 years for a murder he did not commit, based on false testimony.
The opera follows their stories from the time of the alleged crime, their time in prison, the work of the Ohio Innocence Project (represented through the character of Alesha), and their eventual release from prison.
Critical reception
''Blind Injustice'' opened to positive reviews in both local and national publications. ''
The Wall Street Journal
''The Wall Street Journal'' (''WSJ''), also referred to simply as the ''Journal,'' is an American newspaper based in New York City. The newspaper provides extensive coverage of news, especially business and finance. It operates on a subscriptio ...
'' called it a "powerful piece of music theater."
National Public Radio
National Public Radio (NPR) is an American public broadcasting organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with its NPR West headquarters in Culver City, California. It serves as a national Radio syndication, syndicator to a network of more ...
's Elizabeth Kramer said "the opera's overarching call for awareness can resonate with audiences universally."
''Seen and Heard International'' noted "Richards's potent music and Cote's hard-hitting words."
''Cincinnati City Beat'' called it a "masterpiece", and declared that the only flaw was the small seating capacity, saying that the opera's powerful message deserved a broader audience.
''Blind Injustice'' has received positive feature coverage o
ABC News th
an
The New Yorker among other outlets.
References
External links
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2019 operas
One-act operas
Operas
Operas by Scott Davenport Richards
Operas set in the 21st century
Operas set in the United States
Criminal justice reform