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A blangkon ( Javanese: ) or belangkon (in
Indonesian Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago ** Indonesian ...
) is a traditional Javanese headgear worn by men and made of
batik Batik is a dyeing technique using wax Resist dyeing, resist. The term is also used to describe patterned textiles created with that technique. Batik is made by drawing or stamping wax on a cloth to prevent colour absorption during the dyein ...
fabric. There are four types of blangkons, distinguished by the shapes and regional
Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...
nese origin: Ngayogyakarta,
Surakarta Surakarta (Javanese script, Javanese: , Pegon script, Pegon: ), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese script, Javanese: ; ), is a major List of regencies and cities of Indonesia, city in Central Java, Indonesia. The city adjoins Karanganyar Reg ...
,
Kedu Kedu Residency (also known as Kedoe and Kedoo) was a colonial administrative unit in Central Java in Java, Indonesia. It contained the areas which are now the Kebumen, Wonosobo, Temanggung, Purworejo and Magelang regencies (including Magelang cit ...
, and
Banyumas Banyumas (, formerly spelled "Banjoemas") Regency is an inland regency () in the southwestern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Purwokerto, but that town no longer has a central administration and is split o ...
an.


History

It is believed that blangkon may be as old as the
Javanese script Javanese script (natively known as ''Aksara Jawa'', ''Hanacaraka'', ''Carakan'', and ''Dentawyanjana'') is one of Indonesia's traditional scripts developed on the island of Java. The script is primarily used to write the Javanese language ...
, and inspired from the
legend A legend is a genre of folklore that consists of a narrative featuring human actions, believed or perceived to have taken place in human history. Narratives in this genre may demonstrate human values, and possess certain qualities that give the ...
ary story of
Aji Saka Aji Saka is a Javanese legend that tells the story of how civilization came to Java, brought by the legendary first king of Java named Aji Saka, and the mythical story of the origin of Javanese script. Origin Aji Saka is said to have come from B ...
. In the story, Aji Saka defeated Dewata Cengkar, a
giant In folklore, giants (from Ancient Greek: ''wiktionary:gigas, gigas'', cognate wiktionary:giga-, giga-) are beings of humanoid appearance, but are at times prodigious in size and strength or bear an otherwise notable appearance. The word ''gia ...
who owned the land of
Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...
, by spreading a giant piece of headdress that could cover the entire land of Java.
Aji Saka Aji Saka is a Javanese legend that tells the story of how civilization came to Java, brought by the legendary first king of Java named Aji Saka, and the mythical story of the origin of Javanese script. Origin Aji Saka is said to have come from B ...
was also believed to be the founder of the
Javanese calendar The Javanese calendar () is the calendar of the Javanese people. It is used concurrently with two other calendars, the Gregorian calendar and the Islamic calendar. The Gregorian calendar is the official calendar of the Republic of Indonesia and c ...
. Another theory is that the use of blangkon was adopted by the Javanese due to the combined influence of local Hindu and
Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...
ic culture. The
Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
traders who entered
Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...
were people from various places, including mainland
Arab Arabs (,  , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...
and
Gujarat Gujarat () is a States of India, state along the Western India, western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the List of states and union territories ...
i regions, and the blangkon is sometimes believed to be adapted from
turban A turban (from Persian language, Persian دولبند‌, ''dolband''; via Middle French ''turbant'') is a type of headwear based on cloth winding. Featuring many variations, it is worn as customary headwear by people of various cultures. Commun ...
s; however, this is unlikely because the story of
Aji Saka Aji Saka is a Javanese legend that tells the story of how civilization came to Java, brought by the legendary first king of Java named Aji Saka, and the mythical story of the origin of Javanese script. Origin Aji Saka is said to have come from B ...
itself predates the arrival of Islam in Java.


Gallery

File: Pakaian adat jawa1.jpg, The Javanese traditional attire for men is always worn with the Blangkon and accompanied by a
Kris The kris or is a Javanese culture, Javanese asymmetrical dagger with a distinctive blade-patterning achieved through alternating laminations of iron and nickelous iron (''pamor''). The kris is famous for its distinctive wavy blade, although ma ...
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Portret van een assistent-ambtenaar te Pasoeroean TMnr 10001911.jpg, Man wearing a tied version of blangkon File:Megawati family.jpg, Fifth Indonesian president
Megawati Diah Permata Megawati Setiawati Sukarnoputri (; born 23 January 1947) is an Indonesian politician who served as the fifth president of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004 and the eighth vice president under President Abdurrahman Wahid from 1999 to 2001. ...
and her family File:Portrait of Raden Saleh, 1863 - 1866 - Rijksmuseum.jpg,
Raden Saleh Raden Saleh Sjarif Boestaman (, EYD: ; , DIN: ; 1811 – 23 April 1880) was a pioneering Romantic painter from the Dutch East Indies of Arab- Javanese ethnicity. He was considered to be the first "modern" artist from Indonesia (then the Dutc ...
, a famous Indonesian painter in the colonial era File:Ngayogyakarta-style blangkon, 2015-05-17 03.jpg, Ngayogyakarta-style blangkon File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Portret van een jongeman (lokale bestuurder) Probolinggo TMnr 10001910.jpg, Colonial young man wearing blangkon


See also

*
List of hat styles Hats have been common throughout the history of humanity, present on some of the very earliest preserved human bodies and art. Below is a list of various kinds of contemporary or traditional hat. List See also *List of headgear References ...
*
Pagri (turban) Pagri, sometimes also transliterated as pagari, is the term for turban used in the Indian subcontinent. It specifically refers to a headdress that is worn by men and women, which needs to be manually tied. Other names include ''sapho''. Clot ...
*
Tengkolok ''Tengkolok'' ( Jawi: ), also known as ''Tanjak'', ''Destar'' ( Minangkabau: ''Deta''; Kelantan-Pattani: Semutar; Brunei: Dastar) is a traditional Malay or Indonesian (Indonesia) and male headgear. It is made from long songket cloth folded an ...
*
Malaysian cultural outfits Pakaian (Jawi script, Jawi: ڤاکاين) is the term for clothing in Malaysia's Malay language, national language. It is referring to things to wear such as shirts, pants, shoes etc. Since Malaysia is a multicultural nation: Malaysian Malays, M ...
*
Culture of Malaysia The Culture of Malaysia draws on the varied cultures of the different people of Malaysia. The first people to live in the area were indigenous tribes that still remain; they were followed by the Malays, who moved there from mainland Asia in a ...
* National costume of Indonesia *
Culture of Indonesia The culture of Indonesia () has been shaped by the interplay of indigenous customs and diverse foreign influences. As the world’s largest archipelagic country, it is home to over Ethnic groups in Indonesia, 600 ethnic groups, including Austr ...


References


External links


Java Heritage - Blangkon
Hats Headgear Javanese culture Indonesian clothing {{clothing-stub