Bismuth titanate or bismuth titanium oxide is a solid inorganic compound of bismuth, titanium and

oxygen Oxygen is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group (periodic table), group in the periodic table, a highly reactivity (chemistry), reactive nonmetal (chemistry), non ...

with the

chemical formula A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as pare ...

of Bi₁₂TiO₂₀, Bi ₄Ti₃O₁₂ or Bi₂Ti₂O₇.

Synthesis

Bismuth titanate ceramics can be produced by heating a mixture of bismuth and titanium oxides. Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ forms at 730–850 °C, and melts when the temperature is raised above 875 °C, decomposing in the melt to Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ and Bi₂O₃. Millimeter-sized single crystals of Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ can be grown by the Czochralski process, from the molten phase at 880–900 °C.

Properties and applications

Bismuth titanates exhibit electrooptical effect and photorefractive effect, that is, a reversible change in the

refractive index In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is the ratio of the apparent speed of light in the air or vacuum to the speed in the medium. The refractive index determines how much the path of light is bent, or refrac ...

under applied electric field or illumination, respectively. Consequently, they have potential applications in reversible recording media for real-time

holography Holography is a technique that allows a wavefront to be recorded and later reconstructed. It is best known as a method of generating three-dimensional images, and has a wide range of other uses, including data storage, microscopy, and interfe ...

or image processing applications.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bismuth titanate Titanates Bismuth compounds Ceramic materials Piezoelectric materials Ferroelectric materials B

Synthesis

Properties and applications

See also

References