''Besleria'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of large
herb
Herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typically distingu ...
s and soft-stemmed
subshrub
A subshrub (Latin ''suffrutex'') or undershrub is either a small shrub (e.g. prostrate shrubs) or a perennial that is largely herbaceous but slightly woody at the base (e.g. garden pink and florist's chrysanthemum). The term is often interch ...
s or
shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...
s in the
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
family
Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Ges ...
. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico,
Central America
Central America is a subregion of North America. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. Central America is usually ...
,
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
, and the
West Indies
The West Indies is an island subregion of the Americas, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, which comprises 13 independent island country, island countries and 19 dependent territory, dependencies in thr ...
.
The closely related genus ''
Gasteranthus
''Gasteranthus'' is a genus of 35 species of herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. The species occur in Central America and South America, from southernmost Mexico to Bolivia.Weber & Skog (2007) Numerous spe ...
'' was previously included in ''Besleria''. The two genera have been separated on the basis of
stoma
In botany, a stoma (: stomata, from Greek language, Greek ''στόμα'', "mouth"), also called a stomate (: stomates), is a pore found in the Epidermis (botany), epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that controls the rate of gas exc ...
tal (aggregated in ''Gasteranthus'', scattered in ''Besleria'') and fruit (fleshy
capsule in ''Gasteranthus'',
berry
A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples of berries in the cul ...
in ''Besleria'') characters.
[Wiehler (1975)]
Species
176 species are accepted.
[
* '']Besleria affinis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria aggregata''
* ''Besleria amabilis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria angusta
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria angustiflora
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria arborescens
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria arbusta
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria ardens
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria aristeguitae
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria attenuata
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria aurea
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria azulensis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria barbata
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria barbensis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria barclayi
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria beltranii''
* '' Besleria boliviana''
* '' Besleria brevicalyx''
* '' Besleria brevisepala''
* '' Besleria calantha''
* ''Besleria calycina
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria campanulata''
* ''Besleria capitata
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria chiriquensis''
* ''Besleria cinnabarina
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria citrina''
* '' Besleria clivorum''
* '' Besleria cognata''
* '' Besleria columneoides''
* ''Besleria comosa
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria compta''
* '' Besleria concinna''
* '' Besleria concolor''
* ''Besleria conformis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria connata''
* ''Besleria conspecta
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria crassa
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria crassicaulis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria cuneata''
* '' Besleria cyrtanthemum''
* ''Besleria decipiens
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria deflexa''
* '' Besleria delvillarii''
* '' Besleria diabolica''
* ''Besleria discreta
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria disgrega''
* '' Besleria divaricata''
* '' Besleria duarteana''
* '' Besleria elegans''
* '' Besleria elongata''
* '' Besleria emendata''
* '' Besleria eriocalyx''
* ''Besleria fallax
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria fasciculata''
* ''Besleria fecunda
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria ferreyrae''
* '' Besleria filipes''
* '' Besleria flava''
* ''Besleria flavovirens
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria floribunda''
* ''Besleria florida
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria fluminensis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria formicaria''
* '' Besleria furva''
* ''Besleria gibbosa
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria glabra''
* '' Besleria gracilenta''
* ''Besleria grandifolia
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria heterosepala
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria hirsuta
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria hutchisonii
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria iara
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria illustris''
* '' Besleria imberbis''
* '' Besleria immitis''
* ''Besleria impressa
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria inaequalis''
* '' Besleria insolita''
* ''Besleria kalbreyeri
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria labiosa''
* ''Besleria laeta
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria lanceolata''
* '' Besleria lasiantha''
* '' Besleria laxiflora''
* '' Besleria lehmannii''
* '' Besleria leucocarpa''
* '' Besleria leucostoma''
* '' Besleria longimucronata''
* '' Besleria longipedunculata''
* '' Besleria longipes''
* ''Besleria lucida
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria lutea'' L.
* '' Besleria maasii''
* '' Besleria macahensis''
* ''Besleria macrocalyx
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria macropoda''
* '' Besleria maxima''
* '' Besleria melancholica''
* ''Besleria membranacea
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria meridionalis''
* '' Besleria microphylla''
* '' Besleria miniata''
* ''Besleria minutiflora
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria mirifica''
* '' Besleria modica''
* '' Besleria moorei''
* '' Besleria mortoniana''
* ''Besleria mucronata
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria naquenensis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria neblinae''
* '' Besleria nemorosa''
* '' Besleria nitens''
* '' Besleria notabilis''
* ''Besleria nubigena
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria obtusa''
* '' Besleria ornata''
* '' Besleria ovalifolia''
* '' Besleria ovoidea''
* ''Besleria oxyphylla
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria pallidiflora''
* '' Besleria parviflora''
* ''Besleria patrisii
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria pauciflora''
* '' Besleria pendula''
* '' Besleria penduliflora''
* '' Besleria pennellii''
* '' Besleria peruviana''
* '' Besleria petiolaris''
* '' Besleria physaloides''
* '' Besleria placita''
* '' Besleria princeps''
* '' Besleria quadrangulata''
* '' Besleria racemosa''
* '' Besleria rara''
* '' Besleria reticulata''
* '' Besleria rhytidophyllum''
* '' Besleria riparia''
* '' Besleria robusta''
* '' Besleria rosea''
* '' Besleria rotundifolia''
* '' Besleria salicifolia''
* '' Besleria santaclarensis''
* ''Besleria saxicola
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria seitzii''
* '' Besleria selloana''
* '' Besleria sieberiana''
* '' Besleria silverstoneana''
* '' Besleria solanoides''
* '' Besleria spinulosa''
* '' Besleria spissa''
* '' Besleria sprucei''
* ''Besleria standleyi
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria steyermarkiorum''
* '' Besleria stricta''
* '' Besleria strigillosa''
* '' Besleria subcarnosa''
* '' Besleria subdecurrens''
* '' Besleria subulata''
* ''Besleria symphytum
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria tambensis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria tetrangularis''
* '' Besleria trichiata''
* ''Besleria trichostegia
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria triflora''
* '' Besleria tuberculata''
* '' Besleria umbrosa''
* '' Besleria vanderwerffii''
* '' Besleria vargasii''
* '' Besleria variabilis''
* ''Besleria ventricosa
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* ''Besleria verecunda
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria vernoniana''
* '' Besleria vestita''
* '' Besleria villosa''
* ''Besleria yaracuyensis
''Besleria'' is a genus of large herbs and soft-stemmed subshrubs or shrubs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. It includes 176 species native to tropical southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.
The closely ...
''
* '' Besleria yatuana''
Footnotes
References
* Wiehler, Hans.
BESLERIA L. AND THE RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF GASTERANTHUS BENTH. (GESNERIACEAE).
Selbyana 1, no. 2 (1975): 150–56.
External links
fro
The Genera of Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae genera
Flora of the Neotropical realm
{{Gesneriaceae-stub