Bernard Hollander (1864 – 6 February 1934) was a

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

psychiatrist A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry. Psychiatrists are physicians who evaluate patients to determine whether their symptoms are the result of a physical illness, a combination of physical and mental ailments or strictly ...

and one of the main proponents of the new interest in

phrenology Phrenology is a pseudoscience that involves the measurement of bumps on the skull to predict mental traits. It is based on the concept that the Human brain, brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, specific ...

in the early 20th century.Obituary of Bernard Hollander
(

British Medical Journal ''The BMJ'' is a fortnightly peer-reviewed medical journal, published by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, which in turn is wholly-owned by the British Medical Association (BMA). ''The BMJ'' has editorial freedom from the BMA. It is one of the world ...

, 316, Feb 17, 1934.

Life and work

Hollander was born in

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

, and settled in London in 1883, where he attended King's College. After graduation he was appointed to the post of physician at the British Hospital for

Mental Disorders A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. A mental disorder is ...

and

Brain Diseases Central nervous system diseases or central nervous system disorders are a group of neurological disorders that affect the structure or function of the brain or spinal cord, which collectively form the central nervous system (CNS). These disorders ...

. Hollander was naturalized a

British citizen The primary law governing nationality in the United Kingdom is the British Nationality Act 1981, which came into force on 1 January 1983. Regulations apply to the British Islands, which include the UK itself (England, Wales, Scotland, and Nor ...

in 1894.McCabe, Joseph Ed.
A biographical dictionary of modern rationalists
' (Watts & Co.,1920) pp. 344-5. . Hollander first received critical acclaim for his ''Positive Philosophy of the Mind'' (L. N. Fowler, 1891). His main works, ''The Mental Function of the Brain'' (1901) and ''Scientific Phrenology'' (1902), are an appraisal of the teachings of

Franz Joseph Gall Franz Joseph Gall or Franz Josef Gall (; 9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiology, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain. Claimed as the founder of the pseudoscienc ...

. Hollander also introduced a quantitative approach to the phrenological diagnosis, defining a methodology for measuring the skull and comparing the measurements with statistical averages. Hollander founded the Ethological Society, and was the first editor of the ''Ethological Journal''.

Notes

Works by Hollander: *
The revival of phrenology
' (London and New York, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1901). *
Scientific Phrenology: being a practical mental science and guide to human character
' (London, Grant Richards, 1902) *
The mental symptoms of brain disease: an aid to the surgical treatment of insanity, due to injury, haemorrhage, tumours, and other circumscribed lesions of the brain
' (London, Rebman, 1910). *
Nervous disorders of men; the modern psychological conception of their causes, effects, and rational treatment
' (London, K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.

tc. TC, T.C., Tc, Tc, tc, tC, or .tc may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television * Theodore "T.C." Calvin, a character on the TV series '' Magnum, P.I.'' and its reboot * Tom Caron, American television host for New England Sports Netw ...

1916). *
Abnormal children : nervous, mischievous, precocious, and backward
' (London : K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1916) * ''In search of the soul: and the mechanism of thought, emotion, and conduct''
Volume 1Volume 2
(London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1920). *
The psychology of misconduct, vice, and crime
' (London : G. Allen & Unwin, ltd., 1922). * ''Methods and Uses of Hypnosis & Self-Hypnosis: A Treatise on the Powers of the Subconscious Mind'' (London : G. Allen & Unwin, ltd., 1928). ''About Hollander'': * Culbertson, J.C. (ed.) (1890) "The Old and New Phrenologies" ''The Cincinnati Lancet-Clinic'' vol. 63 (New Series, vol. 24)
pp. 176-177
reprinted from the ''British Medical Journal''. {{DEFAULTSORT:Hollander, Bernard 1864 births 1934 deaths Phrenologists English psychiatrists Ethologists Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United Kingdom

Life and work

Notes

Further reading