Bernard Greenberg
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Bernard S. Greenberg is a
programmer A programmer, computer programmer or coder is an author of computer source code someone with skill in computer programming. The professional titles Software development, ''software developer'' and Software engineering, ''software engineer' ...
and
computer scientist A computer scientist is a scientist who specializes in the academic study of computer science. Computer scientists typically work on the theoretical side of computation. Although computer scientists can also focus their work and research on ...
, known for his work on
Multics Multics ("MULTiplexed Information and Computing Service") is an influential early time-sharing operating system based on the concept of a single-level memory.Dennis M. Ritchie, "The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System", Communications of t ...
and the Lisp machine.


Projects

In 1978, Greenberg implemented Multics EmacsBernard S. Greenberg. ''Multics Emacs: The History, Design and Implementation'', http://www.multicians.org/mepap.htmlRichard Stallman, 1981. ''EMACS: The Extensible, Customizable Display Editor'', https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs-paper.html using
Multics Multics ("MULTiplexed Information and Computing Service") is an influential early time-sharing operating system based on the concept of a single-level memory.Dennis M. Ritchie, "The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System", Communications of t ...
Maclisp Maclisp (or MACLISP, sometimes styled MacLisp or MacLISP) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. It originated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Project MAC (from which it derived its prefix) in the late 19 ...
. The success of this effort influenced the choice of
Lisp Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized Polish notation#Explanation, prefix notation. Originally specified in the late 1950s, ...
as the basis for later versions of
Emacs Emacs (), originally named EMACS (an acronym for "Editor Macros"), is a family of text editors that are characterized by their extensibility. The manual for the most widely used variant, GNU Emacs, describes it as "the extensible, customizable, s ...
.Multics Lisp (Multics MacLisp)
(SoftwarePreservation.org)

/ref> Greenberg was involved in the design of the "New Error System" at
Symbolics Symbolics, Inc., is a privately held American computer software maker that acquired the assets of the former manufacturing company of the identical name and continues to sell and maintain the Open Genera Lisp (programming language), Lisp sy ...
, which in turn influenced the condition system adopted by ANSI
Common Lisp Common Lisp (CL) is a dialect of the Lisp programming language, published in American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard document ''ANSI INCITS 226-1994 (S2018)'' (formerly ''X3.226-1994 (R1999)''). The Common Lisp HyperSpec, a hyperli ...
.Condition System, Revision #18
by
Kent Pitman Kent M. Pitman (KMP) is a programmer who has been involved for many years in the design, implementation, and use of systems based on the programming languages Lisp and Scheme. , he has been President of HyperMeta Inc. Pitman was chair of the ad h ...
(12-Mar-88)
While working at Symbolics, Greenberg implemented the Lisp machine File System (LMFS). by
Daniel Weinreb Daniel L. Weinreb (January 6, 1959 – September 7, 2012) was an American computer scientist and programmer, with significant work in the environment of the programming language Lisp. Early life Weinreb was born on January 6, 1959, in Brooklyn, ...
In 1987, Greenberg and Sonya Keene authored RFC 1037. ''NFILE - a file access protocol''. In 1994, nycsubway.org released Greenberg's NXSYS – a design environment for, and simulator of, the control signals used by the
New York City Transit Authority The New York City Transit Authority (also known as NYCTA, the TA, or simply Transit, and branded as MTA New York City Transit) is a New York state public-benefit corporations, public-benefit corporation in the U.S. state of New York (state), New ...
’s signaling and control networks. NXSYS provides an interactive 3D view from the perspective of a
New York City Subway The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system in New York City serving the New York City boroughs, boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx. It is owned by the government of New York City and leased to the New York City Tr ...
motorman. The source code for the latest version, v2.5.1, was published t
github
on 4-Feb-2022. This version is no longer buildable for
Microsoft Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...
but the older v2.1 Windows binaries and new v2.5.1 macOS binaries are availabl
here
According t
the online documentation
the NXSYS “relay language” is a subset of
Lisp Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized Polish notation#Explanation, prefix notation. Originally specified in the late 1950s, ...
that describes subway track systems and control signal pathways; the subway simulation is actually run by the Lisp program, compiled by NXSYS, from the relay language source.NYCSubway.org
Subway Signals: A Complete Guide
Bernard S. Greenberg. ''NXSYS, Signalling and Interlocking Simulator,'' http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/NXSYS,_Signalling_and_Interlocking_Simulator#Download (Retrieved 22-Feb-2013)
Together with Thomas Milo, Greenberg is the author of Basis Technology's Arabic editor. It handles, among others, an improved version of the DMG (
Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft The (, ''German Oriental Society''), abbreviated DMG, is a scholarly organization dedicated to Oriental studies, that is, to the study of the languages and cultures of the Near East and the Far East, the broader Orient, Asia, Oceania, and Afric ...
) transcription method, which supports reversible transcription and semi-reversible transliteration for Arabic text.


References


Citations


Bibliography

* * * * * * * * * * Year of birth missing (living people) Living people American computer scientists Programming language researchers Lisp (programming language) people American computer programmers Multics people {{compu-scientist-stub