Bena Makima is a community in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, or simply the Congo (the last ambiguously also referring to the neighbouring Republic of the Congo), is a country in Central Africa. By land area, it is t ...
. It is on the right bank of the
Kasai River
The Kasai River (, ; called Cassai in Angola) is a left bank tributary of the Congo River, located in Central Africa. The river begins in central Angola and flows to the east until it reaches the border between Angola and the Democratic Republ ...
, a few kilometers downstream from the point where the
Lulua River
Lulua River (French: ''Rivière Lulua''; Dutch: ''Lulua Rivier'') is a river in the Congo Basin in Africa situated in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is a right tributary of the Kasai River
The Kasai River (, ; called Cassai in Angola) ...
enters the Kasai.
It is at the highest navigable point on the Kasai in the dry season.
Bena Makima was situated within the territory of the
Kuba Kingdom
The Kuba Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Bakuba or Bushongo, is a traditional kingdom in Central Africa. The Kuba Kingdom flourished between the 17th and 19th centuries in the region bordered by the Sankuru River, Sankuru, Lulua Rive ...
. It was a post of the
Compagnie du Kasai
The Compagnie du Kasai (Kasai Company) was a Belgian company established to exploit the resources of the Kasai River basin in the Congo Free State.
At first it was mainly involved in harvesting wild rubber, but later moved into palm oil and mining ...
(CK).
The post was a trading center, one of the locations to which the
Zappo Zap
The Zappo Zaps were a group of Songye people from the eastern Kasaï region in what today is the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They acted as allies of the Congo Free State authorities, while trading in ivory, rubber and slaves.
In 1899 they w ...
s brought their ivory and rubber.
Early in the 1900s a residence of the Catholic
Prefecture Apostolic of Upper Kassai was established at Bena Makima.
[Catholic Encyclopedia]
The Presbyterian missionaries led by
William Morrison had asked to be allowed to establish a mission there, but were refused.
The company began a rubber plantation at Bena Makima in October 1904. In a unique arrangement, four missionaries of the order of
Scheut fathers took charge of planting rubber and of gathering wild rubber in exchange for having their goods transported at no charge on the steamer from
Kinshasa
Kinshasa (; ; ), formerly named Léopoldville from 1881–1966 (), is the Capital city, capital and Cities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kinshasa is one of the world's fastest-grow ...
to
Luebo
Luebo or Lwebo is a town (officially a Communes of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, commune) of Kasai Province in south-central Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is also the seat of the Luebo Territory, territory of the same name. As of 2 ...
.
The missionaries ran the plantation using bonded Luba laborers, former slaves from eastern and central Kasai who had recently been liberated.
On 5 November 1904 the post was attacked by the Kuba.
The Europeans managed to drive off the attackers with the help of their foreign workers, and were relieved on 9 November by soldiers of the
Force Publique
The ''Force Publique'' (, "Public Force"; ) was the military of the Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo from 1885 to 1960. It was established after Belgian Army officers travelled to the Free State to found an armed force in the colony on L ...
led by De Cock and Hubin, who arrived from the east.
With construction of the railway Bena Makima lost its importance as a transshipment point in the dry season, and after 1928 became less and less important.
References
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Populated places in Kasaï Province