Beijing Hongxing Co. Ltd (), commonly known as "Hongxing" () is a

baijiu ''Baijiu'' (), or ''shaojiu'' (), is a colorless Chinese liquor typically coming in between 35% and 60% alcohol by volume (ABV). Each type of baijiu uses its own type of ''qū'' for fermentation to create a distinct and characteristic flavo ...

distillery in

Beijing, China Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as ...

. The distillery is best known for producing an iconic, low-cost erguotou baijiu, a variety of qingxiang (清香; "light aroma") baijiu which is the most popular baijiu sold in the Chinese capital city.

History

The origin of erguotou dates back to 1680 when the three Zhou brothers, as the heads of the Yuanshenghao distillery, developed the technique after noticing that as the condenser of the still needed cooling, it was the product resulting from the second of three pots of cooling water that produced the finest product. It was after this process that the style was named "Er-Guo-Tou"(二锅头; "Second-Pot-Head"). During the

Chinese Civil War The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government, government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermitt ...

the seeds of Beijing Hongxing were sewn when the People's Republic banned the private production and sale of liquor and implemented a state monopoly on production. In May of that year, the "North China Liquor Company" (later renamed Beijing Distillery) was founded, merging 12 distilleries in the region, become the first state owned distillery in the newly founded People's Republic, and becoming the sole legal producer of erguotou baijiu. The first batch of erguotou was produced in September and named Hong Xing (红星;"Red Star") in honor of the founding of the republic. The soon to be iconic label was designed by a Japanese Red Army enlistee named Sakurai. Hongxing became one of the first trademarks registered in the nation in 1951 and demand for the drink only grew. In 1965, in an attempt to keep up with demand, and to keep prices low and accessible in accordance with the directions of then

premier Premier is a title for the head of government in central governments, state governments and local governments of some countries. A second in command to a premier is designated as a deputy premier. A premier will normally be a head of govern ...

Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai ( zh, s=周恩来, p=Zhōu Ēnlái, w=Chou1 Ên1-lai2; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was a Chinese statesman, diplomat, and revolutionary who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China from September 1954 unti ...

Beijing Honxing took over management of 19 distilleries in the surrounding region where production of erguotou baijiu could be expanded into. Eventually, Beijing Hongxing relinquished the trademark for the exclusive use of the term "erguotou" in 1981. Throughout these years however, Beijing Hongxing retains the legacy of the Zhou brothers that had originally developed erguotou as Ai Jinzhong, the 9th generation descendent of the Zhou brothers serves as director of production. Today Beijing Hongxing continues to hold an iconic place in Chinese drinking culture and due to its low cost is seen as a popular working class spirit.

References

{{authority control Chinese distilled drinks Baijiu Beijing cuisine Distilleries Chinese brands Drink companies of China Companies based in Beijing Government-owned companies of China 1949 in Beijing