The Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve ( pt, Reserva Extrativista Marinha da Baía do Iguape) is a marine

extractive reserve An extractive reserve ( pt, Reserva Extrativista or RESEX) is a type of sustainable use protected area in Brazil. The land is publicly owned, but the people who live there have the right to traditional extractive practices, such as hunting, fishin ...

in the state of

Bahia Bahia ( , , ; meaning "bay") is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region of the country. It is the fourth-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro) and the 5th-largest ...

, Brazil. As of 2002 the reserve supported about 5,000 people engaged in fishing and shellfish collection.

Location

The Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve is divided between the municipalities of

Cachoeira Cachoeira ( Portuguese, meaning waterfall) is an inland municipality of Bahia, Brazil, on the Paraguaçu River. The town exports sugar, cotton, and tobacco and is a thriving commercial and industrial centre. The municipality contains 56% of the ...

(56.37%) and Maragogipe (39.48%) in the state of Bahia. It covers . It covers the long and narrow Iguape Bay at the mouth of the

Paraguaçu River The Paraguaçu River () is a river in Bahia state of eastern Brazil. It runs from the Chapada Diamantina highlands of central Bahia to its mouth at the Baía de Todos os Santos. The Paraguaçu is the largest river entirely within Bahia. Its b ...

which empties into the

Bay of All Saints The Bay of All Saints ( pt, Baía de Todos os Santos), also known as All Saints' Bay and Todos os Santos Bay, is the principal bay of the Brazilian state of Bahia, to which it gave its name. It sits on the eastern coast of Brazil, surrounding p ...

(Baia de Todos os Santos).

Economy

As of 2002 there were about 900 families with 4,960 people involved in fishing and gathering shellfish in the bay. Fishing is mainly done by men and shellfish collection by women and children. Shrimps, fish, oysters and mussels are harvested, sorted, in some cases smoked, and sold to middlemen who take the product to

Salvador Salvador, meaning " salvation" (or "saviour") in Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese may refer to: * Salvador (name) Arts, entertainment, and media Music * Salvador (band), a Christian band that plays both English and Spanish music ** ''Salvador'' ...

. Other economic activities include agriculture, crafts, and more recently fish farming. Earnings are generally well above the minimum wage. As of 1998 only 4% of the population had high school education and 28% were illiterate. As of 2009 the state government had selected the extreme south of the reserve as the site for a naval centre, and was proceeding with implementation. The local communities had not been consulted. The project was justified on the basis of creating jobs, but negative social impacts had not been considered.

History

The Baía do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve was created by presidential decree on 11 August 2000. When created it had an area of about of which were land and mangroves, and were inland waters. It became part of the Central Atlantic Forest Ecological Corridor, created in 2002. It is classed as

IUCN protected area category IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The enlisting of such areas is part ...

VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources). The objective is to protect an area used by traditional extractive populations whose livelihood is based on extraction, subsistence agriculture and raising small animals, to protect the livelihoods and culture of these populations, and to ensure sustainable use of natural resources. Law 12058 of 13 October 2009 amended the limits, defining an area of about with a perimeter of about . The deliberative council was created by ICMBio on 16 October 2009 with representatives of government agencies and the extractive communities. The reserve was recognised on 14 May 2014 for

PRONAF The agriculture of Brazil is historically one of the principal bases of Economy of Brazil, Brazil's economy. While its initial focus was on sugarcane, Brazil eventually became the world's largest exporter of coffee, soybeans, beef, and crop-bas ...

purpose as covering 1,500 extractive families.

Notes

Sources

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Baia do Iguape Marine Extractive Reserve 2000 establishments in Brazil Marine extractive reserves of Brazil Protected areas of Bahia Protected areas established in 2000