Bayil (; also known as Bailov and Bailovo) is a settlement in

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...

Geography

In March 2000, a major

landslide Landslides, also known as landslips, rockslips or rockslides, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, mudflows, shallow or deep-seated slope failures and debris flows. Landslides ...

in the Bayil slope destroyed dozens of shops, apartments and gas stations. The slope in later years also experienced few minor landslides which led Baku City Administration to examine the area and make a final decision on razing houses in this territory. Neighborhoods are largely composed of block after block of picturesque

rowhouse A terrace, terraced house ( UK), or townhouse ( US) is a type of medium-density housing which first started in 16th century Europe with a row of joined houses sharing side walls. In the United States and Canada these are sometimes known as row ...

s and a few mansions, hotels and some office buildings.

History

In 1235,

Shirvanshah The Shirvanshahs (Arabic/) were the rulers of Shirvan (in present-day Azerbaijan) from 861 to 1538. The first ruling line were the Yazidids, an originally Arab and later Persianized dynasty, who became known as the Kasranids (also referred t ...

Fariburzom III on one of the Bayil Bay has been constructed building, later named Sabayil Castle. The area also called ''Shahri Saba'', ''Shahri nau'', underwater city, a caravanserai and ''Bayil stones''. In 1858, Marine Administration of

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

began construction of municipality on local admiralty's drafts. On 6 May 1868 in Cape Bayil, in the presence of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia, was founded five-domed church. The first residential areas in the Bayil formed along the pilgrimage road passes on Bayil cape and leading to the Bibi-Heybat Mosque. Development of the Black City and the discovery of oilfields in the

Bibiheybət Bibiheybət (also, Bibiheybat, Bibiheibat, Bibi-Heybat, Bibi-Heibat; formerly known as Khanlar, Euwbet, Helenendorf, and Shikhovo) is a municipality in Baku, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,451. In 1846, the Russians drilled an exploratory oi ...

stimulated the expansion of Bayil in the direction of Baku. By the late 19th century, residential part of the occupied steep slopes and developed in the direction of the city, which went beyond the boundaries of their land and merged with the surrounding areas, with the center Bayil was kept in the Baku International Sea Trade Port area. Despite the extensive construction in the direction of Baku and economic relationship with the capital, Bayil until 1912 remained legally independent maritime province. In 1900,

Leonid Krasin Leonid Borisovich Krasin (; – 24 November 1926) was a Russians, Russian Soviet Union, Soviet politician, engineer, social entrepreneur, Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet diplomat. In 1924 he became the first List of ambassadors of Russia to ...

arrived to the Bayil at the invitation of the Robert Classon. He became deputy head of the construction of the Bayil

Thermal power station A thermal power station, also known as a thermal power plant, is a type of power station in which the heat energy generated from various fuel sources (e.g., coal, natural gas, nuclear fuel, etc.) is converted to electrical energy. The heat ...

and controlled it after completion of construction until 1904. In 2010, restoration works are held at the Bayil stadium with 3000 attendance after

Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan The Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan (AFFA; ) is the governing body of football in Azerbaijan. Formed in 1992, it is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. AFFA is a member o ...

's proposal to increase popularity in Baku. In 2011, government unveiled restored Gafur Mammadov park on

Victory Day Victory Day is a commonly used name for public holidays in various countries, where it commemorates a nation's triumph over a hostile force in a war or the liberation of a country from hostile occupation. In many cases, multiple countries may ob ...

Landmarks

Bayil is the site of National Flag Square. Confirmed by the

Guinness Book of Records ''Guinness World Records'', known from its inception in 1955 until 1999 as ''The Guinness Book of Records'' and in previous United States editions as ''The Guinness Book of World Records'', is a British reference book published annually, listi ...

, the flag flies on a pole 162 meters high and measures 70 by 35 meters, which made it at the time the world's highest flag.

Baku Crystal Hall Baku Crystal Hall ( Azerbaijani: ''Bakı Kristal Zalı'') is an indoor arena in Baku, Azerbaijan. It is located on the coast of Baku near National Flag Square. Construction of the arena began in August 2011 and finished in April 2012in time for ...

, which hosted

Eurovision Song Contest 2012 The Eurovision Song Contest 2012 was the 57th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, following the country's victory at the with the song "Running Scared (Ell & Nikki song), Running Scared" by Ell & Nikki, El ...

, is located next to it. The development of the area replaced another landmark, Bayil prison – one of the

's and

USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

's strictest prisons and the same prison in which

Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General Secret ...

was kept in the early years of the 20th century by the Tsarist authorities because of his criminal activities in Baku, organizing oil worker strikes. Another famous inmate was

Andrey Vyshinsky Andrey Yanuaryevich Vyshinsky (; ) ( – 22 November 1954) was a Soviet politician, jurist and diplomat. He is best known as a Procurator General of the Soviet Union, state prosecutor of Joseph Stalin's Moscow Trials and in the Nuremberg trial ...

, who was imprisoned for revolutionary activities and where he first met Stalin.Arkady Vaksberg, ''The Prosecutor and the Prey: Vyshinsky and the 1930s Moscow Show Trials'' (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1990), pp. 15-21. The former "Intourist" hotel, opened in 1934, has been Baku's favorite place for 70 years of operation. Even in the 1950s and 1960s, the most famous hotel in Baku was "Intourist". The new hotel, Sheraton Baku Intourist which was completed in 2015, attracts attention with its unique architectural structure, while keeping alive the memories of the old "Intourist". The area also contains the main naval base of the Azerbaijani Navy.

Education

;Public schools * № 3 Baku School (1st Grade – 11th Grade) * №49 Baku School (1st Grade – 11th Grade) * №91 Baku School (1st Grade – 11th Grade) * №163 Baku School (1st Grade – 11th Grade) * №203 Baku School (1st Grade – 11th Grade)

Transportation

E119 Highway by pass Bayil. The Bayil Metro Station is planned in this area by

Baku Metro Baku Metro () is a rapid transit system serving Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. First opened on 6 November 1967 when Azerbaijan was part of the Soviet Union, its features are typical of former Soviet Union, Soviet systems, including very deep ...

in the future.

Notable residents

* Eyyub Yaqubov, singer. * Fuad Viento, writer.

References

External links

* {{Baku Populated places in Baku