The Bayad (

Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...

: Баяд/Bayad, ''lit. "the Riches"'') is the fourth largest subgroup of

Mongol people The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member o ...

in modern

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 millio ...

and they are a tribe in Four Oirats. Baya'ud were a prominent clan within the

Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous land empire in history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe ...

. Baya'ud can be found in both Mongolic and Turkic peoples. Within Mongols, the clan is spread through

Khalkha The Khalkha ( Mongolian: mn, Халх, Halh, , zh, 喀爾喀) have been the largest subgroup of Mongol people in modern Mongolia since the 15th century. The Khalkha, together with Chahars, Ordos and Tumed, were directly ruled by Borjigin khans ...

Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Its border includes most of the length of China's border with the country of Mongolia. Inner Mongolia also accounts for ...

ns,

Buryats The Buryats ( bua, Буряад, Buryaad; mn, Буриад, Buriad) are a Mongolic ethnic group native to southeastern Siberia who speak the Buryat language. They are one of the two largest indigenous groups in Siberia, the other being the Ya ...

and

Oirats Oirats ( mn, Ойрад, ''Oirad'', or , Oird; xal-RU, Өөрд; zh, 瓦剌; in the past, also Eleuths) are the westernmost group of the Mongols whose ancestral home is in the Altai Mountains, Altai region of Siberia, Xinjiang and western M ...

History

The clan name Baya'ud appears among the Mongols, while the ethnonym Bayid appears in Central Siberia. Only the latter appears to be connected to the modern Bayad people of western Mongolia. A common clan name does not mean common origin , the clan names Bayad and Baya’ud are differentiated. The Bayads appear to be Siberian peoples subjugated by the Dorbod tribe of the Oirats. Like all the Oirat tribes, the Bayads were not a consanguineal unit but a political-ethnographic one, formed of at least 40 different yasu, or patrilineages, of the most diverse origins. It is also mentioned that the Bayads are presumably of Siberian Turkic origin, as the Bayad clan name is attested in Siberia from early times.

Notable members

Köke Temür Köke Temür (; Mongolian: ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ, Köketemür, Хөхтөмөр; died 1375), sinicized name Wang Baobao (), was a prominent general of the Yuan dynasty of China. History He was born in Henan province. His paternal line orig ...

- general of the

Yuan dynasty The Yuan dynasty (), officially the Great Yuan (; xng, , , literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongols, Mongol-led Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after Division of the M ...

* Bulughan Khatun - favorite wife of Ilkhan

Abagha Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, mn, Абаха/Абага хан ( Khalkha Cyrillic), ( Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (''Ilkhan'') of the Ilkhanate. The son of H ...

Kököchin Kököchin, also Kökejin, Kūkājīn, Cocacin or Cozotine ( Mn: , Ch: ), was a 13th-century princess of the Mongol-led Chinese Yuan dynasty, belonging to the Mongol Bayaut tribe. In 1291, she was betrothed to the Ilkhanate khan Arghun by the Y ...

- principal wife of Ilkhan

Ghazan Mahmud Ghazan (5 November 1271 – 11 May 1304) (, Ghazan Khan, sometimes archaically spelled as Casanus by the Westerners) was the seventh ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division in modern-day Iran from 1295 to 1304. He was the son of A ...

, who was escorted from

Khanbaliq Khanbaliq or Dadu of Yuan () was the winter capital of the Yuan dynasty of China in what is now Beijing, also the capital of the People's Republic of China today. It was located at the center of modern Beijing. The Secretariat directly admi ...

(Beijing) to Persia by Marco Polo * Givaan the Hero of the People's Republic of Mongolia * Jambyn Batmönkh - a

n communist political leader, in 1984 - 1990 head of Mongolia. * Khorloogiin Bayanmönkh -

n best wrestler of the 20th century in

Mongolian wrestling Mongolian wrestling, known as Bökh (Mongolian script: ; Mongolian Cyrillic: Бөх or Үндэсний бөх), is the folk wrestling style of Mongols in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and other regions where touching the ground with anything other t ...

and 1975 freestyle wrestling world champion. * Norovyn Altankhuyag -

Prime Minister of Mongolia The Prime Minister of Mongolia () is the head of government of Mongolia and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by the Mongolian parliament or the State Great Hural, and can be removed by the parliament with a vote of no ...

, 2012–2014

Democratic Party (Mongolia) The Democratic Party ( mn, Ардчилсан Нам, ''Ardchilsan Nam'') is a Centre-right politics, centre-right political party in Mongolia. History Founding and early years After the 1990 Democratic Revolution in Mongolia, 1990 democrati ...

Mishigiin Sonompil Mishigiin Sonompil ( mn, Мишигийн Сономпил; born 1965) is a Mongolian politician who was Mongolia's Minister for Defense from January 2006 to December 2007. Early life and education Mishigiin Sonompil was born in Tes sum, Uvs ...

- Member of Parliament

Modern demographics

Today, Bayads are settled in the districts of Khyargas,

Malchin Malchin () is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It offers some notable landmarks, such as two Brick Gothic town gates, a medieval defense tower, the Gothic town church of St. Johannis a ...

, Tes, Züüngovi, Baruunturuun and Naranbulag in the province of

Uvs Uvs (; mn, Увс аймаг, Uws aimag, ; xal, Увс әәмг, Uws äämg, ), is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located in the west of the country, away from the national capital Ulaanbaatar. Its capital is Ulaangom whi ...

. According to the census taken in 2000, 50,824 Bayads currently live in Mongolia.Хойт С.К. Последние данные по локализации и численности ойрат // Проблемы этногенеза и этнической культуры тюрко-монгольских народов. Вып. 2. Элиста: Изд-во КГУ, 2008. с. 136-157. - in Russian
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References

Literature

* [hamagmongol.narod.ru/library/khoyt_2008_r.htm Хойт С.К. Антропологические характеристики калмыков по данным исследователей XVIII-XIX вв. // Вестник Прикаспия: археология, история, этнография. № 1. Элиста: Изд-во КГУ, 2008. с. 220-243.] * [hamagmongol.narod.ru/library/khoyt_2012_r.htm Хойт С.К. Калмыки в работах антропологов первой половины XX вв. // Вестник Прикаспия: археология, история, этнография. № 3, 2012. с. 215-245.]

History

Notable members

Modern demographics

References

Literature

See also