''Bartsia'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s in the family Orobanchaceae.

Etymology

''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

, and the genus has been sometimes spelt as ''Bartschia''. ''Starbia'', an anagram of ''Bartsia'', is another genus of Orobanchaceae, synonym of '' Alectra''.

Phylogeny

The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Bartsia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (e.g. '' B. alpina'') is the sister genus to '' Odontites'', '' Bellardia'', '' Tozzia'', '' Hedbergia'', and '' Euphrasia''.

Classification

In 1990, the genus was revised to contain 49 species; 45 of them are endemic to the

Andes The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...

. The most familiar species might be the well-studied '' Bartsia alpina'', which has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout northern regions of the Northern Hemisphere. There are also two afromontane species, restricted to the mountains of northeastern Africa: ''Bartsia decurva'' and ''Bartsia longiflora''. These two plants, ''B. alpina'', and the many Andean species are three distinct lineages, making the genus

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...

. As a solution to the problem of ''Bartsia'' polyphyly, two taxonomic adjustments have been proposed. # All South American species are reclassified into the new genus ''Neobartsia''. This new name keeps traceability with ''Bartsia'' while incorporating information about its New World distribution (in

ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

, , i.e. , means 'new'). # The two African species ''Bartsia decurva'' and ''Bartsia longiflora'' are reclassified into the existing genus ''Hedbergia''. Accepted species names include the following taxa classified according to geographic distribution groups.

Europe

* '' Bartsia alpina'' L. – velvetbells

Mediterranean Basin

* '' Bartsia trixago'' L. (='' Bellardia trixago'' (L.) All.)

Northeastern Africa

* '' Hedbergia decurva'', synonym of ''Bartsia decurva'' Hochst. ''ex'' Benth. * '' Hedbergia longiflora'', synonym of ''Bartsia longiflora'' Hochst. ''ex'' Benth.

Andean South America

* ''

Bartsia acuminata ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associa ...

'' Pursh * ''

Bartsia altissima ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate ...

'' Rusby * '' Bartsia anomala'' Edwin * '' Bartsia asperrima'' ( Link) Samp. * '' Bartsia aurea'' Edwin * '' Neobartsia adenophylla'' ( Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia alba'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia aprica'' ( Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia australis'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia bartsioides'' ( Hook.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia camporum'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia canescens'' ( Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia chilensis'' ( Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crenata'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crenoloba'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crisafullii'' (N.H.Holmgren) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia diffusa'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia elachophylla'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia elongata'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia fiebrigii'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia filiformis'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia flava'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia glandulifera'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia inaequalis'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia integrifolia'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia jujuyensis'' (Cabrera & Botta) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia laniflora'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia laticrenata'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia lydiae'' (Sylvester) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia melampyroides'' ( Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia mutica'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia orthocarpiflora'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia patens'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pauciflora'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pedicularoides'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia peruviana'' ( Walp.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pumila'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pyricarpa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia ramosa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia remota'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia rigida'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia santolinifolia'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia sericea'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia serrata'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia stricta'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia strigosa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tenuis'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia thiantha'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tomentosa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia trichophylla'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tricolor'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia weberbaueri'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q162488 Orobanchaceae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Parasitic plants Taxa described in 1753