''Bartsia'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...

s in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland.

Etymology

''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of

Königsberg Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was na ...

. The plant was named for him by his associate

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, ...

, and the genus has been sometimes spelt as ''Bartschia''. ''Starbia'', an anagram of ''Bartsia'', is another genus of Orobanchaceae, synonym of '' Alectra''.

Phylogeny

The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Bartsia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (e.g. '' B. alpina'') is the sister genus to '' Odontites'', '' Bellardia'', '' Tozzia'', '' Hedbergia'', and '' Euphrasia''.

Classification

In 1990, the genus was revised to contain 49 species; 45 of them are

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found els ...

to the

Andes The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range is long, wide (widest between 18°S – 20°S ...

. The most familiar species might be the well-studied ''

Bartsia alpina ''Bartsia alpina'' is a species of perennial flowering plant, known by the common name alpine bartsia or velvetbells. It is found in the mountainous regions of Europe and also occurs in Iceland, Greenland and north‐eastern Canada. Description ...

'', which has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout northern regions of the Northern Hemisphere. There are also two afromontane species, restricted to the mountains of northeastern Africa: ''Bartsia decurva'' and ''Bartsia longiflora''. These two plants, ''B. alpina'', and the many Andean species are three distinct lineages, making the genus

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of conver ...

. As a solution to the problem of ''Bartsia'' polyphyly, two taxonomic adjustments have been proposed. # All South American species are reclassified into the new genus ''Neobartsia''. This new name keeps traceability with ''Bartsia'' while incorporating information about its New World distribution (in

ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic p ...

, , i.e. , means 'new'). # The two African species ''Bartsia decurva'' and ''Bartsia longiflora'' are reclassified into the existing genus ''Hedbergia''. Accepted species names include the following taxa classified according to geographic distribution groups.

Europe

* ''

'' L. – velvetbells

Mediterranean Basin

* '' Bartsia trixago'' L.

Northeastern Africa

* '' Hedbergia decurva'', synonym of ''Bartsia decurva'' Hochst. ''ex'' Benth. * '' Hedbergia longiflora'', synonym of ''Bartsia longiflora'' Hochst. ''ex'' Benth.

Andean South America

* '' Bartsia acuminata'' Pursh * '' Bartsia altissima''

Rusby Rusby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Cameron Rusby Vice-Admiral Sir Cameron Rusby (20 February 1926 – 6 September 2013) was a Royal Navy officer who served as Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic. Naval career ...

* ''

Bartsia anomala ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' Edwin * ''

Bartsia asperrima ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' ( Link) Samp. * ''

Bartsia aurea ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' Edwin * ''

Neobartsia adenophylla ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (

Molau Molau is a village and a former municipality in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Molauer Land Molauer Land is a municipality in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxo ...

) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia alba'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia aprica ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' ( Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia australis ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia bartsioides ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' ( Hook.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia camporum'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia canescens ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (

Wedd. Hugh Algernon Weddell (22 June 1819 – 22 July 1877) was a physician and botanist, specialising in South American flora. Weddell was born at Birches House, Painswick near Gloucester, England but was raised in France and educated ...

) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia chilensis'' (

Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crenata'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia crenoloba ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crisafullii'' (N.H.Holmgren) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia diffusa ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia elachophylla'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia elongata ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia fiebrigii'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia filiformis ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia flava ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia glandulifera'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia inaequalis ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia integrifolia ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia jujuyensis'' (Cabrera & Botta) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia laniflora ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia laticrenata'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia lydiae'' (Sylvester) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia melampyroides ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' ( Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia mutica ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia orthocarpiflora'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia patens ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia pauciflora ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pedicularoides'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia peruviana'' ( Walp.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pumila'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia pyricarpa ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was nam ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia ramosa ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia remota'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia rigida ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia santolinifolia ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was name ...

'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia sericea ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia serrata ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia stricta ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia strigosa ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tenuis'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia thiantha'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tomentosa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia trichophylla ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia tricolor ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''

Neobartsia weberbaueri ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was na ...

'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q162488 Orobanchaceae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Parasitic plants Taxa described in 1753