''Bartrumella'' is a small

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of miniature sea snails, pyramidellid gastropod

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...

s or

micromollusk A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...

s in the family

Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae, common name the pyram family, or pyramid shells, is a voluminous taxonomic family of mostly small and minute ectoparasitic sea snails, marine heterobranch gastropod molluscs. The great majority of species of pyrams are micr ...

within the tribe

Chrysallidini Chrysallidinae is a taxonomic group of very small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. Taxonomy Chrysallidinae has been one of eleven recognized subfamilies of the gastropod family ...

(sensu taxonomy by Bouchet & Roctroi, 2005).

Etymology

The genus is named after Professor and Mrs.

John Arthur Bartrum John Arthur Bartrum (24 May 1885 – 7 June 1949) was a New Zealand geologist and university professor. He was born in Geraldine, South Canterbury South Canterbury is the area of the Canterbury Region of the South Island of New Zealand bounded ...

(1885–1949), of

Takapuna Takapuna is a suburb located on the North Shore of Auckland, New Zealand. The suburb is situated at the beginning of a south-east-facing peninsula forming the northern side of the Waitematā Harbour. While very small in terms of population, it ...

Auckland Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The most populous urban area in the country and the fifth largest city in Oceania, Auckland has an urban population of about I ...

Shell description

The shell of ''Bartrumella'' is high spired with a well-developed

columellar Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

lamella, which gives the appearance of a tooth in the aperture. There are axial ribs and fine spiral sculpture in the form of raised intercostal threads which are only visible through a

hand lens A magnifying glass is a convex lens that is used to produce a magnified image of an object. The lens is usually mounted in a frame with a handle. A magnifying glass can be used to focus light, such as to concentrate the sun's radiation to crea ...

microscope A microscope () is a laboratory instrument used to examine objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. Microscopy is the science of investigating small objects and structures using a microscope. Microscopic means being invisibl ...

. The spiral sculpture is present on all

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral d ...

and on the base. This sculpture is stronger towards the

apical Apical means "pertaining to an apex". It may refer to: * Apical ancestor, refers to the last common ancestor of an entire group, such as a species (biology) or a clan (anthropology) *Apical (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features l ...

side of the whorls, and in that area there are nodules where the spiral and axial sculpture cross. The axial sculpture evanesces gradually on the base. The

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also calle ...

is intorted (planorboid). The original description of the genus and type species can be found at

and a

Distribution

The genus has so far only been recorded from

New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 List of islands of New Zealand, smaller islands. It is the ...

and other surrounding minor islands and land masses.

Life history

Very little is known about the biology of the members of this genus. As is true of most members of the

sensu lato ''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular c ...

'', they are most likely to be

ectoparasite Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson ha ...

Species

Species within the genus ''Bartrumella'' include: * ''

Bartrumella kaawaensis ''Bartrumella kaawaensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae, common name the pyram family, or pyramid shells, is a voluminous taxonomic family of mostly small and minute ectopar ...

'' Laws, 1940 - type species * ''

Bartrumella waitakereensis ''Bartrumella'' is a small genus of miniature sea snails, pyramidellid gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pyramidellidae within the tribe Chrysallidini (sensu taxonomy by Bouchet & Roctroi, 2005). Etymology The genus is named af ...

References

External links

''Bartrumella kaawaensil'' illustration of type species
{{Taxonbar, from=Q4865797 Pyramidellidae