Baron Neville or Nevill was a title of nobility in England, relating to and held by the

Neville family The House of Neville or Nevill family (originally FitzMaldred) is a noble house of early medieval origin, which was a leading force in English politics in the Late Middle Ages. The family became one of the two major powers in northern England and ...

, a noble house in

northern England Northern England, or the North of England, refers to the northern part of England and mainly corresponds to the Historic counties of England, historic counties of Cheshire, Cumberland, County Durham, Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmo ...

. The Nevilles had their

family seat A family seat, sometimes just called seat, is the principal residence of the landed gentry and aristocracy. The residence usually denotes the social, economic, political, or historic connection of the family within a given area. Some families t ...

at the manor of Raby (turned into

Raby Castle Raby Castle () is a medieval castle located near Staindrop in County Durham, England, among of deer park. It was built by John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby, between approximately 1367 and 1390. Cecily Neville, the mother of the Kings Ed ...

in the 14th century) in

County Durham County Durham, officially simply Durham, is a ceremonial county in North East England.UK General Acts 1997 c. 23Lieutenancies Act 1997 Schedule 1(3). From legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 6 April 2022. The county borders Northumberland and Tyne an ...

, and so were called barons "Neville of Raby". The title was first held as a barony by tenure (the Nevilles being

feudal baron A feudal baron is a vassal holding a heritable fief called a ''barony'', comprising a specific portion of land, granted by an overlord in return for allegiance and service. Following the end of European feudalism, feudal baronies have largely be ...

s of Raby), and was afterwards created twice (in 1295 and 1459) by

writ of summons A writ of summons is a formal document issued by the monarch that enables someone to sit in a Parliament under the United Kingdom's Westminster system. At the beginning of each new Parliament, each person who has established their right to attend ...

parliament In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

. The Neville barony of Raby came to existence in the 13th century, by the marriage of Robert fitz Meldred, lord of Raby, to Isabel de Neville, the heiress of a family of

Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 9th and 10th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norma ...

origin. Their son, Geoffrey fitz Robert, adopted his mother's surname 'Neville' and inherited from his father the feudal barony of Raby, becoming the first "Baron Neville of Raby". The barony by writ was created when Geoffrey de Neville's great-grandson, Ranulph, the third baron, was summoned to parliament on 24 June 1295, whereby he is held to have become 'Lord Neville' (of Raby). It was created once again, on 20 November 1459, for John Neville, a younger scion of the family (he did not own Raby castle and so was simply called "Lord Neville"). His son

Ralph Ralph (pronounced or ) is a male name of English origin, derived from the Old English ''Rædwulf'' and Old High German ''Radulf'', cognate with the Old Norse ''Raðulfr'' (''rað'' "counsel" and ''ulfr'' "wolf"). The most common forms are: * Ra ...

later inherited the earldom of Westmorland together with the two previous creations of the barony. The titles remained merged until the

attainder In English criminal law, attainder was the metaphorical "stain" or "corruption of blood" which arose from being condemned for a serious capital crime (felony or treason). It entailed losing not only one's life, property and hereditary titles, but ...

Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland (18 August 154216 November 1601) was an English nobleman, politician and Roman Catholic rebel leader, who led the Rising of the North against Elizabeth I in 1569. After the failure of the Rising, he fled ...

, in 1571, wherein the barony of Neville became extinct.

Feudal barons of Raby (barony by tenure)

* Geoffrey de Neville, 1st Baron Neville of Raby (d.c. 1242) * Robert de Neville, 2nd Baron Neville (d. 1282), son of preceding * Ranulph Neville, 3rd Baron Neville (1262–1331), grandson of preceding – created Baron Neville by

to parliament ''For further succession, see below''

Barons Neville of Raby (1295)

* Ranulph Neville, 1st (or 3rd) Baron Neville (1262–1331) – 3rd baron by tenure, 1st baron by writ * Ralph Neville, 2nd (or 4th) Baron Neville (c. 1291–1367), son of preceding * John Neville, 3rd (or 5th) Baron Neville (c. 1330–1388), son of preceding * Ralph Neville, 4th (or 6th) Baron Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland (c. 1364–1425), son of preceding ''For further succession, see

Earl of Westmorland Earl of Westmorland is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The title was first created in 1397 for Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, Ralph Neville. It was forfeited in 1571 by Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorl ...

Barons Neville (1459)

* John Neville, Baron Neville (c. 1410–1461) – attainted on 4 November 1461 * Ralph Neville, Baron Neville, 3rd Earl of Westmorland (c. 1456–1499), son of preceding – attainder reversed on 6 October 1472 ''For further succession, see

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Neville, Baron 1295 establishments in England Baronies in the Peerage of England Extinct baronies in the Peerage of England

Baron Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often Hereditary title, hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical. The female equivalent is baroness. Typically, the title denotes an aristocrat who ranks higher than ...

Noble titles created in 1295 Noble titles created in 1459 Forfeited baronies in the Peerage of England Baronies by writ

Feudal barons of Raby (barony by tenure)

Barons Neville of Raby (1295)

Barons Neville (1459)

See also

References