Balingen
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Balingen (; Swabian: ''Balenga'') is a town in
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg ( ; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a states of Germany, German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million i ...
,
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
, capital of the
district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...
of
Zollernalbkreis The Zollernalbkreis () is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The district is located in the Swabian Alb, and contains the second highest elevation of this range, the high '' Oberhohenberg''. In the south-e ...
. It is located near the
Swabian Jura The Swabian Jura ( , more rarely ), sometimes also named Swabian Alps in English, is a mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, extending from southwest to northeast and in width. It is named after the region of Swabia. It is part of th ...
, approx. 35 km to the south of
Tübingen Tübingen (; ) is a traditional college town, university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer (Neckar), Ammer rivers. about one in ...
, 35 km northeast of
Villingen-Schwenningen Villingen-Schwenningen (; Low Alemannic: ''Villinge-Schwenninge'') is a city in the Schwarzwald-Baar district in southern Baden-Württemberg, in south-western Germany. It had 89,743 inhabitants as of September 2024. History In the Middle Ages, ...
, and 70 km south southwest of
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; ; Swabian German, Swabian: ; Alemannic German, Alemannic: ; Italian language, Italian: ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city of the States of Germany, German state of ...
. Balingen is the second largest town in the Zollernalb district after
Albstadt Albstadt () is the largest city in the district of Zollernalbkreis in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on the Swabian Jura mountains, about halfway between Stuttgart and Lake Constance. Geography Albstadt is spread across a variety of ...
. It is a medium-sized center for the surrounding municipalities and was named a large district town in 1974. The town of Balingen has undergone dynamic development since 1945. Balingen is home to the Bizerba and Ideal companies.


History

Balingen is first mentioned in 863. Initially a possession of the lords of Haigerloch, in 1162 Balingen was acquired by the
count of Hohenberg The Counts of Hohenberg (or Margraves of Hohenberg) were an ancient Swabian dynasty in the southwest of the present-day German state of Baden-Württemberg. During the 13th century, the Hohenberg dynasty was one of the most prominent lineages i ...
. In the 13th century it received the title of city from Friedrich der Erlauchte, it was largely rebuilt on the left bank of the river Eyach. The earliest signs of settlement in what is now the town area are the Alemannic terraced graves. However, Balingen did not initially serve as the town's center; according to historical records, it was established in 1255 by Count Friedrich von Zollern. The town was fortified before 1377. In 1403 it was sold to the
County of Württemberg The County of Württemberg was a historical territory with origins in the realm of the House of Württemberg, the heart of the old Duchy of Swabia. Its capital was Stuttgart. From the 12th century until 1495, it was a county within the Holy Roman ...
, whose chancellor maintained a residence there until the 18th century. When the entire territory was sold to Württemberg, it led to the establishment of the administrative district known as “Amt Balingen.” A legal officer took up residence in the official town, specifically in the castle built in 1372, and remained there until the mid-18th century. In 1973, Balingen became the seat of the newly formed district of Zollernalb, not least as a continuation of the old official town tradition. Zollernschloss Balingen: The foundation walls of Zollern Castle in Balingen date back to the 13th century. Initially, it was a typical late medieval town castle designed for residential use. In 1403, the castle and the entire Schalksburg estate were acquired by Württemberg, where it was used as the official residence of the head bailiff. Following the Thirty Years' War, the castle was left in a state of disrepair, and it was not until spring 1651 that the new head bailiff, Count von Kandel, could take up residence after necessary renovations were completed. In 1403, the castle and the entire Schalksburg estate came to Württemberg and was used as the seat of the head bailiff. Balingen has faced a challenging history marked by different devastating fires. As early as 1286, chroniclers tell that the town, which was only three decades old at the time, was engulfed in flames during a feud between the Zollern and Hohenberg families. Subsequent fires in 1546, 1607, 1672, 1724, and 1809 added to the town's sufferings, with the last blaze leaving only 55 out of 445 buildings standing. The fire in 1809 was particularly devastating, as it wiped out nearly the entire town. The efforts to rebuild after these disasters gave rise to the classicist character of the city. The existence of a hospital in the 15th century was a clear reflection of the community spirit in the town. The Balingen Hospital was established in 1489 by a civic foundation to care for the poor and the elderly. Initially located just behind the town church, it later moved to the upper suburbs. This social institution served the community until the 20th century. Balingen became part of the unified Germany in 1870. During the Second World War (1939-1945) Balingen was the site of a sub-camp of the German death camp of
Natzweiler-Struthof Natzweiler-Struthof was a Nazi concentration camp located in the Vosges Mountains close to the villages of Natzweiler and Struthof in the Gau Baden-Alsace of Germany, on territory annexed from France on a basis in 1940. It operated from 21 Ma ...
in the occupied French region of Alsace. After the war this camp became a French internment camp for former Nazi war criminals, the ''Camp d’internement de Wurtemberg.''


Main sights

The town features the Zollern Castle, which is nestled alongside the historic tanners' district, often referred to as "Little Venice." The castle was reconstructed in 1935. The city was destroyed by a fire in 1809, from which only the Protestant church, the castle and a few other edifices escaped. The Protestant church's construction finished in 1541; it has a characteristic
sundial A sundial is a horology, horological device that tells the time of day (referred to as civil time in modern usage) when direct sunlight shines by the position of the Sun, apparent position of the Sun in the sky. In the narrowest sense of the ...
in the apse.


Sulfor spring

In Balingen there is the enclosed, publicly accessible sulfur spring, whose water is said to have healing powers and support the immune system. As with the medicinal springs in Bad Sebastiansweiler, the spring is made up of dissolved, sulfur-containing sodium hydrogen carbonate (Na-HCO3) from the rock (Black Jura). When the rock containing pyrites (pyrite) is weathered, the oxidation of the pyrite with subsequent bacterial reduction of the sulfate ion produces
hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula . It is a colorless chalcogen-hydride gas, and is toxic, corrosive, and flammable. Trace amounts in ambient atmosphere have a characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs. Swedish chemist ...
(H2S). It gives the mineral water the smell of rotten eggs. It contains dissolved substances and hydrogen sulfide. Visitors who regularly drink from it should note that the daily intake of hydrogen sulfide does not exceed the limit of 100 mg.


Nickname


World Capital

Balingen is nicknamed'' "Waagenstadt",'' the metropolis of
scales Scale or scales may refer to: Mathematics * Scale (descriptive set theory), an object defined on a set of points * Scale (ratio), the ratio of a linear dimension of a model to the corresponding dimension of the original * Scale factor, a number ...
. The father
Philipp Matthäus Hahn Philipp Matthäus Hahn (25 November 1739 in Scharnhausen (today part of Ostfildern), Duchy of Württemberg – 2 May 1790 in Echterdingen (today part of Leinfelden-Echterdingen)) was a German pastor, astronomer and inventor. In about 1763 he ...
behind the original idea. Frommern is nicknamed "''Möbelstadt",'' the metropolis of
furniture Furniture refers to objects intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., Stool (seat), stools, chairs, and sofas), eating (table (furniture), tables), storing items, working, and sleeping (e.g., beds and hammocks). Furnitur ...
in the time of
Wirtschaftswunder The ''Wirtschaftswunder'' (, "economic miracle"), also known as the Miracle on the Rhine, was the rapid reconstruction and development of the Economy, economies of West Germany and Austria after World War II. The expression was first used to re ...
. In Frommern a line of high polished industrial production ( fine veneered wood) take up the ideas of the royal ''Hofebenist''. In the ''Haus der Volkskunst''of the
Schwäbischer Albverein The Schwäbischer Albverein e. V (Swabian Jura Association) (SAV) is one of the oldest hiking clubs in Germany. Based in Stuttgart, the society was founded on August 13, 1888 in Plochingen, Baden-Württemberg. Its territory extends far beyond the ...
the traditional '' Himmelbett'' is use as a hotel bed.


Notable people

* Gregor Reisch (ca.1467–1525), Carthusian monk and humanist, produced encyclopedia of general knowledge. *
Joseph Weiß Joseph Weiß (born 1486 or 1487; died 1565) was a German Renaissance painting, Renaissance painter. Weiss was born and died in Balingen. He came from a family of painters: his father, Marx Weiß the Elder (died 1518), and brother, Marx Weiß t ...
(c. 1487–1565), local
Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...
painter, may be the ''
Master of Meßkirch The Master of Meßkirch (; ) was an anonymous German Renaissance painter. Biography The so-called Master of Meßkirch is named after the eleven altarpieces (one main altarpiece and ten auxiliary ones) he painted for the St. Martin church in Me ...
'' * Hans Maurer, (DE Wiki) (1490–1525), Lutherean priest, arrested at the Church of Balingen, prisoner in the tower of Balingen *
Marx Weiß Marx Weiß the Younger (c. 1518 - 25 February 1580; also known as Marx Weiß of Balingen) was a late Gothic German painter. He was born in Balingen, the son of painter Marx Weiß the Elder, and the brother of painter Joseph Weiß. He died in ...
(c. 1518–1580), the Younger, also '' Marx White from Balingen '', painter of Late Gothic *
Philipp Nicodemus Frischlin Philipp Nicodemus Frischlin (also spelled ''Nikodemus'') (22 September 1547 – 29 November 1590) was a German philologist, poet, playwright, mathematician, and astronomer, born at Erzingen, today part of Balingen in Württemberg, where his fath ...
(1547–1590), philologist, poet, playwright, mathematician, and astronomer. * Karl Friedrich Reinhard (1761–1837), French diplomat, statesman and writer, partly grew up locally *
Johann Tobias Beck Johann Tobias Beck (22 February 1804 in Balingen, Duchy of Württemberg – 28 December 1878 in Tübingen) was a German theologian. Biography Graduating from the University of Tübingen in 1826, he was ordained a minister, but later accepted ...
(1804–1878), Protestant theologian. *
Heinrich Lang Heinrich Lang (born in Württemberg, 14 November 1826) was a German Protestant pastor who was well known for preaching that all were equal before God without class distinction. Early life and teaching Although known for works in Switzerla ...
(1826–1876), Protestant theologian *
Martin Haug Martin Haug (30 January 1827 – 3 June 1876) was a German orientalist. Biography Haug was born at Ostdorf (today a part of Balingen), Württemberg. He became a pupil in the gymnasium at Stuttgart at a comparatively late age, and in 1848 he e ...
(1827–1876), orientalist, professor of Sanskrit in
Poona Pune ( ; , ISO 15919, ISO: ), previously spelled in English as Poona (List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1978), is a city in the state of Maharashtra in the Deccan Plateau, Deccan plateau in Western ...
. * Andreas Bizer (1839–1914), mechanic and industrialist, co-founder of Bizerba * Robert Wahl, (DE Wiki) (1882–1955), entrepreneur and local politician * Heinrich Haasis, (DE Wiki) (born 1945), mayor, Member of Parliament, President of the German Savings Bank Association (2006–2012) * Joachim Schmid (born 1955), artist who has worked with found photography * Michael Hennrich, (DE Wiki) (born 1965), politician (CDU), Member of Parliament


Sport

*
Martin Schaudt Martin Schaudt (born 7 December 1958 in Balingen, Baden-Württemberg) is a German equestrian and Olympic champion. He won a gold medal in ''team dressage'' at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta Atlanta ( ) is the List of capi ...
(born 1958), dressage rider, team gold medallist at the
1996 1996 was designated as: * International Year for the Eradication of Poverty Events January * January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ...
&
2004 Summer Olympics The 2004 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad (), and officially branded as Athens 2004 (), were an international multi-sport event held from 13 to 29 August 2004 in Athens, Greece. The Games saw 10,625 athletes ...
*
Kathrin Lang Kathrin Cornelia Lang (née Hitzer; born 3 September 1986) is a former German biathlete. Because of her pregnancy by her boyfriend (now husband), biathlete Toni Lang, she finished the 2011/12 season in December 2011. In her career, Lang won two ...
(born 1986), retired biathlete * Frank Lehmann (born 1989), soccer goalkeeper, played over 260 games *
Pascal Bodmer Pascal Bodmer (born 4 January 1991) is a German ski jumper who has competed since 2004. He finished 31st in the individual normal hill event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Having made his Continental Cup debut in July 2006, his best ...
(born 1991), ski jumper *
Florian Kath Florian Kath (born 21 October 1994) is a German former professional footballer A football player or footballer is a sportsperson who plays one of the different types of football. The main types of football are association football, American ...
(born 1994), former football player, played 153 times


Geography


Climate

Balingen has an
oceanic climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate or maritime climate, is the temperate climate sub-type in Köppen climate classification, Köppen classification represented as ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of co ...
(
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author ...
: ''Cfb'').


Twin towns – sister cities

Balingen is twinned with: *
Royan Royan (; in the Saintongeais dialect; ) is a commune and town in the south-west of France, in the Departments of France, department of Charente-Maritime in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Capital of the Côte de Beauté, Royan is one of the mai ...
, France


Natural sport

* Trail mountainbike: Tieringen
Albtrauf The term Albtrauf (Alp escarpment) refers to the northwest facing escarpment of the Swabian Alps, situated in Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. It is the most distinctive stepped slope within the alpine region of the South German Scarplands, leadin ...
to Balingen-Weilstetten Lochenpass, 4,7 km, car road, bike trail, 1,9 km downhill.Outdoor
/ref>


References


External links


Official website
{{Authority control Towns in Baden-Württemberg Zollernalbkreis