Bailey Ruin is an archaeological site located in

Navajo County Navajo County is in the northern part of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, its population was 106,717. The county seat is Holbrook, Arizona, Holbrook. Navajo County comprises the Show Low, Arizona, Sho ...

Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States. It is the list of U.S. states and territories by area, 6th largest and the list of U.S. states and territories by population, 14 ...

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...

. The site, also known as "Stott Ranch Ruin" and "Pope Ranch Site," was added to the

National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artist ...

on March 17, 2006 for its historical and archaeological significance.''National Register of Historic Places for Navajo County, Arizona.''
American Dreams, Inc. Retrieved 10-12-2011. Bailey Ruin, a well-preserved

Ancient Puebloan The Ancestral Puebloans, also known as the Anasazi, were an ancient Native American culture that spanned the present-day Four Corners region of the United States, comprising southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, an ...

site, was occupied from about AD 1275 to 1325, in the late

Pueblo III Era The Pueblo III Period (AD 1150 to AD 1350) was the third period, also called the "Great Pueblo period" when Ancestral Puebloans lived in large cliff-dwelling, multi-storied pueblo, or cliff-side talus house communities. By the end of the period ...

to early

Pueblo IV Era The Pueblo IV Period (AD 1350 to AD 1600) was the fourth period of ancient pueblo life in the American Southwest. At the end of prior Pueblo III Period, Ancestral Puebloans living in the Colorado and Utah regions abandoned their settlements a ...

.''Bailey Ruin.''
Silver Creek Archaeological Project, Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona. 2002. Retrieved 10-12-2011.

Geography

The Bailey Ruins are located mainly in a ponderosa forest in the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forests and partly on a private ranch, about from the

Mogollon Rim The Mogollon Rim ( or or ) is a topographical and geological feature cutting across the northern half of the U.S. state of Arizona. It extends approximately , starting in northern Yavapai County and running eastward, ending near the borde ...

at in elevation.

Pueblo site

The site was a multi-storied complex of 200 to 250 rooms that appeared to grow gradually in size from AD 1275 to 1325. Around the turn of the 14th century, the plaza was enclosed by the addition of clusters of rooms. The site had several water sources: a cienega about from the pueblo and nearby springs. Currently there are shallow historic wells.

Archaeology

Archaeological interest in the site began before the turn of the 20th century. *

J. Walter Fewkes Jesse Walter Fewkes (November 14, 1850 – May 31, 1930) was an American anthropologist, archaeologist, writer, and naturalist. Biography Fewkes was born in Newton, Massachusetts on November 14, 1850, and initially trained as a zoologist at ...

who led an expedition for the Smithsonian

Bureau of American Ethnology The Bureau of American Ethnology (or BAE, originally, Bureau of Ethnology) was established in 1879 by an act of Congress for the purpose of transferring archives, records and materials relating to the Indians of North America from the Interior D ...

, visited the site in 1897 and referred to the site as the "Stott Ranch Ruin". *

Emil W. Haury Emil Walter "Doc" Haury (May 2, 1904 in Newton, Kansas – December 5, 1992 in Tucson, Arizona) was an influential archaeologist who specialized in the archaeology of the Southwestern United States, American Southwest. He is most famous for his w ...

visited the site in 1927 and 1929, first for the

Gila Pueblo Archaeological Foundation The Gila Pueblo Archaeological Foundation was a research organization which conducted archaeological research in the American Southwest and surrounding areas. It was founded in 1928 in Globe, Arizona, by Harold S. Gladwin and Winifred (McCurdy) Gl ...

and then for the

National Geographic Society The National Geographic Society (NGS), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational organizations in the world. Founded in 1888, its interests include geography, archaeology, ...

Third Beam Expedition. As the ranch changed owners, the site name changed. When Haury visited in 1927 it was named the "Pope Ranch Site" and then it was named for the new owner, George W. Bailey. During Haury's visit in 1927, he conducted a search for

tree-ring dating Dendrochronology (or tree-ring dating) is the scientific method of dating tree rings (also called growth rings) to the exact year they were formed. As well as dating them, this can give data for dendroclimatology, the study of climate and atm ...

specimens. * Surveys were conducted in the area during the 1980s. *

Spring Creek Archeological District This is a list of Ancestral Puebloan dwellings in Colorado, United States. Pueblo periods Archaeologists have agreed on three main periods of occupation by Pueblo peoples in southwestern Colorado: Pueblo I, Pueblo II, and Pueblo III. * ...

was conducted in 1993, including excavation of the site.

References

External links

''Bailey Ruin,'' Spring Creek Archaeological Project

''Apache and Sitgreaves National Forests'' United States Forest Service
{{Registered Historic Places Native American history of Arizona Archaeological sites in Arizona Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Arizona Apache-Sitgreaves National Forests National Register of Historic Places in Navajo County, Arizona Protected areas of Navajo County, Arizona Ruins on the National Register of Historic Places Ancient Puebloan archaeological sites in Arizona

Geography

Pueblo site

Archaeology

See also

References

External links