Back end, back-end or backend may refer to:
Electronics
Computing
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Back end (computing)
In software engineering, the terms frontend and backend (or sometimes referred to as back end or back-end) refer to the separation of concerns between the presentation layer (''frontend''), and the data access layer (''backend'') of a piece of ...
, the data access layer in software architecture
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Back-end CASE
Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) is the domain of software tools used to design and implement applications. CASE tools are similar to and were partly inspired by Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools used for designing hardware products. CAS ...
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Back-end database {{No footnotes, date=December 2021
A back-end database is a database that is accessed by users indirectly through an external application rather than by application programming stored within the database itself or by low level manipulation of the d ...
, a database accessed indirectly through an external application
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Back-end processor A database machines or back end processor is a computer or special Computer hardware, hardware that stores and retrieves data from a database. It is specially designed for database access and is tightly coupled to the main (Front and back ends, fron ...
, hardware that stores and retrieves data from a database
Integrated circuits
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Back-end design
In integrated circuit design, physical design is a step in the standard design cycle which follows after the circuit design. At this step, circuit representations of the components (devices and interconnects) of the design are converted into geome ...
, in electronic circuit design flow
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Back end of line
The back end of line (BEOL) is the second portion of IC fabrication where the individual devices (transistors, capacitors, resistors, etc.) get interconnected with wiring on the wafer, the metalization layer. Common metals are copper and alumi ...
, in integrated circuit fabrication
Other uses
* Archaic northern English dialect word for
autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in American English and Canadian English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March ( S ...
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Back end load
Mutual fund fees and expenses are charges that may be incurred by investors who hold mutual funds. Operating a mutual fund involves costs, including shareholder transaction costs, investment advisory fees, and marketing and distribution expense ...
, a mutual fund fee
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"Backend" (song), a song on DaBaby's album ''Baby on Baby''
* Slang for
buttocks
The buttocks (singular: buttock) are two rounded portions of the exterior anatomy of most mammals, located on the posterior of the pelvic region. In humans, the buttocks are located between the lower back and the perineum. They are compose ...
, an anatomical feature
See also
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Back (disambiguation)
The back is the large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders.
Back may also refer to:
People
* Adam Back (born 1970), British cryptographer
* Charles Back, South African w ...
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End (disambiguation)
End, END, Ending, or variation, may refer to:
End
*In mathematics:
**End (category theory)
** End (topology)
** End (graph theory)
** End (group theory) (a subcase of the previous)
** End (endomorphism)
*In sports and games
**End (gridiron footba ...
*
Front end (disambiguation)
Front end may refer to:
Computing
* Front-end (computing), an interface between the user and the back end
* Front-end processor (computer), a small-sized computer
* Front-end processor (program)
* Front-end web development, the practice of prod ...
{{Disambiguation