HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The
BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, trading as BMW Group (commonly abbreviated to BMW (), sometimes anglicised as Bavarian Motor Works), is a German multinational manufacturer of vehicles and motorcycles headquartered in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Th ...
M47 and Rover Group M47R are
straight-4 A straight-four engine (also referred to as an inline-four engine) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout ( ...
Diesel engine The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compr ...
s. Variants were manufactured by BMW from 1998 to 2007. BMW gradually adopted high-pressure common rail
fuel injection Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of a fuel injector. This article focuses on fuel injection in reciprocating piston and Wankel rotary engines. All c ...
systems over the lifetime of the M47.


Models


M47D20

The original M47 diesel engine featured non-common-rail direct fuel injection and a block. First seen in 1998, the M47D20 produced and in its original 320d/520d guise, and with in the 318d variant. All M47 engines have one Swirl and one Tangential intake port per cylinder, which can each improve performance under different conditions. These features are not to be confused with swirl flaps, which were introduced in the M47D20TÜ. Applications: * and ** 2001–2003 E46 318d * and ** 1999–2001 E46 320d ** 2000–2003 E39 520d


M47R

Rover Group (UK) and
Steyr Steyr (; ) is a statutory city (Austria), statutory city, located in the Austrian federal state of Upper Austria. It is the administrative capital, though not part of Steyr-Land District. Steyr is Austria's 12th most populated town and the 3rd lar ...
(Austria), worked together to modify the M47D20 to create a transverse configuration for use in the
Rover 75 The Rover 75 is a car which was manufactured from 1998 to 2005 and sold under the British Rover marque. It is a large family car and came in four-door saloon and five-door estate body styles. Initially built only with front-wheel drive, a ...
front wheel drive saloon, as well as their all-wheel-drive Land Rover Freelander. The same engine was later deployed by MG Rover in the Rover 75 Tourer and MG ZT. The M47R ("M47 Rail") differs from the original design by the introduction of common-rail technology, a transverse orientation, different
turbocharger In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into th ...
s and more sophisticated systems for temperature management. However, the core heads of the M47R and M47D20 are the same. Combining a common-rail system with a relatively small engine capacity created engine temperature problems. More hardware was added to help control temperatures which also helped to escalate weight, fuel consumption, and manufacturing costs. Th
BMW Steyr plant
manufactured and supplied M47R engines. The original version used in the Rover 75 developed at 4000rpm and at 2000rpm. A software update developed in conjunction with X Power, and released in 2002 after Rover's separation from BMW, increased this to at 3500 rpm and at 1900rpm, and was badged CDTi rather than CDT. The M47R in the Rover 75 and MG ZT used a
Mitsubishi The is a group of autonomous Japanese multinational companies in a variety of industries. Founded by Yatarō Iwasaki in 1870, the Mitsubishi Group traces its origins to the Mitsubishi zaibatsu, a unified company that existed from 1870 to 194 ...
turbocharger with wastegate, whereas that fitted to the Freelander used a Garrett VNT. Applications: * 1999–2004 Rover 75 CDT * 2002–2005 Rover 75 CDTi * 2001–2006 Land Rover Freelander * 2001–2004 MG ZT CDT * 2002–2005 MG ZT CDTi


M47D20TÜ

The all-wheel drive BMW X3 and rear-wheel drive BMW 320d models, built approximately between September 2001 and December 2004, were fitted with the M47TÜ ("M47 Technical Update"). The exact production week is not known and was probably later than Production Week 33 in 2001 (e.g. one cannot rely on a UK 51 plate registered BMW 320d to have the M47TÜ). The engine capacity was expanded to , and it retained the common-rail injector system that had proven popular in the smaller M47R and larger M57 engines. These changes empowered BMW to increase torque and improve fuel consumption, especially at lower revs. However, these modifications added to overall weight and emissions raised accordingly. In the UK, the new characteristics of the M47TÜ were sufficient to lift the BMW 320d into the next highest insurance bracket, and the next highest band for Vehicle Excise Duty (Road Ta

The M47TÜ was regarded as so good that BMW made it available in the 320Cd Coupé. The M47D20TÜ introduced new common failure points. Chief among these was a new ' swirl flap' mechanism embedded in the
inlet manifold An inlet manifold or intake manifold (in American English) is the part of an internal combustion engine that supplies the fuel/ air mixture to the cylinders. The word ''manifold'' comes from the Old English word ''manigfeald'' (from the Anglo- ...
. This consisted of a number of butterfly valves within each individual inlet tract, which are secured to an actuating rod via two small screws. It has become clear that over time these screws can come loose via vibration etc. When this happens they can end up being drawn into the respective cylinder, causing significant damage to the piston, cylinder head, and valves. If unlucky further damage can be caused to the turbo if the screw then makes its way through the exhaust valve into the manifold and subsequently into the turbo. These failures have occurred in such quantity that a number of specialist BMW magazines have featured articles on the problem including information on how to remove the swirl flaps. For those who wish to perform some preventive maintenance on the M47TUD20 engine, there are companies who supply and/or fit blanking plugs to allow the removal of these swirl flaps altogether. BMW addressed the problem by introducing stronger swirl flaps and larger diameter spindles – made from plastic – in 2006. Applications: * and ** 2003–2005 E46 318d * and ** 2001–2005 E46 320d ** E83 X3 2.0d (up to end of 2006)


M47D20TÜ2

The engine was updated again in 2004 as the M47D20TÜ2 (for ''Technische Überarbeitung 2'' = second revision). Still at , it produced more power across the range. Applications: * and ** E87 118d ** E90/E91 318d * and ** E60/E61 520d ** E87 120d ** E90/E91 320d ** E83 X3 2.0d (end of 2006 onwards)


See also

* List of BMW engines


References


External links

* The UnixNerd'
BMW M47 engine page
with photos, history and common problems. {{BMW automotive diesel engines: 1980s to 2000s M47 Rover engines Land Rover engines Diesel engines by model Straight-four engines