Bal Krishan Anand (1917–2007) was an Indian physiologist and pharmacologist. He was credited for the discovery of the feeding center in the

hypothalamus The hypothalamus () is a part of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. The hypothalamu ...

in 1951. He is considered the founder of modern

Neurophysiology Neurophysiology is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that studies nervous system function rather than nervous system architecture. This area aids in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases. Historically, it has been dominated b ...

in India. He was born in

Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest city. ...

as Bal Krishan Anand in 1917. He was graduated from

King George Medical College King George's Medical University is a medical school, hospital, and medical university located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The medical school was raised to a medical university by an act passed by the government of Uttar Pradesh on 16 S ...

in 1940 and obtained his M.D. degree in 1948. He joined in 1949 the Lady Hardinge Medical College as Professor of Physiology. He went to

Yale University Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the wo ...

as a Fellow of the

Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropic medical research and arts funding organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The second-oldest major philanthropic institution in America, after the Carneg ...

in 1950 and worked with John Brobeck. They had published their research work in 1951.Anand B K and Brobeck J R. Hypothalamic control of food intake in rats and cats. Yale J. Biol. Med. 24:123-40, 1951. He \ returned to India in 1952 and continued his research in Lady Hardinge Medical College. He joined the

All India Institute of Medical Sciences The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) is a group of autonomous government public medical universities of higher education under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare , Government of India. These institutes ha ...

as its first professor in the Department of Physiology in 1956. He was instrumental in establishing the guidelines of education for M.B., B.S. and Postgraduate students. He became Dean of that Institute. He was instrumental in the establishment of

Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (Urdu: ), often abbreviated as SKIMS, is the largest medical Institute under State Legislature Act in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. SKIMS is the only medical university of the un ...

in 1982.

Bibliography

* B. K. Anand and J. R. Brobeck: Hypothalamic control of food intake in rats and cats. Yale J. Biol. Med. 24:123-40, 1951. * B. K. Anand and S. Dua: Hypothalamic involvement in the Pituitary Adrenocortical Response. Journal of Physiology. I955. I27, I53-I56. * B. K. Anand and S. Dua: Circulatory and Respiratory changes induced by Electrical stimulation of Limbic system (Visceral brain). Journal of Neurophysiology. 19: 393–400, 1956. * B. K. Anand, S. Dua and Baldev Singh. Electrical activity of the hypothalamic 'feeding centres' under the effect of changes in blood chemistry, Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. Volume 13, Issue 1, February 1961, Pages 54–59. * B. K. Anand, G. S. Chhina, and Baldev Singh. Effect of Glucose on the Activity of Hypothalamic "Feeding Centers".

Science Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for ...

2 November 1962: Vol. 138. no. 3540, pp. 597 – 598.

Awards

* He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology in Medical Sciences in 1963. * Government of India awarded him

Padma Shri Padma Shri (IAST: ''padma śrī''), also spelled Padma Shree, is the fourth-highest Indian honours system, civilian award of the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna, the Padma Vibhushan and the Padma Bhushan. Instituted on 2 January 1954, ...

in Medicine in 1969. * He was a fellow of the

National Academy of Medical Sciences National Academy of Medical Sciences (India), better known by its acronym, NAMS, is a nodal agency under the Government of India, which acts as an advisory body to the Government in matters related to National Health Policy and Planning and as a ...

, Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Academy of Sciences. * The Medical Council of India awarded him the

Dr. B. C. Roy Award The Bidhan Chandra Roy Award was instituted in 1962 in memory of Dr. B. C. Roy by the Medical Council of India. It is presented by the President of India in New Delhi every year on July 1, National Doctors' Day. It is also the highest honour tha ...

in 1984.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Anand, B. K. Indian physiologists 1917 births 2007 deaths Recipients of the Padma Shri in medicine Rockefeller Fellows Indian medical educators Indian pharmacologists Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy Academic staff of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi Indian medical academics Scientists from Lahore Dr. B. C. Roy Award winners Fellows of the National Academy of Medical Sciences Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences 20th-century Indian biologists Indian scientific authors King George's Medical University alumni University of Lucknow alumni Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Medical Science Indian expatriate academics in the United States