Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Yussuff Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullahu-lah ( Jawi: ; 19 April 1928 – 28 May 2014) was

Sultan of Perak The Sultan of Perak (, Jawi script, Jawi: ) is the Constitutional monarchy, constitutional monarch and head of state of the Malaysia, Malaysian state of Perak. It is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states. The current Sultan o ...

from 1984 until his death in 2014, the ninth

Yang di-Pertuan Agong The King of Malaysia, officially ''Yang di-Pertuan Agong'' ( Jawi alphabet, Jawi: ), is the constitutional monarch and Figurehead, ceremonial head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957, when the Federation of Malaya gained ...

(King of Malaysia), from 1989 to 1994, and the 5th

Lord President of the Supreme Court The title of Lord President of the Supreme Court was formerly the title of the head of the Courts of Malaysia, judiciary in Malaysia, until 1994 when the office was renamed "Chief Justice of Malaysia, Chief Justice of the Federal Court". The lord p ...

, from 1982 to 1984. The child of a royal father and a commoner mother, he grew up in

Perak Perak (; Perak Malay: ''Peghok'') is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula. Perak has land borders with the Malaysian states of Kedah to the north, Penang to the northwest, Kel ...

, Malaysia. During school he played

field hockey Field hockey (or simply referred to as hockey in some countries where ice hockey is not popular) is a team sport structured in standard hockey format, in which each team plays with 11 players in total, made up of 10 field players and a goalk ...

, subsequently playing for the Perakian team. He trained to be a lawyer in the United Kingdom. Upon returning to Malaysia, he soon became a judge and quickly rose through the legal ranks. In 1965, he became the youngest person appointed to the High Court of Malaya, and in 1982 he became the youngest ever

Lord President of the Federal Court The title of Lord President of the Supreme Court was formerly the title of the head of the judiciary in Malaysia, until 1994 when the office was renamed " Chief Justice of the Federal Court". The lord president was head of the highest court in Mal ...

, the country's highest judicial rank. He became

in 1984 after the death of his first cousin once removed Sultan Idris Shah II. Subsequently, he was elected to be the

in 1989, serving a five-year term before returning to his post as Sultan of Perak. In 2009, he exercised his royal authority to prevent the dissolution of the

Perak State Legislative Assembly The Perak State Legislative Assembly () is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Perak. It is composed of 59 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years a ...

, sparking a

constitutional crisis In political science, a constitutional crisis is a problem or conflict in the function of a government that the constitution, political constitution or other fundamental governing law is perceived to be unable to resolve. There are several variat ...

. Ultimately, the legal system ruled that Sultan Azlan had acted properly. During his career, Sultan Azlan Shah was awarded more than three dozen Malaysian and foreign honours. Dozens of buildings and other projects were named after him, including a genus of insects: Azlania. He was known as the "Father of Malaysian Hockey" for furthering field hockey at home and abroad and was the patron of dozens of organisations. With his wife Tuanku Bainun Binti Mohd Ali, Sultan Azlan had five children.

Early life and education

He was born on 19 April 1928 at Kampung Manggis, Batu Gajah,

. The youngest son of Sultan Yussuf Izzuddin Shah () by his second wife, Toh Puan Besar Hatijah binti Toh Indera Wangsa Ahmad (1906–1992), he was brought up by his mother outside of royal circles. Raja Azlan Shah began his education at the Government English School, Batu Gajah Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sultan Yussuf. For his secondary education, he attended

Malay College Kuala Kangsar The Malay College Kuala Kangsar (abbreviated MCKK; ; ) is a residential school in Malaysia. It is an all-boys and all- Malay school in the royal town of Kuala Kangsar, Perak. It is sometimes dubbed "the Eton College of the East". The Malay Col ...

. Afterwards, he went to the

University of Nottingham The University of Nottingham is a public research university in Nottingham, England. It was founded as University College Nottingham in 1881, and was granted a royal charter in 1948. Nottingham's main campus (University Park Campus, Nottingh ...

to study law, earning a

Bachelor of Law A Bachelor of Laws (; LLB) is an undergraduate law degree offered in most common law countries as the primary law degree and serves as the first professional qualification for legal practitioners. This degree requires the study of core legal subje ...

degree in 1953. While in school, Azlan Shah began his lifelong love for

, playing for his school teams. He subsequently played for the Perakian team.

Legal career

Raja Azlan Shah was admitted to the English Bar on 23 November 1954. He returned to Malaysia, becoming the Assistant State Secretary of Perak. He joined the Judicial and Legal Service of the Federation of Malaya and soon became the President of the Sessions Court. He continued to rise quickly through the legal ranks, serving as Federal Counsel and Deputy Public Prosecutor, Legal Adviser of the State of Pahang, Registrar of the High Court of Malaya, and Chief Registrar of the Federal Court of Malaysia. In 1965, Raja Azlan Shah, aged 37, became the youngest judge ever appointed to the High Court of Malaya. He was appointed to the Federal Court in 1973. In 1979, he was appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Malaya. On 12 November 1982 he became the youngest ever

, the highest judicial post in Malaysia.

Becoming Sultan

His path to becoming the Sultan of Perak started when his father appointed him as raja kechil bongsu on 19 August 1962, which made him the 6th and last in line to the throne. Due to the death of his father the following year, he moved up a rank to become the raja kechil tengah. On 1 January 1978, he moved up to raja kechil sulong and later that year, on 1 August, he moved up to raja kechil besar. Raja Azlan Shah was installed Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Perak by the then-Sultan of Perak, Sultan Idris Almutawakkil Alallahi Shah II on 1 July 1983. During the long reign of Idris Shah, most of Raja Azlan Shah's elder brothers had died. His only surviving elder brother, Raja Baharom Shah, refused the office of Crown Prince and Raja Azlan Shah was suddenly heir to the throne. Within six months, Sultan Idris died and Azlan Shah ascended to the throne of Perak on 3 February 1984. He was officially installed as the 34th Sultan of Perak on 9 December 1985. In 1989, Sultan Azlan Shah was elected as the ninth

of Malaysia, as the Ruler of Perak was the last of the nine Malay Rulers of Malaysia who has not served as the

for its first cycle. After the five-year term ended, he returned to his post as Sultan of Perak in 1994. Sultan Azlan Shah reigned for a total of 30 years and 114 days, the longest reign for a Sultan of Perak post-Malaysian independence, and the second longest reign in the history of the sultanate, behind only the 11th Sultan, Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Shah.

Perak constitutional crisis

In 2009, the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) political group held a narrow majority in the Perak state assembly with 32 of the 59 seats. Three members of the party decided to leave and allied themselves with the rival

Barisan Nasional Barisan Nasional (BN; ) is a political coalition of Malaysia that was founded in 1974 as a coalition of centre-right and right-wing political parties to succeed the Alliance Party. It is the third largest political coalition with 30 seats in ...

(BN) coalition. PR leader Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin requested to dissolve the state assembly. Sultan Azlan refused the request, citing royal discretion, and instead demanded Mohammad Nizar and the rest of the leadership resign their posts to make way for BN leaders. The decision was challenged and the Kuala Lumpur High Court ruled that the Sultan was not constitutionally permitted to dismiss the

menteri besar head of government, Heads of government in Malaysia's many states of Malaysia, states take on various titles. Seven out of nine in the Peninsular Malaysia, Peninsular who each have Monarchies of Malaysia, historical monarchs are known as the Men ...

. However, upon appeal, the decision was reversed by the Court of Appeal which ruled that the Perak State Constitution gives absolute discretionary power for the Sultan to dissolve the State Legislative Assembly. The Court also directed Nizar to resign. The decision was subsequently upheld unanimously by the five-man Bench of the Federal Court in February 2010.

Recognition

Sultan Azlan was the Pro-Chancellor of the

Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia ( 'University of Science Malaysia'; abbreviated as USM) is a public research university in Malaysia. Founded on 1 June 1969 as a statutory body with its own constitution, it is the oldest institute of higher learning ...

from October 1971 to February 1981 and the Chancellor of the

University of Malaya The Universiti Malaya (lit 'University of Malaya'; abbreviated UM) is a public university, public research university located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is the oldest Malaysian institution of higher education, and was the only university in ...

from February 1983 until his death. He also served as the Chairman of the Higher Education Advisory Council from 1974 to 1976. The University of Malaya awarded him an honorary doctorate in June 1979 and the University of Science of Malaysia awarded him one the following June. Sultan Azlan was recognised by several foreign universities, including: *

, Honorary Doctor of Law, July 1986 *Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn, "Honorary Bencher", 1988 * Universitas Gajah Mada, Jogjakarta, Indonesia, Honorary Doctor of Law, 28 September 1990 *Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Honorary Doctor of Law, 30 October 1990 *

Chulalongkorn University Chulalongkorn University (CU; ; , ) is a public university, public Autonomous university, autonomous research university in Bangkok, Thailand. The university was originally founded during King Chulalongkorn's reign as a school for training ro ...

Bangkok Bangkok, officially known in Thai language, Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estim ...

, Thailand, Honorary Doctor of Law, 19 December 1990. *

Royal College of Physicians of Ireland The Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (RCPI), () is an Irish professional body dedicated to improving the practice of general medicine and related medical specialty, medical specialities, chiefly through the accreditation of physicians by e ...

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) is a not-for-profit medical professional and educational institution, which is also known as RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences. It was established in 1784 as the national body ...

Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) is a professional organisation of surgeons. The RCSEd has five faculties, covering a broad spectrum of surgical, dental, and other medical and healthcare specialities. Its main campus is locate ...

, Honorary Fellow, 2 October 1991 *

Royal College of Surgeons of England The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgery, surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wa ...

, Honorary Fellow, 1999.

Sports

Sultan Azlan was an avid supporter of field hockey throughout his life. Due to his significant contributions to the sport, he was known as the "Father of Malaysian Hockey." Azlan was President of the Malaysian Hockey Federation until 2005, and was the elected President of the

Asian Hockey Federation The Asian Hockey Federation is the governing body for the sport of field hockey in Asia. It now has 33 member associations. It is affiliated to the International Hockey Federation. The current president is Fumio Ogura and the patron is Al-Sul ...

from 1997 until his death. He was an Executive Board member of the

International Hockey Federation The International Hockey Federation, commonly known by the acronym FIH, is the international governing body of field hockey and indoor field hockey. Its headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland. FIH is responsible for field hockey's major int ...

, serving as vice-president for two terms starting in 1992. Under Azlan Shah's leadership, Malaysia twice hosted the World Cup, in 1975 and 2002. In 1983, the sultan founded the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, an annual hockey tournament played in Ipoh. Sultan Azlan enjoyed golfing in his spare time.

Patron

Sultan Azlan was a patron of the following institutions: *The Academy of Medicine of Malaysia *The British Graduates Association of Malaysia *The Iskandar Polo Club *The Kuala Kangsar Golf Club *The Lions Clubs *The Malaysian Law Society in Great Britain and Éire *The Malaysian Nature Society *The Perak Veteran Hockey Association. *The Rotary Clubs *The Royal Ipoh Club and The Royal Perak Golf Club *St. John Ambulance of Malaysia, State of Perak Darul Ridzuan

Royal family

Sultan Azlan Shah married Bainun binti Mohd Ali on 9 December 1955. She is styled as Her Royal Highness The Raja Permaisuri (Queen Consort) of Perak, Tuanku Bainun Binti Mohd. Ali, D.K., D.M.N. The couple had five children, two sons and three daughters. The eldest is Raja Nazrin Shah, who is the current

. The others are Raja Azureen, Raja Ashman Shah, Raja Eleena and

Raja Yong Sofia Raja Yong Sofia binti Almarhum Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah Al-Maghfur-Lah (born 24 June 1961) is the fifth child of the 34th Sultan of Perak, Sultan Azlan Shah. She holds a master's degree in Administration from International University in L ...

. Raja Ashman Shah died on 30 March 2012 of an asthma attack.

Death

Sultan Azlan Shah died on 28 May 2014 at 1:30 pm at the National Heart Institute,

Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur (KL), officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, is the capital city and a Federal Territories of Malaysia, federal territory of Malaysia. It is the largest city in the country, covering an area of with a census population ...

at age 86. He was posthumously titled as Marhum Al-Maghfur-Lah. He was buried next to grave of the previous ruler, Sultan Idris Shah at the

Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum The Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum () is a Royal Mausoleum of Perak located near Ubudiah Mosque at Bukit Chandan in Jalan Istana, Kuala Kangsar, Malaysia. The first Sultan of Perak buried here was Sultan Idris Murshidul Azzam Shah I in 1916. ...

at Ubudiah Mosque,

Kuala Kangsar Kuala Kangsar (Perak Malay: ) is the royal town of Perak, Malaysia. It is located at the downstream of Kangsar River where it joins the Perak River, approximately northwest of Ipoh, Perak's capital, and southeast of George Town, Penang, Ge ...

after Asar prayers on 29 May, and the proclamation of a new sultan was announced on 29 May. Upon his death, a public holiday was announced in the state of

for 29 May so that the population could pay their last respects to him at Kuala Kangsar. Menteri Besar of Perak Datuk Seri Zambry Abdul Kadir announced that the Malaysian flag would fly at half-mast for 7 days, and the Perakian flag for 100 days. In addition, "all entertainment and celebrations" were cancelled to show respect for the Sultan.

Issue

Literature

* (Special issue of the Supreme Court Journal to commemorate the installation of His Majesty Sultan Azlan Shah as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong IX Malaysia)

Honours

Perak honours

MY-PERA Royal Family Order of Perak - DK

Recipient of the Royal Family Order of Perak (DK) (since 3 February 1984) * MY-PERA Perak Family Order of Sultan Azlan Shah - DKSA

Founding Grand Master of the Perak Family Order of Sultan Azlan Shah (2000) * MY-PERA Azlanii Royal Family Order - Member First Class - DKA I

Founding Grand Master of the Azlanii Royal Family Order (2010) * Knight Grand Commander and Grand Master (since 1984) of the Order of the Cura Si Manja Kini (SPCM) – Dato' Seri (1979) * MY-PERA Order of Taming Sari - SPTS

Knight Grand Commander and Grand Master (since 1984) of the Order of Taming Sari (SPTS) – Dato' Seri Panglima * MY-PERA Order of the Perak State Crown - Kn Grd Commander - SPMP

MY-PERA Order of the Perak State Crown - Kn Grd Commander - SPMP

Knight Grand Commander and Grand Master (since 1984) of the Order of the Perak State Crown (SPMP) – Dato' Seri (1969)

Malaysian honours

Recipient of the Malaysian Commemorative Medal (Silver) (PPM) (1965) *

Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) – Tan Sri (7 June 1972) * Commander of the

Order of the Defender of the Realm The Most Esteemed Order of the Defender of the Realm () is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country. The Order Motto are 'Dipeliharakan Allah-Pangkuan Negara' (By the Grace of God-Defender of the Realm). The o ...

(PMN) – Tan Sri (1979) *

Grand Commander of the

Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia The Most Esteemed Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia () is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country and awarded by the sovereign. The order was instituted on 15 April 1966 and gazetted on 30 June 1966 ...

(SSM) – Tun (1983) * Recipient of the Order of the Crown of the Realm (DMN) (1987) * MY Darjah Kerabat Diraja Malaysia - Royal Family Order of Malaysia - DKM

Recipient of the Order of the Royal House of Malaysia (DKM) (1989) * MY Darjah Bakti - Order of Merit of Malaysia - DB

Grand Master (1989–1994) of the Order of Merit of Malaysia * MY Panglima Setia Diraja - Order of the Royal Household - PSD

Grand Master (1989–1994) of the Order of the Royal Household of Malaysia * Courageous Commander of the Most Gallant Order of Military Service (PGAT) (1989)

State honours

* **

Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar

First Class of the Royal Family Order of Johor (DK I) * ** Member of the Royal Family Order of Kedah (DK) (10 April 1986) * ** MY-KEL Royal Family Order - Star of Yunus - DK

MY-KEL Royal Family Order - Star of Yunus - DK

Recipient of the Royal Family Order of Kelantan or ''Star of Yunus'' (DK) * ** MY-NEG Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan - DKNS

Member of the Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan (DKNS) (1989) * ** MY-PAH Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang - DK I

Member 1st class of the Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang (DK I) (1996)List of Malay rulers
(as of January 2013) with details of orders ** MY-PAH Order of the Crown of Pahang - Grand Knight - SIMP

MY-PAH Order of the Crown of Pahang - Grand Knight - SIMP

Grand Knight of the

Order of the Crown of Pahang The Esteemed Order of the Crown of Pahang ( Malay: '' Darjah Kebesaran Mahkota Pahang Yang Amat Mulia'') is a knighthood order of the Sultanate of Pahang. History The order was founded by Sultan Abu Bakar on 27 December 1968. It is awarded ...

(SIMP) – formerly Dato', now Dato' Indera (1980) * ** MY-PERL Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail - DK

Recipient of the Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail (DK) * ** MY-SEL Royal Family Order of Selangor - DK I

First Class of the

Royal Family Order of Selangor The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Selangor (Malay language, Malay: ''Darjah Kerabat Selangor Yang Amat Dihormati'') is an Order (distinction), order awarded by Sultan of Selangor to members of the Selangor and other Royal families, and to h ...

(DK I) (8 November 1985) * ** MY-TER Family Order of Terengganu 1st class - DK I

Member first class of the Family Order of Terengganu (DK I) (6 July 1984)

Foreign honours

* **

AUT Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 1st Class BAR

Grand Star of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria (08/04/1992) * ** BRU Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei

Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei (DKMB, 15 July 1988) * ** CHL Order of Merit of Chile - Grand Cross BAR

Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Merit of Chile (1992) * ** GER Bundesverdienstkreuz 9 Sond des Grosskreuzes

Grand Cross Special Class of the

Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany The Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (, or , BVO) is the highest state decoration, federal decoration of the Federal Republic of Germany. It may be awarded for any field of endeavor. It was created by the first List of president ...

(07/09/1992) * ** Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna rib

Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 1st Class (09/1990) * ** Collar of the

Order of the Chrysanthemum is Japan's highest Order (decoration), order. The Grand Cordon of the Order was established in 1876 by Emperor Meiji of Japan; the Collar of the Order was added on 4 January 1888. Unlike European counterparts, the order may be Posthumous award, ...

(30 September 1991) * ** Collar of the Order of al-Hussein bin Ali * ** Collar of the Civil Order of Oman, 1st Class (04/12/1991) * **Collar of Badr Chain (7.12.1991) * ** Grand Order of Mugunghwa (or Supreme Order of Hibiscus) * ** Chain of Honor Sudan

Collar of the Order of Honor of the Sudan (6 June 1991) * ** Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the

Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by King George I of Great Britain, George I on 18 May 1725. Recipients of the Order are usually senior British Armed Forces, military officers or senior Civil Service ...

(GCB) ''Sir'' (14 October 1989) ** Knight of The Order of Saint John (KStJ, 20 March 1990) * ** Collar of the Order of the Rajamitrabhorn (09/1990)

Things named after him

Educational institutions

*SMK Sultan Azlan Shah, a secondary school in Lenggong,

*SMK Agama Sultan Azlan Shah, a secondary school in Seri Iskandar,

* Sekolah Menengah Sains Raja Tun Azlan Shah, a secondary school in Taiping,

*Kolej Sains Kesihatan Bersekutu Sultan Azlan Shah, Ulu Kinta,

*Kampus Sultan Azlan Shah, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI),

Proton City Proton City () is a township with industrial, commercial and residential activities spread over 4,000 acres (16 km2) in Muallim District, Perak, Malaysia. It houses the RM1.8 million Proton car assembly plant. Proton City aimed to be fully ...

, Tanjung Malim, Perak * Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah, Behrang, Perak * Universiti Sultan Azlan Shah,

, Perak *Maktab Rendah Sains MARA ( MRSM) Sultan Azlan Shah, in Kuala Kangsar, Perak

Buildings

* Sultan Azlan Shah Gallery, a royal gallery in

Sultan Azlan Shah Airport Sultan Azlan Shah Airport is an airport serving the city of Ipoh in the Malaysian state of Perak. Situated approximately from the city center, it ranks as the 15th busiest airport in Malaysia. History History and Inception Ipoh Airport w ...

Ipoh Ipoh (, ) is the capital city of the Malaysian States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Perak. Located on the Kinta River, it is nearly north of Kuala Lumpur and southeast of George Town, Penang, George Town in neighbouring Penang ...

* Sultan Azlan Shah Hockey Stadium,

*Sultan Azlan Shah Building, a Chancellery of the Universiti Malaya,

*Sultan Azlan Shah Mosque, a mosque in

*Muhibbuddin Shah Mosque, a mosque in

*Sultan Azlan Shah Power Station, a power station in

Manjung The Manjung District, formerly known as Dindings, is a list of districts in Malaysia, district in the south-western part of the state of Perak, Malaysia. It is the List of districts in Malaysia, 26th-most populated district in Malaysia. It is ...

Roads

* Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, a major roads in

(formerly Tiger Lane), George Town,

Penang Penang is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. Th ...

and

(formerly Jalan Ipoh). * Sultan Azlan Shah Bridge a bridge at the North–South Expressway Northern Route

Others

*Taman Rekreasi Sultan Azlan Shah (formerly Taman Polo), a recreational area in

* Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, an international hockey tournament *At the 1982 Perak Domestic Tourism Exposition, the orchid that won the best plant award was named after Azlan Shah, "Doritinopsis Sultan Azlan Shah". *The insect genus '' Azlania'' was named in honour of him by The Malaysia Nature Society.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Azlan Shah of Perak 1928 births 2014 deaths 20th-century Malaysian judges Alumni of the University of Nottingham Chief justices of Malaysia Malaysian Muslims Malaysian people of Malay descent Marshals of the Royal Malaysian Air Force Monarchs of Malaysia People from British Malaya People from the Federated Malay States Azlan Shah Commanders of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia Commanders of the Order of the Defender of the Realm First Classes of Royal Family Order of Selangor First Classes of the Family Order of Terengganu First Classes of the Royal Family Order of Johor Grand Commanders of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia Members of the Royal Family Order of Kedah Recipients of the Darjah Kerabat Diraja Malaysia 20th-century Malaysian politicians 21st-century Malaysian politicians First Classes of the Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang Grand Crosses Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Knights of the Order of St John Recipients of the Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali Recipients of the Collar of Honour Recipients of the Grand Star of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria Recipients of the Order of Merit of Malaysia Recipients of the Order of the Crown of the Realm Sons of sultans