Nizatidine is a histamine H₂ receptor antagonist that inhibits

stomach acid Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid – of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining. In humans, the pH is between one and three, much lower than most other an ...

production, and is commonly used in the treatment of

peptic ulcer Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while ...

disease and

gastroesophageal reflux disease Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease in which stomach content persistently and regularly flows up into the esophagus, resulting in symptoms and/or ...

. It was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1988. It was developed by

Eli Lilly Eli Lilly (July 8, 1838 – June 6, 1898) was a Union Army officer, pharmacist, chemist, and businessman who founded Eli Lilly and Company. Lilly enlisted in the Union Army during the American Civil War and recruited a company of men to ...

Medical use

Nizatidine is used to treat

duodenal ulcers Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus The esophagus (American English), oesophagus (British English), ...

gastric ulcers Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while ...

, and

(GERD/GORD), and to prevent

stress ulcer A stress ulcer is a single or multiple mucosal defect usually caused by physiological (not psychological) stress which can become complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. These ulcers can be caused by shock, sepsis, trauma or other con ...

Adverse effects

Side effects are uncommon, usually minor, and include diarrhea, constipation, fatigue, drowsiness, headache, and muscle aches.

History and development

Nizatidine was developed by

, and was first marketed in 1988. It is considered to be equipotent with

ranitidine Ranitidine, previously sold under the brand name Zantac among others, is a medication used to decrease stomach acid production. It was commonly used in treatment of peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellis ...

and differs by the substitution of a

thiazole Thiazole (), or 1,3-thiazole, is a 5-membered heterocyclic compound that contains both sulfur and nitrogen. The term 'thiazole' also refers to a large family of derivatives. Thiazole itself is a pale yellow liquid with a pyridine-like odor and the ...

ring in place of the

furan Furan is a Heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic Ring (chemistry), ring with four carbon Atom, atoms and one oxygen atom. Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as f ...

ring in ranitidine. In September 2000, Eli Lilly announced they would sell the sales and marketing rights for Axid to

Reliant Pharmaceuticals Reliant Pharmaceuticals was a company purchased by GlaxoSmithKline in December 2007 for $1.65B. Co-founded by Joseph J. Krivulka. It was known for six major products, including Lovaza (Omega-3), Axid (H2 blocker), Dynacirc CR (calcium channel b ...

. Subsequently, Reliant developed the oral solution of Axid, marketing this in 2004, after gaining approval from the

U.S. Food and Drug Administration The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food ...

(FDA). However, a year later, they sold rights of the Axid Oral Solution (including the issued patent protecting the product) to

Braintree Laboratories Braintree may refer to: Places * Braintree, Essex, a town in England ** Braintree District ** Braintree (UK Parliament constituency) ** Braintree Town F.C., a football club in the town * Braintree, Massachusetts, U.S., a city ** Braintree High Scho ...

Society and culture

Brand names

Brand names include Tazac and Axid.

References

{{Portal bar , Medicine Drugs developed by Eli Lilly and Company H2 receptor antagonists Nitroethenes Thiazoles Thioethers