''Austrofusus'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of medium-sized sea snails or
whelk
Whelks are any of several carnivorous sea snail species with a swirling, tapered shell. Many are eaten by humans, such as the common whelk of the North Atlantic. Most whelks belong to the family Buccinidae and are known as "true whelks." Othe ...
s,
marine gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusc
Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Buccinidae
The Buccinidae are a very large and diverse taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks or true whelks.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Buccinidae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Ac ...
, the true whelks.
Description
Two extant species ''
Austrofusus glans'' and ''
A. chathamensis'' are
endemic
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...
to
New Zealand
New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...
waters,
[ Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ][Willan, R.C., de C. Cook, S., Spencer, H.G., Creese, R.G., O’Shea, S., Jackson, G.D. Phylum Mollusca. In: de C. Cook, S.C. (eds.), ''New Zealand Coastal Marine Invertebrates 1'', 395 – 396. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand ] but most species are
extinct
Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ...
and there is an abundant fossil record within the country.
[Beu, A.G. and Maxwell, P.A. 1990. Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin, 58.]
Evolution
''
Austrofusus glans'' is not closely related to other extant New Zealand
buccinid
The Buccinidae are a very large and diverse taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks or true whelks.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Buccinidae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...
whelks, and is instead related to the Northern Hemisphere genus ''
Colus
''Colus'' (lat. ''colus'', distaff) is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Colidae, the true whelks and the like.
Evolution
''Colus'' is related to the New Zealand genus ''Austrofusus''.
Taxonomy
The name ''Colus'' i ...
''.
Species
Species within the genus ''Austrofusus'' include:
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus acuticostatus''
(Suter, 1917)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus affiliatus''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus allani''
(King, 1934)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus alpha''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus apudalpha''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus beta''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus bicarinatus''
(Suter, 1917)
* ''
Austrofusus chathamensis''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1928)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus claviculus''
(King, 1933)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus cliftonensis''
( Marwick, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus coerulecens''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1930)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus cottoni''
(King, 1933)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus demissus''
( Marwick, 1931)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus flexuosus''
(Marshall, 1918)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus gamma''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
* ''
Austrofusus glans''
( Röding, 1798)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus latecostatus
''Austrofusus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or whelks, marine (ocean), marine gastropod molluscs in the family (biology), family Buccinidae, the true whelks.
Description
Two extant species ''Austrofusus glans'' and ''Austrofusus chath ...
''
(Suter, 1917)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus magnificus''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus marshalli''
(King], 1933)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus marwicki''
(King, 1933)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus ngatuturaensis''
(Bartrum & Powell, 1928)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus oneroaensis''
( Powell & Batrum, 1929)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus pagoda''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1924)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus pliocenicus''
( Powell, 1931)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus precursor''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
, 1926)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus soliarius''
(Dell
Dell Inc. is an American technology company that develops, sells, repairs, and supports personal computers (PCs), Server (computing), servers, data storage devices, network switches, software, computer peripherals including printers and webcam ...
, 1950)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus spiniferus''
(Finlay
Finlay is a masculine given name, and also a surname. The given name is represented in Scottish Gaelic as Fionnlagh.
Given name Finlay
*Finlay Calder, Scottish rugby player
* Finlay Christie (comedian), British comedian
* Finlay Christie, Scottis ...
& McDowall, 1923)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus taitae''
( Marwick, 1924)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Austrofusus valedictus''
(King, 1935)
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
(Neocola) Austrofusus zitteli''
(Suter, 1914)
;Species brought into synonymy:
* † ''Austrofusus propenodosa''
Bartrum, 1919: synonym of † ''
Zelandiella propenodosa''
(Bartrum, 1919)
References
Further reading
*
Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'',
William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
External links
Bartrum, J. A., and A. W. B. Powell. "Mollusca from Kaawa Creek beds, west coast, south of Waikato River." Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. Vol. 59. 1928
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3174891
Buccinidae