Auhaduddin Kermani
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Awḥad al-Dīn Ḥāmid ibn Abi ʾl-Fakhr Kirmānī (
Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
: اوحدالدین حامد بن ابی الفخر; died 21 March 1238) was a Persian poet and Ṣūfī mystic. Kirmānī studied under Rukn al-Dīn al-Sijāsī and joined the '' ṭarāʾiq'' (orders) of Quṭb al-Dīn al-Abharī and Abū Najīb al-Suhrawardī. He traveled from
Kirmān Kerman (; ) is a city in the Central District of Kerman County, Kerman province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. History Kerman was founded as a defensive outpost, with the name Veh-Ardashir, by Ard ...
through
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...
,
Iraq Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and ...
and
Syria Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to Syria–Turkey border, the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, t ...
and met many leading mystics and philosophers of the day, including Shams al-Dīn Tabrīzī,
Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī (), or simply Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century poet, Hanafi '' faqih'' (jurist), Maturidi theologian (''mutakallim''), and Sufi mystic born during the Khwarazmian Empire ...
, ʿUthmān Rūmī,
Saḍr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī Ṣadr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq ibn Muḥammad ibn Yūnus Qūnawī lternatively, Qūnavī, Qūnyawī (; 1207–1274), was a PersianF. E. Peters, "The Monotheists", Published by Princeton University Press, 2005. pg 330: "Al-Qunawi was a P ...
and
Fakhr al-Dīn al-ʿIrāqī Fakhr al-Din Iraqi (also spelled Araqi; ; 1213/14 – 1289) was a Persian Sufi poet of the 13th-century. He is principally known for his mixed prose and poetry work, the ''Lama'at'' ("Divine flashes"), as well as his ''divan'' (collection of sho ...
.Z. Safa (2011
987 Year 987 ( CMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * February 7 – Bardas Phokas (the Younger) and Bardas Skleros, two members of the military elite, begin a wi ...
, , Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 118–119.
In
Damascus Damascus ( , ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in the Levant region by population, largest city of Syria. It is the oldest capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. Kno ...
, he met
Ibn ʿArabī Ibn Arabi (July 1165–November 1240) was an Andalusian Sunni scholar, Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher who was extremely influential within Islamic thought. Out of the 850 works attributed to him, some 700 are authentic, while over 400 are ...
, who exercised a great influence on his ideas. He ended his life a teacher in
Baghdad Baghdad ( or ; , ) is the capital and List of largest cities of Iraq, largest city of Iraq, located along the Tigris in the central part of the country. With a population exceeding 7 million, it ranks among the List of largest cities in the A ...
, where he was rewarded by the caliph al-Mustanṣir in 1234/1235. He probably died on 21 March 1238. Kirmānī's writings belong to the tradition of ''
Shāhidbāzī The meditation known in Arabic as naẓar ila'l-murd (), "contemplation of the beardless" or Shahidbaazi () is a Sufi practice of spiritual realization. Peter Lamborn Wilson claims this as the use of "imaginal yoga" to transmute erotic desire i ...
'', seeing divine beauty in earthly things. He was criticized for the
homoerotic Homoeroticism is sexual attraction between members of the same sex, including both male–male and female–female attraction. The concept differs from the concept of homosexuality: it refers specifically to the desire itself, which can be tempor ...
nature of some of his writings...


Notes


References


Further reading

*
E. G. Browne Edward Granville Browne FBA (7 February 1862 – 5 January 1926) was a British Iranologist. He published numerous articles and books, mainly in the areas of history and literature. Life Browne was born in Stouts Hill, Uley, Gloucestershire, ...

''A Literary History of Persia'', Vol. 3.
Cambridge University Press, 1928. * Lloyd Ridgeon. ''Awḥad al-Dīn Kirmānī and the Controversy of the Sufi Gaze''. Routledge, 2017. *
Jan Rypka Jan Rypka, PhDr., Dr.Sc. (28 May 1886 in Kroměříž – 29 December 1968 in Prague) was a prominent Czech oriental studies, orientalist, translator, professor of Iranology and Turkology at Charles University, Prague. Jan Rypka was a participa ...

''History of Iranian Literature''.
Reidel Publishing Company, 1968. {{ASIN, B-000-6BXVT-K 1238 deaths Iranian Sufis Year of birth unknown