Augusto Barros Ferreira, better known as Augusto Barros, and simply Barros, is a Portuguese painter born on August 7, 1929, in Lisbon (

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

), and dead on February 10, 1998, in Lisbon. Abstractionist painter, and emblematic figure of the Parisian district of

Saint-Germain-des-Prés Saint-Germain-des-Prés () is one of the four administrative quarters of the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France, located around the church of the former Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. Its official borders are the River Seine on the nor ...

of the 1970s.

Biography

Childhood and beginnings in Portugal

Augusto Barros is painting since the age of 10. His parents have a neighbor painter, which clearly sparked him an early interest in painting. As a teenager, he often likes to go for a stroll at the

Port of Lisbon The Port of Lisbon ( Portuguese: ''Porto de Lisboa'') is the third-largest port in Portugal, mainly on the north sides of the Tagus's large natural harbour that opens west, through a short strait, onto the Atlantic Ocean. Each part lies against ce ...

, and contemplate the ocean. He sets himself the goal of going to the American continent, and for that purpose he learns English, on his own, through books and thanks to the travelers he meets at the port (so that at the age of 29, he was one of the interpreters of

Queen Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 19268 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II, her death in 2022. ...

, visiting Portugal in 1957). This linguistic competence will prove very useful for the studies he will undertake later in Germany, instead of being able to speak German. In 1952, at the age of 23, he studies painting and drawing at the SNBA (Portugal) with the master . Then, it is as a

model maker A Model maker is a professional Craftsperson who creates a three-dimensional representation of a design or concept. Most products in use and in development today first take form as a model. This "model" may be an exacting duplicate (prototype) of t ...

that he begins to earn a living. At the beach of

Carcavelos Carcavelos () was, until 2013, a civil parish in the Portuguese municipality of Cascais, about west of Lisbon. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Carcavelos e Parede. The parish was known for the Carcavelos wine. With the decline o ...

(Portugal), Barros happily meets Helena Ferreira, a teacher, who he will marry shortly after. From this union are born two children, Carlos Augusto Ferreira and Virginia Maria Ferreira. It's in 1959 that Barros exhibits his paintings for the first time to the public, at a (''Palácio Foz'', Portugal). Following this exhibition, he obtains a scholarship from the

Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (), commonly referred to simply as the Gulbenkian Foundation, is a Portuguese institution dedicated to the promotion of the arts, philanthropy, science, and education. One of the wealthiest charitable founda ...

, thanks to which he decides to go study in Germany. Indeed, like many other painters of his generation, Barros quickly realizes that he cannot succeed in his artistic career while remaining in Portugal. Neither the socio-cultural environment of the time, nor the political situation, were favorable to his formation and his inspiration.

Training in Germany

Barros therefore emigrated in 1961 to

Hamburg Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...

(Germany), to take courses at the

University of Fine Arts of Hamburg A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Univ ...

. He goes there alone, while remaining attached to his wife and children who have remained in Portugal. He spends nearly three years in Hamburg, two of which as a scholarship holder, during which he studies with the master , a former disciple of

Paul Klee Paul Klee (; 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940) was a Swiss-born German artist. His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and surrealism. Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented wi ...

. Interesting detail, since it was written later that "there is something of the art of Klee in Barros". He has his first solo exhibition on German soil in 1962, at the '. This exhibition is a great success, and finds a large echo in the German press. Many articles appear in the newspapers ''

Die Welt (, ) is a German national daily newspaper, published as a broadsheet by Axel Springer SE. is the flagship newspaper of the Axel Springer publishing group and it is considered a newspaper of record in Germany. Its leading competitors are the ...

Die Zeit (, ) is a German national weekly newspaper published in Hamburg in Germany. The newspaper is generally considered to be among the German newspapers of record and is known for its long and extensive articles. History The first edition of was ...

Hamburger Abendblatt ''Hamburger Abendblatt'' () is a German daily newspaper in Hamburg belonging to the Funke Mediengruppe, publishing Monday to Saturday. The paper focuses on news in Hamburg and its surrounds, and produces regional supplements with news from Norde ...

Bild ''Bild'' (, ) or ''Bild-Zeitung'' (, ) is a German tabloid newspaper published by Axel Springer SE. The paper is published from Monday to Saturday; on Sundays, its sister paper '' Bild am Sonntag'' () is published instead, which has a differen ...

'' and ''

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung The (; ''FAZ''; "Frankfurt General Newspaper") is a German newspaper founded in 1949. It is published daily in Frankfurt and is considered a newspaper of record for Germany. Its Sunday edition is the ''Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung'' ( ...

'', qualifying Barros' painting as being a "work of rigor, austerity, but also sensuality".

Artistic career in Paris

In 1963, Barros leave Germany and come for the first time to Paris, in the district of

. He is irresistibly drawn to this Paris center of the arts, but also to this "bohemian" Paris, which exudes freedom. Initially, he plans to stay there for a year or two, but he ends up settling there. It is indeed here that Barros feels at home, and it is there that he will establish great friendships, which will last until the end of his life. That same year 1963, Barros meets at the gallery "Le Divan" the Russian painter

Serge Poliakoff Serge Poliakoff (January 8, 1900 – October 12, 1969) was a Russian-born French modernist painter belonging to the 'New' École de Paris ( Tachisme). Biography Serge Poliakoff was born in Moscow in 1900, the thirteenth of fourteen children. H ...

, who will become a great friend. He also befriends the artists

Viera da Silva Viera may refer to: Places *Viera, Florida, a community in the United States *Viera, Piedmont, a subdivision in the municipality of Coggiola, province of Biella, Italy *The Dolmen de Viera or Dolmen de los Hermanos Viera, a type of single-cham ...

and

Árpád Szenes Árpád Szenes (also ; 6 May 1897 in Budapest – 16 January 1985 in Paris) was a Hungary, Hungarian-Jewish Abstract art, abstract painter who worked in France.Manuel Cargaleiro Manuel Cargaleiro (16 March 1927 – 30 June 2024) was a Portuguese artist who created ceramic and painting. Cargaleiro learned as an autodidact. He produced earthenware squares, the Portuguese Azulejo, an art that still has its importance in Por ...

, , , Paul Szasz, and Pedro Avelar. His first individual exhibition in Paris is given at the ''Galerie des jeunes'' in 1963, following which articles are devoted to him in the newspapers ''Artigos'' (No. 918 of 1963/05/19) and ' (, No. 976 of 1963/05/29). Later, in 1968, Barros meets Gualtieri di San Lazzaro, art critic and founder of the magazine . In turn, this leads Barros to work closely with a number of artists who were already famous at the time, such as

Man Ray Man Ray (born Emmanuel Radnitzky; August 27, 1890 – November 18, 1976) was an American naturalized French visual artist who spent most of his career in Paris. He was a significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealism, Surrealist movements, ...

Alberto Magnelli Alberto Magnelli (1 July 1888 – 20 April 1971) was an Italian modern painter who was a significant figure in the post war Concrete art movement. Biography Magnelli was born in Florence on July 1, 1888. In 1907 he started painting and, ...

, Émile Gilioli,

Max Ernst Max Ernst (; 2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German-born painter, sculptor, printmaker, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and surrealism in Europe. He had no formal artistic trai ...

, Miró,

Sonia Delaunay Sonia Delaunay (; 14 November 1885 – 5 December 1979) was a French artist born to Jewish parents, who spent most of her working life in Paris. She was born in the Russian Empire, now Ukraine, and was formally trained in Russia and Germany, be ...

and Camille Bryen. Following an exhibition at the ''Galerie de Beaune'' in 1969, subsequent articles appear in the newspapers ''Carrefour'' and ''

Les Lettres Françaises ''Les Lettres Françaises'' ( French for "The French Letters") is a French literary publication, founded in 1941 by writers Jacques Decour and Jean Paulhan. Originally a clandestine magazine of the French Resistance in German-occupied territo ...

''. Through

Marcelle Cahn Marcelle Cahn (March 1, 1895 - September 20, 1981) was a French painter and one of the members of Abstraction-Création. She was born in a Jewish family of Strasbourg, AlsaceMichel Seuphor. Recognizing the quality of Barros' painting, he dedicates an article to him in the journal ''XX^e siècle'' (No. XXXIV, ''Panorama 70''). On the family side, however, because of his distance from Portugal, and therefore from his family, the situation becomes precarious. After 8 years of estrangement, his family is asking for him. He then decides to bring his wife and children to Paris, where they join him and move in that same year 1969. Barros continues to make enriching encounters, for example in 1971, the year in which San Lazzaro introduced him to the poet and art critic Alain Jouffroy. In turn, he dedicated an article to him in the journal ''XX^e siècle'' (No. XXXIX, ''Panorama 72''). Barros is then interviewed in 1973 by Jean-Jacques Lévêque, and in the television program ''Forum des arts'' on

France Culture France Culture () is a French public radio channel and part of Radio France Radio France () is the French national public radio broadcaster. Stations Radio France offers seven national networks: *France Inter — Radio France's "generalist ...

( ORTF). Articles are devoted to Barros in the newspapers ''

Le Monde (; ) is a mass media in France, French daily afternoon list of newspapers in France, newspaper. It is the main publication of Le Monde Group and reported an average print circulation, circulation of 480,000 copies per issue in 2022, including ...

'' (), and ''

Le Figaro () is a French daily morning newspaper founded in 1826. It was named after Figaro, a character in several plays by polymath Pierre Beaumarchais, Beaumarchais (1732–1799): ''Le Barbier de Séville'', ''The Guilty Mother, La Mère coupable'', ...

''. Then in 1974, this is Egídio Álvaro's turn to dedicate a 3rd article to him in the magazine ''XX^e siècle'' (No. XLIII, ''Panorama 74, le surréalisme II''). From a professional and artistic point of view, he has a complete and full life. But Barros' life as an artist, and his bohemian, bon vivant, even seductive character, finally defeat his marriage. He divorces Helena in 1976. They remain on good terms nonetheless, Barros continuing to see her as "a friend, an ally". He will not marry again.

Between France and Portugal

During the 1980s, Barros divides his time between France and Portugal. When he is in Portugal, he lives in Porto Salvo in particular, which allows him to get closer to his daughter Virginia, and his sister Helena. At this time, however, his health begins to decline sharply. His bohemian life, and in particular the four packets of unfiltered

Gauloises Gauloises (, "Gaulish" eminine pluralin French; ''cigarette'' is a feminine noun in French) is a brand of cigarette of France, French origin. It is produced by the company Imperial Tobacco following its acquisition of Altadis in January 2008 ...

cigarettes he smokes every day, eventually catch up with him. During this time, he continues to exhibit in France and Portugal. Notably in 1980, at the exhibition "Première Biennale Art & Papier" in

Le Touquet Le Touquet-Paris-Plage (, Picard language, Picard: ''Ech Toutchet-Paris-Plache''), commonly referred to as Le Touquet (), is a Communes of France, commune near Étaples, in the Pas-de-Calais Departments of France, department, northern France. ...

(France), the French Secretary of State for Culture acquires a work by Augusto Barros (''Témpera sobre papel'') for the Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris. He accepts several radio and television interviews. Articles appear in 1982 in several Portuguese newspapers, ''

Diário de Notícias () is a Portuguese weekly newspaper published in Lisbon, Portugal. Established since 1864, the paper is considered a newspaper of record for Portugal. History and profile ''Diário de Notícias'' was first published in Lisbon on 29 December 1 ...

'', and '' Diário Popular''. Later, he is invited to represent Portugal at the ''24th Olympiad of Contemporary Arts'', held in

Seoul Seoul, officially Seoul Special Metropolitan City, is the capital city, capital and largest city of South Korea. The broader Seoul Metropolitan Area, encompassing Seoul, Gyeonggi Province and Incheon, emerged as the world's List of cities b ...

(

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...

) during the

1988 Summer Olympics The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and officially branded as Seoul 1988 (), were an international multi-sport event held from 17 September to 2 October 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. 159 nations were represe ...

. Then, in the early 1990s, Barros returns to Portugal definitively. In all, he has exhibited individually 24 times, and participated in 38 collective exhibitions. Barros dies on February 10, 1998, in Lisbon, at the age of 68.

In the Saint-Germain-des-Prés district

For Manuel Cargaleiro, to define the person of Barros and his work, it is necessary to be familiar with the district of

, a worldwide crossroad of the arts since the 1950s, and until the end of the 1970s. This Parisian district was notably, according to Jean-Jacques Lévêque, the historical theater "of the last great battles between

abstraction Abstraction is a process where general rules and concepts are derived from the use and classifying of specific examples, literal (reality, real or Abstract and concrete, concrete) signifiers, first principles, or other methods. "An abstraction" ...

and figuration" in the 1960s. It is in such a context that Barros joined this cultural center, when he settled there in 1963. Barros is fond of this district, where his small workshop is located (he once had a large workshop on the outskirts of Paris, but he stayed there only a very short time; he missed Germain-des-Prés). He is used to walking past the clock of the tower of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, reports Jeannine Quintin, and thus knowing if it's time to go to the "bistro", where he likes to meet up with his friends Man Ray, Poliakoff, or even Marino Marini. According to Jorge Guimarães, "it's not with impunity" that Barros lives alongside

Picasso Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and Scenic ...

, or that he meets at the café

Hans Hartung Hans Hartung (21 September 1904 – 7 December 1989) was a German-French painter, known for his gestural abstract style. He was also a decorated World War II veteran of the Legion d'honneur. Life Hartung was born in Leipzig, Germany, into an ...

Henri Michaux Henri Michaux (; 24 May 1899 – 19 October 1984) was a Belgian-born French poet, writer and painter. Michaux is renowned for his strange, highly original poetry and prose, and also for his art: the Paris Museum of Modern Art and the Guggenhei ...

. As for its regular buyers, we find particularly the

Pompidou Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou ( ; ; 5 July 19112 April 1974) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1969 until his death in 1974. He previously served as Prime Minister of France under President Charles de Gaulle from 19 ...

family, described as enlightened amateurs, and whose name is now more linked to contemporary art than to politics. Barros is thus described as being an emblematic figure of the Saint-Germain-des-Prés district of the 1970s, where he is called "le Portuguais" he Portuguese Man of sure meetings and friendships, he frequents many art critics, gallery directors, and famous artists. This is why it is said of Barros that he is not of any camp, any cenacle, but "companion of a few one of those whose legend has already taken hold".

The "fleeing" man

Although he frequents the elite, Barros is one of those who doesn't seek stardom. It is said of him, actually, that he "rejects marketing as a traveling companion". Of a particular temperament, he has forged the reputation for not speaking when it is imposed, and allows himself to miss many interviews and television programs to which he is invited. However, on the other hand, he can enjoy chatting for a day with anyone coming unexpectedly. This whole character can also be found in his relationship with art, and with the public. He is thus known to never make the slightest concession to the tastes of the public, or even to that of the merchants. When he had the honor of being invited to the ''24th Olympiad of Contemporary Arts'' in Seoul, he needed to be arm-twisted, and hesitated for a long time before accepting. As success rarely follows those who shun it, his career has inevitably suffered. According to Jeannine Quintin, Barros is one of those "cursed artists, the purest, whom only posterity recognizes". Thus, Barros can be described as a proud and upright man, but at the same time mysterious, capricious, modest. In short, to use the words of Jean-Jacques Lévêque, like a "fleeing" man.

His painting

Techniques and colors

If he occasionally paints in oil, Augusto Barros' favorite technique is undoubtedly the gouache, many people recognizing him as a major gouachist. The density of the gouache, associated with a grainy paper, allow him to obtain a rendering of its own, producing a slightly rough texture, in line with the themes of his painting. Finely torn paper and cardboard sometimes also appear in his works Colors often vary around bluish grays and ashy whites. For Jean-Marie Dunoyer, it is the painting of "architectures in the process of demolition", in reference to post-war Paris, but also "interior landscapes, rigor, austerity". At the same time, Barros also practices a more colorful painting, showing dull reds, orange ochres, different shades of blue, and predominantly black and white shapes and textures. He thus oscillates between these two types of painting – one austere and quasi-geometric, and the other sensual, even luxuriant. In a dictionary, Barros is thus described as a painter making use of an "abstractizing constructivism in muted colors". Indeed, it is often said that his painting is motivated by emotions alone. According to Jean-Jacques Lévêque for example, the painter abandons himself "to the solicitations of the emotions", thus going beyond the problem of representation. Jean-Marie Dunoyer, for his part, wrote that Barros' painting is much more than a technical feat, that his painting became flesh, "a living flesh, in direct contact with the emotion it gave birth"

Influences and evolution

Although we can perceive in his works the idiom of certain known currents (such as monochromy, or materiology), it is said of Barros' painting that it escapes the schools and the reigning theories, none of them being found as a "reductive finality". On the contrary, his painting is described as the result of a pleasure to paint, and a freedom of expression guided only by emotions. It is well known that Barros never paints upon request, nor according to the tastes of the public, but only when the need arises His palette is not exempt from influences, and it changes significantly during his life. Barros thus relates that, during his stay in Hamburg, his palette changed, the nostalgia and the climate having made him abandon bright and violent colors in favor of shades of gray. But it is not always the case, since on certain occasions Barros knows perfectly how to create colorful paintings, which he offers to his relatives. For Alain Jouffroy, in addition to the contemplation of the old Parisian walls, which we find in filigree in many of his works, the painting of

Nicolas de Staël Nicolas de Staël (; January 5, 1914 – March 16, 1955) was a French painter of Russian origin known for his use of a thick impasto and his highly abstract landscape painting. He also worked with collage, illustration and textiles. Early li ...

or Poliakoff must have served as a stimulus for Barros, and thus play a trigger role in front of the white paper. Music also plays an important role. It is thus said of Barros that he particularly appreciates devoting himself to painting in the evening, listening to classical music. He also sometimes paints with

jazz Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its roots are in blues, ragtime, European harmony, African rhythmic rituals, spirituals, h ...

in the background, but he never leaves these two registers For Ricardo Barletta, Italian art critic, we find in Barros' painting the same nostalgia and the same sadness as in

Fado Fado (; "destiny, fate") is a music genre which can be traced to the 1820s in Lisbon, Portugal, but probably has much earlier origins. Fado historian and scholar Rui Vieira Nery states that "the only reliable information on the history of fado ...

, a Portuguese musical genre. However, one will write that Barros is penalized neither by his origins, nor by his culture. For Manuel Cargaleiro, Barros' painting has very little Portuguese, and a lot of French, "Parisian"

lyricism Lyricism is a term used to describe a piece of art considered to have deep emotions. Its origin is found in the word ''lyric'', derived via Latin ' from the Greek ('), the adjectival form of ''lyre''. It is often employed to relate to the capab ...

, linked to

impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by visible brush strokes, open Composition (visual arts), composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage ...

cubism Cubism is an early-20th-century avant-garde art movement which began in Paris. It revolutionized painting and the visual arts, and sparked artistic innovations in music, ballet, literature, and architecture. Cubist subjects are analyzed, broke ...

and post-war

abstractionism Abstractionism is the theory that the mind obtains some or all of its concepts by abstracting them from concepts it already has, or from experience.Geach, Peter (1957) Mental Acts - Their Contents and Their Objects. Routledge Kegan Paul. One may, ...

. He thus defines Barros as a lyrical painter, attached to the Ecole de Paris, but whose work is very personal, difficult at first, because intimately linked to his person. Jean-Jacques Lévêque, for his part, wrote that Barros' painting "ended up resembling the man who made it"

Tributes

Two streets are dedicated to him in Portugal, bearing the name of ''Rua Augusto Barros'', in ( Oeiras), and

Charneca de Caparica Charneca de Caparica () is a former civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Lisbon metropolitan area, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Charneca de Caparica e Sobreda Charneca de Caparica e Sobreda is a civil parish in t ...

(

Almada Almada () is a city and a municipality in Portugal, located on the southern margin of the Tagus River, on the opposite side of the river from Lisbon. The two cities are connected by the 25 de Abril Bridge. The population of the municipality in 20 ...

Exhibitions

Individual exhibitions

* Galerie Commeter, Hamburg (Germany), 1962 * Galerie des jeunes, Paris, 1963 * National Society of Fine Arts (SNBA), Lisbon, 1964 * Galerie de Beaune, Paris, 1969. Exhibition presented by Suzanne de Coninck * Galeria São Francisco, Lisbon, 1971 * Galeria São Francisco, Lisbon, 1972. Exhibition presented by the art critic Egídio Álvaro * Galerie L.55, Paris, 1973. Exhibition presented by the journalist Jean-Marie Dunoyer * Galeria Dinastia, Lisbon, 1974 * Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Cultural Center, Paris, 1974 * Galeria Alvarez-Dois,

Porto Porto (), also known in English language, English as Oporto, is the List of cities in Portugal, second largest city in Portugal, after Lisbon. It is the capital of the Porto District and one of the Iberian Peninsula's major urban areas. Porto c ...

(Portugal), 1979 * Galeria Tempo, Lisbon, 1979 * Galeria de arte do casino

Estoril Estoril () is a town in the civil parish of Cascais e Estoril of the Portuguese Municipality of Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera. It is a popular tourist destination, with hotels, beaches, and the Casino Estoril. It has been home to numero ...

, Portugal, "Paysages intérieurs", 1982 * Alliance française, Lisbon, "Mon beau Paris", 1984 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, 1984 * International Art Gallery, Paris, 1985 * Alliance française, Lisbon, "Barros 85", 1985 * Edifício Chiado,

Coimbra Coimbra (, also , , or ), officially the City of Coimbra (), is a city and a concelho, municipality in Portugal. The population of the municipality at the 2021 census was 140,796, in an area of . The fourth-largest agglomerated urban area in Po ...

(Portugal), 1986 * Galeria I.A.M., Lisbon, 1986 * Alliance française, Lisbon, 1988 * Centre de arte Unibanco, Lisbon, 1989 * Alliance française, Lisbon, "Augusto Barros, recent paintings", 1991 * Galeria da secretaria regional de turismo,

Funchal Funchal () officially Funchal City (), is the capital, largest city and a Municipality (Portugal), municipality in Portugal's Madeira, Autonomous Region of Madeira, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. The city has a population of 105,795, making it ...

(

Madeira Madeira ( ; ), officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira (), is an autonomous Regions of Portugal, autonomous region of Portugal. It is an archipelago situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, in the region of Macaronesia, just under north of ...

), 1992 * Galeria de São Bento, Lisbon, "works from the 60s and 70s", 1997

Collective exhibitions

* Galeria national de arte, Lisbon, "Augusto Barros & Álvaro Pereira", 1963 * Galerie Eva Eyquem, Paris, 1964 * Institut de beauté Elizabeth Arden, Paris, 1964 * Árvore Gallery, Porto (Portugal), 1965 * Cultural Center of

Brussels Brussels, officially the Brussels-Capital Region, (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) is a Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium#Regions, region of Belgium comprising #Municipalit ...

, Belgium, "8 Portuguese painters", 1967 * Maison du Portugal, Paris, "Portuguese painters of Paris", 1967 * Souza-Cardoso Gallery, Brussels, "The Portuguese painters", 1968 * Salon Réalités Nouvelles No. 25, Paris, 1971 * Salon Réalités Nouvelles No. 26, Paris, 1972 * Municipal Theater of

Esch-sur-Alzette Esch-sur-Alzette (, ; ; or ''Esch an der Alzig'') is a city in Luxembourg and the country's List of communes of Luxembourg by population, second-most populous commune, with a population of 36,625 inhabitants, . It lies in the south-west of the ...

Luxembourg Luxembourg, officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in Western Europe. It is bordered by Belgium to the west and north, Germany to the east, and France on the south. Its capital and most populous city, Luxembour ...

, 1973 * Maison de la culture de

Saint-Étienne Saint-Étienne (; Franco-Provençal: ''Sant-Etiève''), also written St. Etienne, is a city and the prefecture of the Loire département, in eastern-central France, in the Massif Central, southwest of Lyon, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regi ...

, France, 1973 * Galerie L.55, Paris, "Confrontations", 1973 * Galeria São Francisco, Lisbon, "Diálogo 74", 1974 * Salon Réalités nouvelles No. 27, Paris, 1974 * , Paris, "Les Huns", 1978 * Cultural Center of

Brétigny-sur-Orge Brétigny-sur-Orge (, literally ''Brétigny on Orge'') is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France, from the city center. Origin of the city name The name of the settlement is attested as ''Britiniacum'' in 1146, as ''Bretigniacum' ...

, France, "Peinture portugaise actuelle", 1978 * Primeira Bienal de Arte,

Vila Nova de Cerveira Vila Nova de Cerveira () is a municipality in the district of Viana do Castelo in Portugal. The population in 2021 was 8,923, in an area of 108.47 km2. The municipal holiday is October 1. Parishes Administratively, the municipality is divid ...

(Portugal), 1978 * Exhibition ''Identidade cultural e massificação'', 1978 * First Art & Paper Biennial of

, France, 1980 * Carrefour de l'Europe, Nantes (France), "Avec les peintres portugais contemporains", 1981 * Galerie d'art international, Paris, 1981 * Zarathustra Galery,

Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...

, "Arte incontro", 1981 * Ministry of Culture, Lisbon, "Artistas portugueses residentes no estrangeiro", 1982 * Salon Réalités nouvelles No. 36, Paris, 1982 * Commemorative exhibition of

Portugal Day Portugal Day, officially Portugal, Camões, and Portuguese Communities Day (), is the national day of Portugal celebrated annually on 10 June. It is one of the public holidays in Portugal and celebrated by Portuguese people throughout the world ...

Figueira da Foz Figueira da Foz (), officially Figueira da Foz City (), often called simply Figueira for short, is a city and a municipality in the Coimbra District, in Portugal. Practically at the midpoint of the Iberian Peninsula's Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coa ...

, 1982 * Alliance française, Lisbon, "Pintores portugueses de Paris", 1983 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "25 anos ao serviço da arte e da cultura", 1983 * Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1984 * Galeria Almada Negreiros, 1984 * Galeria de

Constância Constância () is a municipality in Santarém District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 4,056, in an area of 80.37 km². Conquered from the Moors in 1150, it was given the status of 'town' in 1571 through a charter from King Sebastia ...

, Portugal, 1987 * 24th Olympiad for Contemporary Arts,

(

), 1988 * Exhibition ''Exponor II'', Porto (Portugal), 1989 * Galeria de

, Portugal, 1989 * Exhibition ''Exponor III'', Porto (Portugal), 1990 * Galeria triângulo 48, Lisbon, 1990 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão Pequeno Formato", 1990 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão de outono", 1990 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão de outono XII", 1991 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Augusto Barros & Edgardo Xavier", 1992 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Uma galeria com história", 1993 * Galeria de arte do casino Estoril, Portugal, "Salão de outono XIII", 1994 * Artes plásticas, Beja (Portugal), "Pintura e escultura", 1997

Notes and references

Appendices

Bibliography

* Egídio Álvaro, ''Panorama 74 – Le surréalisme II'', XX^e siècle (magazine), No. XLIII, December 1974 * Alain Jouffroy, ''Panorama 72 – II'', XX^e siècle (magazine), No. XXXIX, December 1972 * Michel Seuphor, ''Panorama 70 – I'', XX^e siècle (magazine), No. XXXIV, June 1970 * Michel Seuphor, ''L'Art abstrait'' bstract Art Paris, Maeght, 1970/1974 * Jean-Jacques Lévêque, ''Art et architecture actuels 32e année'', No. 176, Paris, Cimaise, 1985 * Fernando de Pamplona, ''Dicionário de Pintores e Escultores Portugueses'' Dictionary of Portuguese painters and sculptors" Vol. 1, Porto, Livraria civilização editora, 1987, (2nd Actualizada) * Michael Tannock, ''Portuguese 20th century artists: A biographical dictionary'', Stroud, Phillimore & Co Ltd, 1978/01/01

Abstract art Abstract art uses visual language of shape, form, color and line to create a Composition (visual arts), composition which may exist with a degree of independence from visual references in the world. ''Abstract art'', ''non-figurative art'', ''non- ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barros, Augusto 1929 births 1998 deaths Portuguese abstract painters School of Paris 20th-century Portuguese painters Portuguese male painters Portuguese expatriates in France Artists from Lisbon