Monument to Auger Galhard in Rabastens
Augièr Galhard was a 16th-century
Occitan language
Occitan (; ), also known by its native speakers as (; ), sometimes also referred to as Provençal, is a Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran in Catalonia; collectively, ...
writer from western
Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (, , ; ) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately .
History
...
.
[Also known as Auger Galhard and Auger Gaillard]
Biography
He was first a wheelwright (for this reason he is also known under the name of ''Lo Rodièr de rabastens'', "rodièr" meaning wheelwright in Occitan language) born in
Rabastens in 1540. He then served as a
huguenot
The Huguenots ( , ; ) are a Religious denomination, religious group of French people, French Protestants who held to the Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, ...
soldier during the
War of Religion
A religious war or a war of religion, sometimes also known as a holy war (), is a war and conflict which is primarily caused or justified by differences in religion and beliefs. In the modern period, there are frequent debates over the extent t ...
under the command of
Guillaume de Lherm.
Augièr Galhard was also a
rebec
The rebec (sometimes rebecha, rebeckha, and other spellings, pronounced or ) is a bowed stringed instrument of the Medieval era and the early Renaissance. In its most common form, it has a narrow boat-shaped body and one to five strings.
Origins ...
player and (both as a poet and as a musician) became an entertainer and thus earn his life both as a soldier and as an artist. Since his carried draw him to northern France, he also composed poetry in
French language
French ( or ) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, it descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. French evolved from Northern Old Gallo-R ...
.
Galhard finally settle in
Bearn, political center of
Kingdom of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre ( ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost areas originally reaching the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay), between present-day Spain and France.
The me ...
Calvinist
Reformed Christianity, also called Calvinism, is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. In the modern day, it is largely represented by the Continental Reformed Protestantism, Continenta ...
court, where the regent
Catherine de Bourbon
Catherine of Bourbon (7 February 1559 – 13 February 1604) was a Navarrese princess regent. She was the daughter of Queen Jeanne III of Navarre and King Antoine de Bourbon. She ruled the principality of Béarn in the name of her brother, ...
granted him a private income.
Literary work
Occitan critics such as
Jean-Baptiste Noulet
Jean-Baptiste Noulet (1 May 1802 – 24 May 1890) was a French scientist and naturalist who helped to prove the archæological existence of humans and was one of the pioneers of the scientific discipline of prehistoric archaeology. He was born in V ...
and
Robert Lafont
The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' () "fame, glory, honour, praise, reno ...
mention three Occitan language books written by Augièr Galhard :
* ''Las Obras'' (''Las Obros'' in the original graphy) printed in 1579, at first censored.
* ''Lo libre gràs'' (''Lou libre gras'') printed ''1581'' censored for being obscene, with no known remaining edition.
* ''Lo banquet'' (''Lou banquet'')
References and notes
Bibliography
Gustave de Caussade, ''Poésies languedociennes et françaises d'Augier Gaillard'', Éd. S. Rodière, Albi, 1843
Further reading
* Noulet, Jean-Baptiste. ''Essai sur l'histoire littéraire des patois du Midi''. Paris : Técherner, 1859.
* Anatole, Christian. Lafont, Robert. ''Nouvelle histoire de la littérature occitane''. Paris : PUF, 1970.
External links
Augièr Galhard's ''Poesias'' on Google BooksAugièr Galhard's work on Gallica.fr (French National Library)El ''Apocalypse ou Révélation de Saint Jean'' (Glahard's French compositions) on Gallica.fr (French National Library)''Lo banquet'' on Gallica.fr
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Occitan-language writers
16th-century French poets