Athenaeus of Attalia () (1st century AD), was a

physician A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the Medical education, study, Med ...

, and the founder of the Pneumatic school of medicine. He was born in

Cilicia Cilicia () is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Cilicia has a population ranging over six million, concentrated mostly at the Cilician plain (). The region inclu ...

, at Attalia according to

Galen Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (; September 129 – AD), often Anglicization, anglicized as Galen () or Galen of Pergamon, was a Ancient Rome, Roman and Greeks, Greek physician, surgeon, and Philosophy, philosopher. Considered to be one o ...

, or at Tarsus according to

Caelius Aurelianus Caelius Aurelianus of Sicca in Numidia was a Greco-Roman physician and writer on medical topics. He is best known for his translation from Greek to Latin of a work by Soranus of Ephesus, ''On Acute and Chronic Diseases''. He probably flourished ...

. He was the tutor to Theodorus, and appears to have practised medicine at

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

with great success. Athenaeus appears to have written extensively, as the twenty-fourth volume of one of his works is quoted by Galen, and the twenty-ninth by

Oribasius Oribasius or Oreibasius (; c. 320 – 403) was a Greek medical writer and the personal physician of the Roman emperor Julian. He studied at Alexandria under physician Zeno of Cyprus before joining Julian's retinue. He was involved in Julian's ...

. Nothing, however, remains but the titles (his chief work being Περὶ βοηθημάτων lit. ''On Remedies''), and some fragments preserved by Oribasius. Galen gives the following report:

Athenaeus of Attaleia ... founded the medical school known as the Pneumatists. It suits his doctrine to speak of a containing cause in illness since he bases himself upon the Stoics and he was a pupil and disciple of
Posidonius Posidonius (; , "of Poseidon") "of Apameia" (ὁ Ἀπαμεύς) or "of Rhodes" (ὁ Ῥόδιος) (), was a Greeks, Greek politician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, historian, mathematician, and teacher native to Apamea (Syria), Apame ...
... Athenaeus’ three types are as follows: the first consists of containing causes, the second of preceding causes, and the third of the matter of antecedent causes: for this is what they call everything external to the body which harms it and produces disease in it. If what is produced in the body belongs to the class of what causes disease, then, while it has not actually brought the disease about, it is called the preceding cause. Alterations are produced in the natural ''pneuma'' by these .e., precedingcauses together with those which are external .e., antecedent causes and with the body moistened or desiccated, chilled or heated, these are said to be the containing causes of diseases. (Galen, ''On Sustaining Causes'' 2.1–4)trans. R.J. Hankinson, "Stoicism and Medicine," in Brad Inwood (ed.), ''The Cambridge Companion to the Stoics'', p. 303, cf. A. A. Long and
David Sedley David Neil Sedley FBA (born 30 May 1947) is a British philosopher and historian of philosophy. He was the seventh Laurence Professor of Ancient Philosophy at Cambridge University. Early life Sedley was educated at Trinity College, Oxford wher ...
, ''The Hellenistic Philosophers'', vol. 1, pp. 33
335
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References

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1st-century Greek physicians 1st-century Roman physicians {{AncientGreece-writer-stub