Atef Muhammad Ebeid (, ; 14 April 1932 – 12 September 2014) was an Egyptian politician who served in various capacities in the governments of Egypt. He was

prime minister of Egypt A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...

from 1999 to 2004.

Early life and education

Ebeid was born in

Tanta Tanta ( ' ) is a city in Egypt. Tanta had a population of 658,798 in 2018, making it the fifth most populous city in Egypt. Tanta is located between Cairo and Alexandria: north of Cairo and southeast of Alexandria. The capital of Gharbia Gove ...

, Gharbia Governorate, on 14 April 1932. He graduated from

Cairo University Cairo University () is Egypt's premier public university. Its main campus is in Giza, immediately across the Nile from Cairo. It was founded on 21 December 1908;"Brief history and development of Cairo University." Cairo University Faculty of En ...

in 1955 and received a PhD from the

University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC, U of I, Illinois, or University of Illinois) is a public land-grant research university in the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, Illinois, United States. Established in 1867, it is the f ...

in 1962.

Career

Ebeid was professor of business at

until joining politics. In the 1980s he was the Minister of Cabinet Affairs. He served as the Minister for Domestic Development under the Sedki government, and then as Minister of Planning in the government of Kamal Ganzouri. He served as Prime Minister from 5 October 1999 to July 2004. He was sworn in on 5 October 1999, replacing Ganzouri. Ebeid served as the acting president of Egypt from 20 June 2004 to 6 July 2004, a period during which President

Hosni Mubarak Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (; 4 May 1928 – 25 February 2020) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011 and the 41st Prime Minister of Egypt, prime minister from 1981 to ...

was receiving medical treatment in

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

. He was also an economic advisor to Mubarak. He resigned on 9 July 2004, amid increasing pressure from part of the business community demanding more rapid privatization and less state regulation. Ahmed Nazif replaced him in the post. Then Ebeid headed the Arab International Bank, a popular post with former Egyptian prime ministers. In April 2011 he was removed from office by Prime Minister

Essam Sharaf Essam Abdel-Aziz Sharaf (, ; born 1952) is an Egyptian academic who was the Prime Minister of Egypt from 3 March 2011 to 7 December 2011. He served as minister of transportation from 2004 to 2005. Early life and education Sharaf was born in Giz ...

due to corruption allegations. He also wrote for the '' Akhbar Alyoum''.

Controversy

Ebeid was sentenced to ten years in prison on 1 March 2012 for squandering public funds. His assets were also frozen previously. In early January 2013 the Egypt's Court of Appeal overturned the verdict and ordered the ex-PM's retrial, which was held at late January 2013. The court again acquitted him of fraud charges in land case. He died on 12 September 2014.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ebeid, Atef 1932 births 2014 deaths 20th-century prime ministers of Egypt 21st-century prime ministers of Egypt Cairo University alumni University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni Academic staff of Cairo University National Democratic Party (Egypt) politicians Heads of government who were later imprisoned Egyptian politicians convicted of crimes