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The NASA Astronaut Corps is a unit of the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
National Aeronautics and Space Administration The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the United States's civil space program, aeronautics research and space research. Established in 1958, it su ...
(NASA) that selects, trains, and provides
astronaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a List of human spaceflight programs, human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member of a spa ...
s as crew members for U.S. and international space missions. It is based at
Johnson Space Center The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) is NASA's center for human spaceflight in Houston, Texas (originally named the Manned Spacecraft Center), where human spaceflight training, research, and flight controller, flight control are conducted. ...
in
Houston Houston ( ) is the List of cities in Texas by population, most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and in the Southern United States. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the county seat, seat of ...
, Texas.


History

The first American astronaut candidates were selected by NASA in 1959, for its
Project Mercury Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States, running from 1958 through 1963. An early highlight of the Space Race, its goal was to put a man into Earth orbit and return him safely, ideally before the Soviet Un ...
with the objective of orbiting astronauts around the
Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to Planetary habitability, harbor life. This is enabled by Earth being an ocean world, the only one in the Solar System sustaining liquid surface water. Almost all ...
in single-man capsules. The military services were asked to provide a list of military test pilots who met specific qualifications. After stringent screening, NASA announced its selection of the "
Mercury Seven The Mercury Seven were the group of seven astronauts selected to fly spacecraft for Project Mercury. They are also referred to as the Original Seven and Astronaut Group 1. Their names were publicly announced by NASA on April 9, 1959: Scott ...
" as its first astronauts. Since then, NASA has selected 22 more groups of astronauts, opening the corps to civilians, scientists, doctors, engineers, and schoolteachers. As of the 2009 Astronaut Class, 61% of the astronauts selected by NASA have come from military service. NASA selects candidates from a diverse pool of applicants with a wide variety of backgrounds. From the thousands of applications received, only a few are chosen for the intensive astronaut candidate training program. Including the "Original Seven", 339 candidates have been selected to date.


Organization

The Astronaut Corps is based at the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in
Houston Houston ( ) is the List of cities in Texas by population, most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and in the Southern United States. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the county seat, seat of ...
, although members may be assigned to other locations based on mission requirements, e.g. Soyuz training at Star City, Russia. The
Chief of the Astronaut Office The Chief of the Astronaut Office is the most senior leadership position for active astronauts at the NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Chief Astronaut serves as head of the NASA Astronaut Corps and is the principal ...
is the most senior leadership position for active astronauts in the Corps. The Chief Astronaut serves as head of the Corps and is the principal adviser to the
NASA Administrator The administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the highest-ranking official of NASA, the national List of space agencies, space agency of the United States. The administrator is NASA's chief decision maker, responsible ...
on astronaut training and operations. The first Chief Astronaut was
Deke Slayton Donald Kent "Deke" Slayton (March 1, 1924 – June 13, 1993) was an American Air Force pilot, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and one of the original NASA Mercury Seven astronauts. He went on to become NASA's first Chief of the Astronaut O ...
, appointed in 1962. The current Chief Astronaut is Joe Acaba.


Salary

Salaries for newly hired civilian astronauts are based on the federal government's
General Schedule The General Schedule (GS) is the predominant pay scale within the United States civil service. The GS includes the majority of white collar personnel (professional, technical, administrative, and clerical) positions. , 71 percent of federal civi ...
pay scale for grades GS-11 through GS-14. The astronaut's grade is based on the astronaut's academic achievements and experience. Astronauts can be promoted up to grade GS-15. As of 2015, astronauts based at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, earn between $66,026 (GS-11 step 1) and $158,700 (GS-15 step 8 and above). As of the new astronaut candidate class announcement of 2024, astronaut candidates will be removed from the GS pay scale and be paid on an AD 'Administratively Determined" scale. Military astronauts are detailed to the Johnson Space Center and remain on active duty for pay, benefits, leave, and similar military matters.


Qualifications

There are no age restrictions for the NASA Astronaut Corps. Astronaut candidates have ranged between the ages of 26 and 46, with the average age being 34. Candidates must be U.S. citizens to apply for the program. There are three broad categories of qualifications: education, work experience, and medical. Candidates must have a
master's degree A master's degree (from Latin ) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional prac ...
from an accredited institution in
engineering Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to Problem solving#Engineering, solve problems within technology, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve Systems engineering, s ...
,
biological science Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms. It is a broad natural science that encompasses a wide range of fields and unifying principles that explain the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of ...
,
physical science Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together is called the "physical sciences". Definition ...
or
mathematics Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many ar ...
. The degree must be followed by at least two to three years of related, progressively responsible, professional experience (graduate work or studies) or at least 1,000 hours of pilot-in-command time in jet aircraft. An advanced degree is desirable and may be substituted for experience, such as a doctoral degree (which counts as the two years experience). Teaching experience, including experience at the
K–12 K–12, from kindergarten to 12th grade, is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported sch ...
levels, is considered to be qualifying experience. Candidates must have the ability to pass the NASA long-duration space flight physical, which includes the following specific requirements: * Distant and near visual acuity: Must be correctable to 20/20, each eye separately (corrective lenses such as glasses are allowed) * The refractive surgical procedures of the eye, PRK and
LASIK LASIK or Lasik (; "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis"), commonly referred to as laser eye surgery or laser vision correction, is a type of refractive surgery for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. LASIK surgery is p ...
, are allowed, providing at least 1 year has passed since the date of the procedure with no permanent adverse after effects. * Blood pressure not to exceed 140/90 measured in a sitting position * Standing height between 62 and 75 inches


Members


Active astronauts

, the corps has 46 "active" astronauts consisting of 19 women and 27 men The highest number of active astronauts at one time was in 2000 when there were 149. All of the current astronaut corps are from the classes of 1996 (Group 16) or later. Missions in ''italics'' are scheduled and subject to change. There are also "international active astronauts", who are assigned to duties at the Johnson Space Center, and who were selected by their home agency to train as part of a NASA Astronaut Group and serve alongside their NASA counterparts. While the international astronauts go through training with the NASA Astronaut Corps, they are not considered members of the corps.


Management astronauts

, the corps has 12 "management" astronauts, who remain NASA employees but are no longer eligible for flight assignment. The management astronauts included personnel chosen to join the corps as early as 1987 (Group 12) and as recently as 2009 (Group 20).


Astronaut candidates

The term "Astronaut Candidate" (informally "ASCAN") refers to individuals who have been selected by NASA as candidates for the NASA Astronaut Corps and are currently undergoing a candidacy training program at the
Johnson Space Center The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) is NASA's center for human spaceflight in Houston, Texas (originally named the Manned Spacecraft Center), where human spaceflight training, research, and flight controller, flight control are conducted. ...
. The most recent class of astronaut candidates was selected in 2021. Only three astronaut candidates have resigned before completing training: Brian O'Leary and Anthony Llewellyn, both from the 1967 Selection Group, and Robb Kulin of the 2017 group. O'Leary resigned in April 1968 after additional Apollo missions were cancelled, Llewellyn resigned in August 1968 after failing to qualify as a jet pilot, and Kulin resigned in August 2018 for unspecified personal reasons.chron.com/news/nation-world/space/article/2017-NASA-astronaut-candidate-resigning-this-month-13185081.php Another astronaut candidate,
Stephen Thorne Stephen John Thorne (2 March 1935 – 26 May 2019) was a British actor of radio, film, stage, and television. He was best known for his regular BBC Radio 4 work and audiobook recordings, and for his portrayals of a few ''Doctor Who'' villains, ...
, died in an airplane accident before he could finish astronaut training.


Former members

Selection as an astronaut candidate and subsequent promotion to astronaut does not guarantee the individual will eventually fly in space. Some have voluntarily resigned or been medically disqualified after becoming astronauts before being selected for flights. Civilian candidates are expected to remain with the corps for at least five years after initial training; military candidates are assigned for specific tours. After these time limits, members of the Astronaut Corps may resign or retire at any time. Three members of the Astronaut Corps (
Gus Grissom Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom (April 3, 1926 – January 27, 1967) was an American engineer and pilot in the United States Air Force, as well as one of the original Mercury Seven selected by the NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration fo ...
,
Edward White Edward, Ed, or Eddie White may refer to: Arts and entertainment *Edward White (composer) (1910–1994), British composer *Edward Gates White (1918–1992), American musician *Edward J. White (1903–1973), American film producer *Edward Lucas Whi ...
, and Roger B. Chaffee) were killed during a ground test accident while preparing for the
Apollo 1 Apollo 1, initially designated AS-204, was planned to be the first crewed mission of the Apollo program, the American undertaking to land the first man on the Moon. It was planned to launch on February 21, 1967, as the first low Earth orbital ...
mission. Fourteen were killed during spaceflight on Space Shuttle missions
STS-51-L STS-51-L was the disastrous 25th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It was planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six day ...
and
STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...
. Another four (
Elliot See Elliot McKay See Jr. (July 23, 1927 – February 28, 1966) was an American engineer, United States naval aviator, naval aviator, test pilot and NASA astronaut. See received an appointment to the United States Merchant Marine Academy in 1945. H ...
,
Charles Bassett Charles Arthur "Charlie" Bassett II (December 30, 1931 – February 28, 1966) (Major, USAF) was an American electrical engineer and United States Air Force test pilot. He went to Ohio State University for two years and later graduated from Tex ...
,
Theodore Freeman Theodore Cordy Freeman (February 18, 1930 – October 31, 1964), was an American aeronautical engineer, U.S. Air Force officer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. Selected in the third group of NASA astronauts in 1963, he was killed a year later ...
, and Clifton Williams) were killed in
T-38 T38 or T-38 may refer to: Aviation * Allison T38, an American turboprop aircraft engine * Northrop T-38 Talon, an American jet trainer aircraft * Slingsby T.38 Grasshopper, a British training glider Other uses * T38 (classification), a disabi ...
plane crashes during training for spaceflight during the
Gemini Gemini most often refers to: * Gemini (constellation), one of the constellations of the zodiac * Gemini (astrology), an astrological sign Gemini may also refer to: Science and technology Space * Gemini in Chinese astronomy, the Gemini constellat ...
and
Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which Moon landing, landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo followed Project Mercury that put the first Americans in sp ...
s.
Another Another may refer to: * anOther or Another Magazine, a culture and fashion magazine * ''Another'' (novel), a Japanese horror novel ** ''Another'' (film), a Japanese 2012 live-action film based on the novel ** ''Another'' (TV series), a Japanese ...
was killed in a 1967 automobile accident, and
another Another may refer to: * anOther or Another Magazine, a culture and fashion magazine * ''Another'' (novel), a Japanese horror novel ** ''Another'' (film), a Japanese 2012 live-action film based on the novel ** ''Another'' (TV series), a Japanese ...
died in a 1991 commercial airliner crash while traveling on NASA business. Two members of the corps have been involuntarily dismissed:
Lisa Nowak Lisa Marie Nowak (née Caputo; born May 10, 1963) is an American aeronautical engineer, former NASA astronaut, and retired United States Navy officer. Nowak served as naval flight officer and test pilot in the Navy, and was selected by NASA fo ...
and
William Oefelein William Anthony "Bill" Oefelein (; born March 29, 1965) is an American freelance adventure writer and photographer and former NASA astronaut who, on his only spaceflight, piloted the STS-116 Space Shuttle mission. Oefelein gained media attention ...
. Both were returned to service with the
US Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...
.


A

* James Adamson –
STS-28 STS-28 was the 30th NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission, the fourth shuttle mission dedicated to United States Department of Defense (DoD) purposes, and the eighth flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The ...
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STS-43 STS-43, the ninth mission for Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'', was a nine-day mission whose primary goal was launching the TDRS-5, TDRS-E satellite (TDRS-5). The flight also tested an advanced heatpipe radiator for potential ...
*
Thomas Akers Thomas Dale Akers (born May 20, 1951) is a former American astronaut in NASA's Space Shuttle program. Education Akers was the valedictorian of his 29-member 1969 senior class from Eminence, Missouri. He worked summers as a park ranger in the 8 ...
– STS-41,
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
,
STS-61 STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The missi ...
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STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
*
Buzz Aldrin Buzz Aldrin ( ; born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American former astronaut, engineer and fighter pilot. He made three extravehicular activity, spacewalks as pilot of the 1966 Gemini 12 mission, and was the Lunar Module Eag ...
–
Gemini 12 Gemini 12 (officially Gemini XII) With Gemini IV, NASA changed to Roman numerals for Gemini mission designations. was a 1966 crewed spaceflight in NASA's Project Gemini. It was the 10th and final crewed Gemini flight (Gemini 1 and Gemini 2 were ...
,
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was a spaceflight conducted from July 16 to 24, 1969, by the United States and launched by NASA. It marked the first time that humans Moon landing, landed on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin l ...
* Andrew Allen –
STS-46 STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using and was launched on July 31, 1992, and landed on August 8, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Gallery File:Sts046-99-039 - cropped.jpg, EURECA after deployment File ...
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STS-62 STS-62 was a Space Shuttle program mission flown aboard . The primary payloads were the USMP-02 microgravity experiments package and the OAST-2 engineering and technology payload, both in the orbiter's cargo bay. The two-week mission also featu ...
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STS-75 STS-75 was a 1996 NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 19th mission of the orbiter. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission objective Tethered Satellite System The primary objective of STS-75 was to carry the Tethered Satellite System Reflight (TS ...
* Joseph Allen –
STS-5 STS-5 was the fifth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. It launched on November 11, 1982, and landed five days later on November 16, 1982. STS-5 was the first Space Shuttle mission to deploy comm ...
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STS-51-A STS-51-A (formerly STS-19) was the 14th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the second flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center on November 8, 1984, and landed just under eight days later on ...
*
Scott Altman Scott Douglas "Scooter" Altman (born August 15, 1959) is a retired United States Navy Captain and naval aviator, engineer, test pilot and former NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of four Space Shuttle missions. His fourth mission on STS-125 was the ...
–
STS-90 STS-90 was a 1998 Space Shuttle mission flown by the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The 16-day mission marked the last flight of the European Space Agency's Spacelab laboratory module, which had first flown on ''Columbia'' on STS-9, and was also th ...
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STS-106 STS-106 was a 2000 Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. Crew Spacewalks * '' Lu and Malenchenko '' – EVA 1 *EVA 1 Start: 11 September 2000 – 04:47 UTC *EVA 1 End: 11 Septembe ...
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STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...
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STS-125 STS-125, or HST-SM4 (Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4), was the fifth and final Space Shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The launch of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' occurred on May 11, 2009, at 2:01 pm EDT. Land ...
*
William Anders William Alison Anders (17 October 1933 – 7 June 2024) was an American United States Air Force (USAF) major general, electrical engineer, nuclear engineer, NASA astronaut, and businessman. In December 1968, he was a member of the crew of ...
–
Apollo 8 Apollo 8 (December 21–27, 1968) was the first crewed spacecraft to leave Sphere of influence (astrodynamics), Earth's gravitational sphere of influence, and the first human spaceflight to reach the Moon. The crew orbited the Moon ten times ...
*
Clayton Anderson Clayton Conrad Anderson (born February 23, 1959) is a retired NASA astronaut. Launched on STS-117, he replaced Sunita Williams on June 10, 2007, as a member of the ISS Expedition 15 crew. He is currently an author, a motivational speaker, and a P ...
–
STS-117 STS-117 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 13A) was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center on June ...
/
STS-120 STS-120 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) that launched on October 23, 2007, from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The mission is also referred to as ISS-10A by the ISS program. STS-120 delivered the ''Harmony ...
(Expedition 15),
STS-131 STS-131 ( ISS assembly flight 19A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Sp ...
* Michael Anderson –
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
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STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...
* Dominic Antonelli –
STS-119 STS-119 ( ISS assembly flight 15A) was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' during March 2009. It was Discovery's 36th flight. It delivered and assembled the fourth star ...
,
STS-132 STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on May 16, 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 14, 2010. The pri ...
*
Jerome Apt Jerome "Jay" Apt III (born April 28, 1949) is an American astronaut and professor at Carnegie Mellon University. Before becoming an astronaut, Apt was a physicist who worked on the Pioneer Venus 1978 space probe project, and used visible light an ...
–
STS-37 STS-37, the thirty-ninth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the eighth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a six-day mission with the primary objective of launching the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the second of the Great Observ ...
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STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' b ...
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STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
*
Lee Archambault Lee Joseph "Bru" Archambault (born August 25, 1960) is an American test pilot and former NASA astronaut. He has logged over 4,250 flight hours in more than 30 different aircraft. Archambault is married with three children. His hobbies include bicy ...
–
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Neil Armstrong Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aerospace engineering, aeronautical engineer who, in 1969, became the Apollo 11#Lunar surface operations, first person to walk on the Moon. He was al ...
–
Gemini 8 Gemini 8 (officially Gemini VIII) With Gemini IV, NASA changed to Roman numerals for Gemini mission designations. was the sixth crewed spaceflight in NASA's Project Gemini, Gemini program. It was launched on March 16, 1966, and was the 14th crew ...
,
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was a spaceflight conducted from July 16 to 24, 1969, by the United States and launched by NASA. It marked the first time that humans Moon landing, landed on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin l ...
* Richard Arnold –
STS-119 STS-119 ( ISS assembly flight 15A) was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' during March 2009. It was Discovery's 36th flight. It delivered and assembled the fourth star ...
,
Soyuz MS-08 Soyuz MS-08 was a Soyuz spaceflight that launched on 21 March 2018. It transported three members of the Expedition 55 crew to the International Space Station The International Space Station (ISS) is a large space station that was Assembl ...
(Expedition 55/56) * Jeffrey Ashby –
STS-93 STS-93 in 1999 marked the 95th launch of the Space Shuttle, the 26th launch of Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', and the 21st night launch of a Space Shuttle. Eileen Collins became the first female shuttle Commander on this flight. Its prima ...
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STS-100 STS-100 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. STS-100 launch on 19 April 2001, and installed the ISS Canadarm2 robotic arm. Crew Mission highlights The highest priori ...
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STS-112 STS-112 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 9A) was an 11-day Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by . Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' was launched on 7 October 2002 at 19:45 UTC from the Kennedy Space Center's ...
* Serena Auñón-Chancellor –
Soyuz MS-09 Soyuz MS-09 was a Soyuz (spacecraft), Soyuz spaceflight that launched on 6 June 2018. It transported three members of the Expedition 56/Expedition 57, 57 crew to the International Space Station (ISS). is the 138th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft. ...
(Expedition 56/57)


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* James Bagian –
STS-29 STS-29 was the 28th NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' inserted a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) into Earth orbit. It was the third shuttle mission following the ''Challenger'' disaster in 1986, a ...
,
STS-40 STS-40, the eleventh launch of Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', was a nine-day mission in June 1991. It carried the Spacelab module for Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1), the fifth Spacelab mission and the first dedicated sole ...
* Ellen Baker –
STS-34 STS-34 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using ''Atlantis''. It was the 31st shuttle mission overall, and the fifth flight for ''Atlantis''. STS-34 launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on October 18, 1989, and landed at Edwards Air For ...
,
STS-50 STS-50 (U.S. Microgravity Laboratory-1) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' orbiter. ''Columbia'' landed at Kennedy Space Center for the first time ever due to bad weather at Edwards ...
,
STS-71 As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A ...
* Michael Baker –
STS-43 STS-43, the ninth mission for Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'', was a nine-day mission whose primary goal was launching the TDRS-5, TDRS-E satellite (TDRS-5). The flight also tested an advanced heatpipe radiator for potential ...
,
STS-52 STS-52 was a Space Shuttle program, NASA Space Shuttle mission using Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', launched on October 22, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Primary mission objectives were d ...
, STS-68,
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
* Daniel Barry –
STS-72 STS-72 was a Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' mission to capture and return to Earth a Japanese microgravity research spacecraft known as Space Flyer Unit (SFU). The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 11 January 1996. Crew Cr ...
,
STS-96 STS-96 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Discovery'', and the first shuttle flight to dock at the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 26th flight. The shuttle carried the S ...
,
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
*
Charles Bassett Charles Arthur "Charlie" Bassett II (December 30, 1931 – February 28, 1966) (Major, USAF) was an American electrical engineer and United States Air Force test pilot. He went to Ohio State University for two years and later graduated from Tex ...
*
Alan Bean Alan LaVern Bean (March 15, 1932 – May 26, 2018) was an American naval officer and aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, NASA astronaut and painter. He was selected to become an astronaut by NASA in 1963 as part of Astronaut Grou ...
–
Apollo 12 Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Commander Charles ...
,
Skylab 3 Skylab 3 (also SL-3 and SLM-2) was the second crewed mission to the first American space station, Skylab. The mission began on July 28, 1973, with the launch of NASA astronauts Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma in the Apollo command ...
* Robert Behnken –
STS-123 STS-123 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. STS-123 was the 1J/A Assembly of the International Space Station, ISS assembly mission. The orig ...
, STS-130, SpaceX Demo-2 (Expedition 63) * John Blaha –
STS-29 STS-29 was the 28th NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' inserted a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) into Earth orbit. It was the third shuttle mission following the ''Challenger'' disaster in 1986, a ...
,
STS-33 STS-33 was a NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission and the 9th flight of Discovery, during which Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' deployed a payload for the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was the 3 ...
,
STS-43 STS-43, the ninth mission for Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'', was a nine-day mission whose primary goal was launching the TDRS-5, TDRS-E satellite (TDRS-5). The flight also tested an advanced heatpipe radiator for potential ...
, STS-58,
STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
/
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
(Mir EO-22) * Michael Bloomfield –
STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the ''Mir'' space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *' ...
,
STS-97 STS-97 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. The crew installed the first set of solar arrays to the ISS, prepared a docking port for arrival of the Destiny Laboratory Module ...
,
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
*
Guion Bluford Guion Stewart Bluford Jr. (born November 22, 1942) is an American aerospace engineer, retired United States Air Force (USAF) officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut, in which capacity he became the first African American to go to sp ...
–
STS-8 STS-8 was the eighth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the third flight of the Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It launched on August 30, 1983, and landed on September 5, 1983, conducting the first night launch and night landing of the Space Shuttl ...
,
STS-61-A STS-61-A (also known as Spacelab D-1) was the 22nd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. It was a scientific Spacelab mission, funded and directed by West Germany – hence the non-NASA designation of D-1 (for Deutschland-1). STS-61-A was th ...
,
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
,
STS-53 STS-53 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission in support of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was Discovery's 15th flight. The mission was launched on December 2, 1992, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. This was also ...
* Karol Bobko –
STS-6 STS-6 was the sixth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the maiden flight of the . Launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 4, 1983, the mission deployed the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-1, into orbit, before landing at Edwards ...
, STS-51-D, STS-51-J * Charles Bolden – STS-61-C, STS-31, STS-45, STS-60 * Frank Borman – Gemini 7,
Apollo 8 Apollo 8 (December 21–27, 1968) was the first crewed spacecraft to leave Sphere of influence (astrodynamics), Earth's gravitational sphere of influence, and the first human spaceflight to reach the Moon. The crew orbited the Moon ten times ...
* Kenneth Bowersox –
STS-50 STS-50 (U.S. Microgravity Laboratory-1) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' orbiter. ''Columbia'' landed at Kennedy Space Center for the first time ever due to bad weather at Edwards ...
,
STS-61 STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The missi ...
, STS-73, STS-82, STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 6) * Charles E. Brady Jr., Charles Brady – STS-78 * Vance Brand – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project,
STS-5 STS-5 was the fifth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. It launched on November 11, 1982, and landed five days later on November 16, 1982. STS-5 was the first Space Shuttle mission to deploy comm ...
, STS-41B, STS-35 * Daniel Brandenstein –
STS-8 STS-8 was the eighth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the third flight of the Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It launched on August 30, 1983, and landed on September 5, 1983, conducting the first night launch and night landing of the Space Shuttl ...
, STS-51-G, STS-32,
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
* Roy D. Bridges Jr., Roy Bridges – STS-51-F * Curtis Brown –
STS-47 STS-47 was NASA's 50th Space Shuttle mission of the Space Shuttle program, program, as well as the second mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission mainly involved conducting experiments in life and mater ...
, STS-66, STS-77, STS-85, STS-95, STS-103 * David M. Brown, David Brown –
STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...
* Mark N. Brown, Mark Brown –
STS-28 STS-28 was the 30th NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission, the fourth shuttle mission dedicated to United States Department of Defense (DoD) purposes, and the eighth flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The ...
, STS-48 * James Buchli – STS-51-C,
STS-61-A STS-61-A (also known as Spacelab D-1) was the 22nd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. It was a scientific Spacelab mission, funded and directed by West Germany – hence the non-NASA designation of D-1 (for Deutschland-1). STS-61-A was th ...
,
STS-29 STS-29 was the 28th NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' inserted a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) into Earth orbit. It was the third shuttle mission following the ''Challenger'' disaster in 1986, a ...
, STS-48 * John S. Bull, John Bull * Daniel Burbank –
STS-106 STS-106 was a 2000 Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. Crew Spacewalks * '' Lu and Malenchenko '' – EVA 1 *EVA 1 Start: 11 September 2000 – 04:47 UTC *EVA 1 End: 11 Septembe ...
, STS-115, Soyuz TMA-22 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 29/30) * Daniel Bursch – STS-51, STS-68, STS-77, STS-108/STS-111 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 4)


C

* Robert Cabana – STS-41,
STS-53 STS-53 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission in support of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was Discovery's 15th flight. The mission was launched on December 2, 1992, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. This was also ...
, STS-65, STS-88 * Yvonne Cagle * Fernando Caldeiro * Charles Camarda – STS-114 * Kenneth D. Cameron, Kenneth Cameron –
STS-37 STS-37, the thirty-ninth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the eighth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a six-day mission with the primary objective of launching the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the second of the Great Observ ...
, STS-56, STS-74 * Duane Carey –
STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...
* Scott Carpenter – Mercury-Atlas 7 * Gerald Carr (astronaut), Gerald Carr – Skylab 4 * Sonny Carter –
STS-33 STS-33 was a NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission and the 9th flight of Discovery, during which Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' deployed a payload for the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was the 3 ...
* John Casper – STS-36, STS-54,
STS-62 STS-62 was a Space Shuttle program mission flown aboard . The primary payloads were the USMP-02 microgravity experiments package and the OAST-2 engineering and technology payload, both in the orbiter's cargo bay. The two-week mission also featu ...
, STS-77 * Christopher Cassidy – STS-127, Soyuz TMA-08M Iss expeditions, (Expedition 35/36), Soyuz MS-16 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 62/63) * Josh Cassada, SpaceX Crew-5 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 68) * Gene Cernan – Gemini 9A, Apollo 10, Apollo 17 * Roger Chaffee –
Apollo 1 Apollo 1, initially designated AS-204, was planned to be the first crewed mission of the Apollo program, the American undertaking to land the first man on the Moon. It was planned to launch on February 21, 1967, as the first low Earth orbital ...
* Gregory Chamitoff – STS-124/STS-126 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 17/18), STS-134 * Franklin Chang-Diaz – STS-61-C,
STS-34 STS-34 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using ''Atlantis''. It was the 31st shuttle mission overall, and the fifth flight for ''Atlantis''. STS-34 launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on October 18, 1989, and landed at Edwards Air For ...
,
STS-46 STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using and was launched on July 31, 1992, and landed on August 8, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Gallery File:Sts046-99-039 - cropped.jpg, EURECA after deployment File ...
, STS-60,
STS-75 STS-75 was a 1996 NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 19th mission of the orbiter. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission objective Tethered Satellite System The primary objective of STS-75 was to carry the Tethered Satellite System Reflight (TS ...
, STS-91, STS-111 * Philip Chapman * Kalpana Chawla – STS-87,
STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...
* Leroy Chiao – STS-65,
STS-72 STS-72 was a Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' mission to capture and return to Earth a Japanese microgravity research spacecraft known as Space Flyer Unit (SFU). The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 11 January 1996. Crew Cr ...
, STS-92, Soyuz TMA-5 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 10) * Kevin Chilton –
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
,
STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' b ...
, STS-76 * Laurel Clark –
STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...
* Mary Cleave – STS-61-B, STS-30 * Michael R. Clifford, Michael Clifford –
STS-53 STS-53 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission in support of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was Discovery's 15th flight. The mission was launched on December 2, 1992, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. This was also ...
,
STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' b ...
, STS-76 * Michael Coats – STS-41-D,
STS-29 STS-29 was the 28th NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' inserted a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) into Earth orbit. It was the third shuttle mission following the ''Challenger'' disaster in 1986, a ...
,
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
* Kenneth Cockrell – STS-56, STS-69, STS-80, STS-98, STS-111 * Catherine Coleman – STS-73,
STS-93 STS-93 in 1999 marked the 95th launch of the Space Shuttle, the 26th launch of Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', and the 21st night launch of a Space Shuttle. Eileen Collins became the first female shuttle Commander on this flight. Its prima ...
, Soyuz TMA-20 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 26/27) * Eileen Collins – STS-63, STS-84,
STS-93 STS-93 in 1999 marked the 95th launch of the Space Shuttle, the 26th launch of Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', and the 21st night launch of a Space Shuttle. Eileen Collins became the first female shuttle Commander on this flight. Its prima ...
, STS-114 * Michael Collins (astronaut), Michael Collins – Gemini 10,
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was a spaceflight conducted from July 16 to 24, 1969, by the United States and launched by NASA. It marked the first time that humans Moon landing, landed on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin l ...
* Pete Conrad – Gemini 5, Gemini 11,
Apollo 12 Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Commander Charles ...
, Skylab 2 * Gordon Cooper – Mercury-Atlas 9, Gemini 5 * Richard O. Covey, Richard Covey – STS-51-I, STS-26, STS-38,
STS-61 STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The missi ...
* Timothy Creamer – Soyuz TMA-17 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 22/23) * John Oliver Creighton, John Creighton – STS-51-G, STS-36, STS-48 * Robert Crippen – STS-1, STS-7, STS-41-C, STS-41-G * Frank Culbertson – STS-38, STS-51,
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
/STS-108 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 3) * Walter Cunningham – Apollo 7 * Robert Curbeam – STS-85, STS-98, STS-116 * Nancy Currie – STS-57, STS-70, STS-88,
STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...


D

* Jan Davis –
STS-47 STS-47 was NASA's 50th Space Shuttle mission of the Space Shuttle program, program, as well as the second mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission mainly involved conducting experiments in life and mater ...
, STS-60, STS-85 * Alvin Drew – STS-118, STS-133 * Brian Duffy (astronaut), Brian Duffy – STS-45, STS-57,
STS-72 STS-72 was a Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' mission to capture and return to Earth a Japanese microgravity research spacecraft known as Space Flyer Unit (SFU). The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 11 January 1996. Crew Cr ...
, STS-92 * Charles Duke – Apollo 16 * Bonnie Dunbar –
STS-61-A STS-61-A (also known as Spacelab D-1) was the 22nd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. It was a scientific Spacelab mission, funded and directed by West Germany – hence the non-NASA designation of D-1 (for Deutschland-1). STS-61-A was th ...
, STS-32,
STS-50 STS-50 (U.S. Microgravity Laboratory-1) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' orbiter. ''Columbia'' landed at Kennedy Space Center for the first time ever due to bad weather at Edwards ...
,
STS-71 As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A ...
,
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
* James Dutton (astronaut), James Dutton –
STS-131 STS-131 ( ISS assembly flight 19A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Sp ...


E

* Joe F. Edwards Jr., Joe Edwards –
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
* Donn Eisele – Apollo 7 * Anthony W. England, Anthony England – STS-51-F * Joe Engle – Approach and Landing Tests, ALT, STS-2, STS-51I * Jeanette Epps – SpaceX Crew-8 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 70/71/72) * Ronald Evans (astronaut), Ronald Evans – Apollo 17


F

* John Fabian – STS-7, STS-51-G * Christopher Ferguson – STS-115, STS-126, STS-135 * Jack Fischer – Soyuz MS-04 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 52/53) * Anna Lee Fisher, Anna Fisher –
STS-51-A STS-51-A (formerly STS-19) was the 14th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the second flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center on November 8, 1984, and landed just under eight days later on ...
* William Frederick Fisher, William Fisher – STS-51-I * Michael Foale – STS-45, STS-56, STS-63, STS-84/
STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the ''Mir'' space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *' ...
List of Mir expeditions, (Mir EO-23/24), STS-103, Soyuz TMA-3 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 8) * Kevin A. Ford, Kevin Ford – STS-128, Soyuz TMA-06M Iss expeditions, (Expedition 33/34) * Michael Foreman (astronaut), Michael Foreman –
STS-123 STS-123 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. STS-123 was the 1J/A Assembly of the International Space Station, ISS assembly mission. The orig ...
, STS-129 * Patrick Forrester –
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
,
STS-117 STS-117 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 13A) was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center on June ...
, STS-128 * Michael Fossum – STS-121, STS-124, Soyuz TMA-02M Iss expeditions, (Expedition 28/29) *
Theodore Freeman Theodore Cordy Freeman (February 18, 1930 – October 31, 1964), was an American aeronautical engineer, U.S. Air Force officer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. Selected in the third group of NASA astronauts in 1963, he was killed a year later ...
* Stephen Frick –
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
, STS-122 * C. Gordon Fullerton – Approach and Landing Tests, ALT, STS-3, STS-51-F


G

* Ronald Garan – STS-124, Soyuz TMA-21 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 27/28) * Dale Gardner –
STS-8 STS-8 was the eighth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the third flight of the Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It launched on August 30, 1983, and landed on September 5, 1983, conducting the first night launch and night landing of the Space Shuttl ...
,
STS-51-A STS-51-A (formerly STS-19) was the 14th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the second flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center on November 8, 1984, and landed just under eight days later on ...
* Guy Gardner (astronaut), Guy Gardner – STS-27, STS-35 * Owen Garriott –
Skylab 3 Skylab 3 (also SL-3 and SLM-2) was the second crewed mission to the first American space station, Skylab. The mission began on July 28, 1973, with the launch of NASA astronauts Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma in the Apollo command ...
, STS-9 * Charles Gemar – STS-38, STS-48,
STS-62 STS-62 was a Space Shuttle program mission flown aboard . The primary payloads were the USMP-02 microgravity experiments package and the OAST-2 engineering and technology payload, both in the orbiter's cargo bay. The two-week mission also featu ...
* Michael Gernhardt – STS-69, STS-83, STS-94, STS-104 * Edward Gibson – Skylab 4 * Robert L. Gibson, Robert Gibson – STS-41-B, STS-61-C, STS-27,
STS-47 STS-47 was NASA's 50th Space Shuttle mission of the Space Shuttle program, program, as well as the second mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission mainly involved conducting experiments in life and mater ...
,
STS-71 As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A ...
* Edward Givens * John Glenn – Mercury-Atlas 6, STS-95 * Linda Godwin –
STS-37 STS-37, the thirty-ninth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the eighth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a six-day mission with the primary objective of launching the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the second of the Great Observ ...
,
STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' b ...
, STS-76, STS-108 * Michael T. Good, Michael Good –
STS-125 STS-125, or HST-SM4 (Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4), was the fifth and final Space Shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The launch of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' occurred on May 11, 2009, at 2:01 pm EDT. Land ...
,
STS-132 STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on May 16, 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 14, 2010. The pri ...
* Richard F. Gordon Jr., Richard Gordon – Gemini 11,
Apollo 12 Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Commander Charles ...
* Dominic Gorie – STS-91, STS-99, STS-108,
STS-123 STS-123 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. STS-123 was the 1J/A Assembly of the International Space Station, ISS assembly mission. The orig ...
* Ronald Grabe – STS-51-J, STS-30, STS-42, STS-57 * Duane Graveline * Frederick D. Gregory, Frederick Gregory – STS-51-B,
STS-33 STS-33 was a NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission and the 9th flight of Discovery, during which Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' deployed a payload for the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was the 3 ...
, STS-44 * William G. Gregory, William Gregory – STS-67 * S. David Griggs – STS-51-D *
Gus Grissom Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom (April 3, 1926 – January 27, 1967) was an American engineer and pilot in the United States Air Force, as well as one of the original Mercury Seven selected by the NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration fo ...
– Mercury-Redstone 4, Gemini 3,
Apollo 1 Apollo 1, initially designated AS-204, was planned to be the first crewed mission of the Apollo program, the American undertaking to land the first man on the Moon. It was planned to launch on February 21, 1967, as the first low Earth orbital ...
* John Grunsfeld – STS-67,
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
, STS-103,
STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...
,
STS-125 STS-125, or HST-SM4 (Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4), was the fifth and final Space Shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The launch of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' occurred on May 11, 2009, at 2:01 pm EDT. Land ...
* Sidney Gutierrez –
STS-40 STS-40, the eleventh launch of Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', was a nine-day mission in June 1991. It carried the Spacelab module for Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1), the fifth Spacelab mission and the first dedicated sole ...
,
STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' b ...


H

* Fred Haise – Apollo 13, Approach and Landing Tests, ALT * James Halsell – STS-65, STS-74, STS-83, STS-94, STS-101 * Kenneth Ham – STS-124,
STS-132 STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on May 16, 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 14, 2010. The pri ...
* Blaine Hammond –
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
, STS-64 * Gregory Harbaugh –
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
, STS-54,
STS-71 As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A ...
, STS-82 * Bernard Harris – STS-55, STS-63 * Terry Hart – STS-41-C * Henry Hartsfield – STS-4, STS-41-D,
STS-61-A STS-61-A (also known as Spacelab D-1) was the 22nd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. It was a scientific Spacelab mission, funded and directed by West Germany – hence the non-NASA designation of D-1 (for Deutschland-1). STS-61-A was th ...
* Frederick Hauck – STS-7,
STS-51-A STS-51-A (formerly STS-19) was the 14th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the second flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center on November 8, 1984, and landed just under eight days later on ...
, STS-26 * Steven Hawley – STS-41-D, STS-61-C, STS-31, STS-82,
STS-93 STS-93 in 1999 marked the 95th launch of the Space Shuttle, the 26th launch of Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', and the 21st night launch of a Space Shuttle. Eileen Collins became the first female shuttle Commander on this flight. Its prima ...
* Susan Helms – STS-54, STS-64, STS-78, STS-101, STS-102/
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
Iss expeditions, (Expedition 2) * Karl Henize – STS-51-F * Terence Henricks – STS-44, STS-55, STS-70, STS-78 * José M. Hernández, Jose Hernandez – STS-128 * John Herrington – STS-113 * Richard Hieb –
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
,
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
, STS-65 * Joan Higginbotham – STS-116 * David Hilmers – STS-51-J, STS-26, STS-36, STS-42 * Kathryn Hire –
STS-90 STS-90 was a 1998 Space Shuttle mission flown by the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The 16-day mission marked the last flight of the European Space Agency's Spacelab laboratory module, which had first flown on ''Columbia'' on STS-9, and was also th ...
, STS-130 * Charles Hobaugh – STS-104, STS-118, STS-129 * Jeffrey Hoffman – STS-51-D, STS-35,
STS-46 STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using and was launched on July 31, 1992, and landed on August 8, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Gallery File:Sts046-99-039 - cropped.jpg, EURECA after deployment File ...
,
STS-61 STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The missi ...
,
STS-75 STS-75 was a 1996 NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 19th mission of the orbiter. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission objective Tethered Satellite System The primary objective of STS-75 was to carry the Tethered Satellite System Reflight (TS ...
* Donald Holmquest * Michael S. Hopkins, Michael Hopkins – Soyuz TMA-10M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 37/38), SpaceX Crew-1 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 64) * Scott Horowitz –
STS-75 STS-75 was a 1996 NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 19th mission of the orbiter. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission objective Tethered Satellite System The primary objective of STS-75 was to carry the Tethered Satellite System Reflight (TS ...
, STS-82, STS-101,
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
* Douglas Hurley – STS-127, STS-135, SpaceX Demo-2 (Expedition 63) * Rick Husband –
STS-96 STS-96 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Discovery'', and the first shuttle flight to dock at the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 26th flight. The shuttle carried the S ...
,
STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...


I

* James Irwin – Apollo 15 * Marsha Ivins – STS-32,
STS-46 STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using and was launched on July 31, 1992, and landed on August 8, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Gallery File:Sts046-99-039 - cropped.jpg, EURECA after deployment File ...
,
STS-62 STS-62 was a Space Shuttle program mission flown aboard . The primary payloads were the USMP-02 microgravity experiments package and the OAST-2 engineering and technology payload, both in the orbiter's cargo bay. The two-week mission also featu ...
,
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
, STS-98


J

* Mae Jemison –
STS-47 STS-47 was NASA's 50th Space Shuttle mission of the Space Shuttle program, program, as well as the second mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission mainly involved conducting experiments in life and mater ...
* Tamara Jernigan –
STS-40 STS-40, the eleventh launch of Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', was a nine-day mission in June 1991. It carried the Spacelab module for Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1), the fifth Spacelab mission and the first dedicated sole ...
,
STS-52 STS-52 was a Space Shuttle program, NASA Space Shuttle mission using Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', launched on October 22, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Primary mission objectives were d ...
, STS-67, STS-80,
STS-96 STS-96 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Discovery'', and the first shuttle flight to dock at the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 26th flight. The shuttle carried the S ...
* Brent Jett –
STS-72 STS-72 was a Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' mission to capture and return to Earth a Japanese microgravity research spacecraft known as Space Flyer Unit (SFU). The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 11 January 1996. Crew Cr ...
,
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
,
STS-97 STS-97 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. The crew installed the first set of solar arrays to the ISS, prepared a docking port for arrival of the Destiny Laboratory Module ...
, STS-115 * Gregory C. Johnson –
STS-125 STS-125, or HST-SM4 (Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4), was the fifth and final Space Shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The launch of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' occurred on May 11, 2009, at 2:01 pm EDT. Land ...
* Gregory H. Johnson –
STS-123 STS-123 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. STS-123 was the 1J/A Assembly of the International Space Station, ISS assembly mission. The orig ...
, STS-134 * Thomas David Jones, Thomas Jones –
STS-59 STS-59 was a Space Shuttle program mission that took place in 1994. The launch was chronicled by the 1994 Discovery Channel special about the Space Shuttle program. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights 9 April ''Endeavour'' b ...
, STS-68, STS-80, STS-98


K

* Janet Kavandi – STS-91, STS-99, STS-104 * James M. Kelly (astronaut), James Kelly – STS-102, STS-114 * Mark Kelly – STS-108, STS-121, STS-124, STS-134 * Scott Kelly (astronaut), Scott Kelly – STS-103, STS-118, Soyuz TMA-01M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 25/26), Soyuz TMA-16M/Soyuz TMA-18M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 43/44/45/46) * Joseph P. Kerwin, Joseph Kerwin – Skylab 2 * Robert Kimbrough – STS-126, Soyuz MS-02 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 49/50), SpaceX Crew-2 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 65/66) * Timothy Kopra – STS-127/STS-128 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 20), Soyuz TMA-19M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 46/47) * Kevin Kregel – STS-70, STS-78, STS-87, STS-99


L

* Wendy Lawrence – STS-67,
STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the ''Mir'' space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *' ...
, STS-91, STS-114 * Mark C. Lee, Mark Lee – STS-30,
STS-47 STS-47 was NASA's 50th Space Shuttle mission of the Space Shuttle program, program, as well as the second mission of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission mainly involved conducting experiments in life and mater ...
, STS-64, STS-82 * David Leestma – STS-41-G,
STS-28 STS-28 was the 30th NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission, the fourth shuttle mission dedicated to United States Department of Defense (DoD) purposes, and the eighth flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The ...
, STS-45 * William B. Lenoir, William Lenoir –
STS-5 STS-5 was the fifth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. It launched on November 11, 1982, and landed five days later on November 16, 1982. STS-5 was the first Space Shuttle mission to deploy comm ...
* Don Lind – STS-51-B * Steven Lindsey – STS-87, STS-95, STS-104, STS-121, STS-133 * Jerry Linenger – STS-64,
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
/STS-84 List of Mir expeditions, (Mir EO-22/23) * Richard Linnehan – STS-78,
STS-90 STS-90 was a 1998 Space Shuttle mission flown by the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The 16-day mission marked the last flight of the European Space Agency's Spacelab laboratory module, which had first flown on ''Columbia'' on STS-9, and was also th ...
,
STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...
,
STS-123 STS-123 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. STS-123 was the 1J/A Assembly of the International Space Station, ISS assembly mission. The orig ...
* Paul Lockhart – STS-111, STS-113 * Michael Lopez-Alegria – STS-73, STS-92, STS-113, Soyuz TMA-9 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 14), Axiom Mission 1 * Christopher Loria * John Lounge – STS-51-I, STS-26, STS-35 * Jack Lousma –
Skylab 3 Skylab 3 (also SL-3 and SLM-2) was the second crewed mission to the first American space station, Skylab. The mission began on July 28, 1973, with the launch of NASA astronauts Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma in the Apollo command ...
, STS-3 * Stanley G. Love, Stanley Love – STS-122 * Jim Lovell – Gemini 7,
Gemini 12 Gemini 12 (officially Gemini XII) With Gemini IV, NASA changed to Roman numerals for Gemini mission designations. was a 1966 crewed spaceflight in NASA's Project Gemini. It was the 10th and final crewed Gemini flight (Gemini 1 and Gemini 2 were ...
,
Apollo 8 Apollo 8 (December 21–27, 1968) was the first crewed spacecraft to leave Sphere of influence (astrodynamics), Earth's gravitational sphere of influence, and the first human spaceflight to reach the Moon. The crew orbited the Moon ten times ...
, Apollo 13 * G. David Low – STS-32,
STS-43 STS-43, the ninth mission for Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'', was a nine-day mission whose primary goal was launching the TDRS-5, TDRS-E satellite (TDRS-5). The flight also tested an advanced heatpipe radiator for potential ...
, STS-57 * Edward Lu – STS-84, STS-104, Soyuz TMA-2 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 7) * Shannon Lucid – STS-51-G,
STS-34 STS-34 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using ''Atlantis''. It was the 31st shuttle mission overall, and the fifth flight for ''Atlantis''. STS-34 launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on October 18, 1989, and landed at Edwards Air For ...
,
STS-43 STS-43, the ninth mission for Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'', was a nine-day mission whose primary goal was launching the TDRS-5, TDRS-E satellite (TDRS-5). The flight also tested an advanced heatpipe radiator for potential ...
, STS-58, STS-76/
STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
List of Mir expeditions, (Mir EO-21/22)


M

* Sandra Magnus –
STS-112 STS-112 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 9A) was an 11-day Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by . Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' was launched on 7 October 2002 at 19:45 UTC from the Kennedy Space Center's ...
, STS-126/
STS-119 STS-119 ( ISS assembly flight 15A) was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' during March 2009. It was Discovery's 36th flight. It delivered and assembled the fourth star ...
ISS expeditions, (Expedition 18), STS-135 * Thomas Marshburn – STS-127, Soyuz TMA-07M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 34/35), SpaceX Crew-3 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 66/67) * Michael Massimino –
STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...
,
STS-125 STS-125, or HST-SM4 (Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4), was the fifth and final Space Shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The launch of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' occurred on May 11, 2009, at 2:01 pm EDT. Land ...
* Richard Mastracchio –
STS-106 STS-106 was a 2000 Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. Crew Spacewalks * '' Lu and Malenchenko '' – EVA 1 *EVA 1 Start: 11 September 2000 – 04:47 UTC *EVA 1 End: 11 Septembe ...
, STS-118,
STS-131 STS-131 ( ISS assembly flight 19A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Sp ...
, Soyuz TMA-11M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 38/39) * Ken Mattingly – Apollo 16, STS-4, STS-51-C * William S. McArthur, William McArthur – STS-58, STS-74, STS-92, Soyuz TMA-7 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 12) * Jon McBride – STS-41-B * Bruce McCandless – STS-41-B, STS-31 * William McCool –
STS-107 STS-107 was the 113th flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the 28th(twenty eigth) and final flight of Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The mission ended on the 1st of February 2003, with the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster which killed al ...
* Michael McCulley –
STS-34 STS-34 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using ''Atlantis''. It was the 31st shuttle mission overall, and the fifth flight for ''Atlantis''. STS-34 launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on October 18, 1989, and landed at Edwards Air For ...
* James McDivitt – Gemini 4, Apollo 9 * Donald McMonagle –
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
, STS-54, STS-66 * Ronald McNair – STS-41-B,
STS-51-L STS-51-L was the disastrous 25th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It was planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six day ...
* Carl Meade – STS-38,
STS-50 STS-50 (U.S. Microgravity Laboratory-1) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' orbiter. ''Columbia'' landed at Kennedy Space Center for the first time ever due to bad weather at Edwards ...
, STS-64 * Bruce Melnick – STS-41,
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
* Pamela Melroy – STS-92,
STS-112 STS-112 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 9A) was an 11-day Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by . Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' was launched on 7 October 2002 at 19:45 UTC from the Kennedy Space Center's ...
,
STS-120 STS-120 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) that launched on October 23, 2007, from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The mission is also referred to as ISS-10A by the ISS program. STS-120 delivered the ''Harmony ...
* Leland Melvin – STS-122, STS-129 * Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger –
STS-131 STS-131 ( ISS assembly flight 19A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Sp ...
* Curt Michel * Edgar Mitchell – Apollo 14 * Barbara Morgan – STS-118 * Lee Morin –
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
* Mike Mullane – STS-41-D, STS-27, STS-36 * Story Musgrave –
STS-6 STS-6 was the sixth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the maiden flight of the . Launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 4, 1983, the mission deployed the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-1, into orbit, before landing at Edwards ...
, STS-51F,
STS-33 STS-33 was a NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission and the 9th flight of Discovery, during which Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' deployed a payload for the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was the 3 ...
, STS-44,
STS-61 STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The missi ...
, STS-80


N

* Steven Nagel – STS-51-G,
STS-61-A STS-61-A (also known as Spacelab D-1) was the 22nd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. It was a scientific Spacelab mission, funded and directed by West Germany – hence the non-NASA designation of D-1 (for Deutschland-1). STS-61-A was th ...
,
STS-37 STS-37, the thirty-ninth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the eighth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a six-day mission with the primary objective of launching the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the second of the Great Observ ...
, STS-55 * George Nelson (astronaut), George Nelson – STS-41-C, STS-51-D, STS-26 * James H. Newman, James Newman – STS-51, STS-69, STS-88,
STS-109 STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' and the fourth serv ...
* Carlos Noriega – STS-84,
STS-97 STS-97 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. The crew installed the first set of solar arrays to the ISS, prepared a docking port for arrival of the Destiny Laboratory Module ...
*
Lisa Nowak Lisa Marie Nowak (née Caputo; born May 10, 1963) is an American aeronautical engineer, former NASA astronaut, and retired United States Navy officer. Nowak served as naval flight officer and test pilot in the Navy, and was selected by NASA fo ...
– STS-121 * Karen Nyberg – STS-124, Soyuz TMA-09M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 36/37)


O

* Ellen Ochoa – STS-56, STS-66,
STS-96 STS-96 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Discovery'', and the first shuttle flight to dock at the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 26th flight. The shuttle carried the S ...
,
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
* Bryan O'Connor – STS-61-B,
STS-40 STS-40, the eleventh launch of Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', was a nine-day mission in June 1991. It carried the Spacelab module for Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1), the fifth Spacelab mission and the first dedicated sole ...
*
William Oefelein William Anthony "Bill" Oefelein (; born March 29, 1965) is an American freelance adventure writer and photographer and former NASA astronaut who, on his only spaceflight, piloted the STS-116 Space Shuttle mission. Oefelein gained media attention ...
– STS-116 * John Olivas –
STS-117 STS-117 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 13A) was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center on June ...
, STS-128 * Ellison Onizuka – STS-51-C,
STS-51-L STS-51-L was the disastrous 25th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It was planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six day ...
* Stephen Oswald – STS-42, STS-56, STS-67 * Robert Overmyer –
STS-5 STS-5 was the fifth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. It launched on November 11, 1982, and landed five days later on November 16, 1982. STS-5 was the first Space Shuttle mission to deploy comm ...
, STS-51-B


P

* Scott Parazynski – STS-66,
STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the ''Mir'' space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *' ...
, STS-95,
STS-100 STS-100 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. STS-100 launch on 19 April 2001, and installed the ISS Canadarm2 robotic arm. Crew Mission highlights The highest priori ...
,
STS-120 STS-120 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) that launched on October 23, 2007, from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The mission is also referred to as ISS-10A by the ISS program. STS-120 delivered the ''Harmony ...
* Robert A. Parker, Robert Parker – STS-9, STS-35 * Nicholas Patrick – STS-116, STS-130 * Donald H. Peterson, Donald Peterson –
STS-6 STS-6 was the sixth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the maiden flight of the . Launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 4, 1983, the mission deployed the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-1, into orbit, before landing at Edwards ...
* John L. Phillips, John Phillips –
STS-100 STS-100 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. STS-100 launch on 19 April 2001, and installed the ISS Canadarm2 robotic arm. Crew Mission highlights The highest priori ...
, Soyuz TMA-6 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 11),
STS-119 STS-119 ( ISS assembly flight 15A) was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' during March 2009. It was Discovery's 36th flight. It delivered and assembled the fourth star ...
* William Pogue – Skylab 4 * Alan Poindexter – STS-122,
STS-131 STS-131 ( ISS assembly flight 19A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Sp ...
* Mark Polansky – STS-98, STS-116, STS-127 * Charles Precourt – STS-55,
STS-71 As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A ...
, STS-84, STS-91


R

* William Readdy – STS-42, STS-51,
STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
* Kenneth Reightler – STS-48, STS-60 * James F. Reilly, James Reilly –
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
, STS-104,
STS-117 STS-117 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 13A) was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center on June ...
* Garrett Reisman –
STS-123 STS-123 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. STS-123 was the 1J/A Assembly of the International Space Station, ISS assembly mission. The orig ...
/STS-124 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 16/17),
STS-132 STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on May 16, 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 14, 2010. The pri ...
* Judith Resnik – STS-41-D,
STS-51-L STS-51-L was the disastrous 25th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It was planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six day ...
* Paul W. Richards, Paul Richards – STS-102 * Richard N. Richards, Richard Richards –
STS-28 STS-28 was the 30th NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission, the fourth shuttle mission dedicated to United States Department of Defense (DoD) purposes, and the eighth flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The ...
, STS-41,
STS-50 STS-50 (U.S. Microgravity Laboratory-1) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the ''Space Shuttle Columbia, Columbia'' orbiter. ''Columbia'' landed at Kennedy Space Center for the first time ever due to bad weather at Edwards ...
, STS-64 * Sally Ride – STS-7, STS-41-G * Patricia Robertson * Stephen Robinson – STS-85, STS-95, STS-114, STS-130 * Kent Rominger – STS-73, STS-80, STS-85,
STS-96 STS-96 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Discovery'', and the first shuttle flight to dock at the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 26th flight. The shuttle carried the S ...
,
STS-100 STS-100 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. STS-100 launch on 19 April 2001, and installed the ISS Canadarm2 robotic arm. Crew Mission highlights The highest priori ...
* Stuart Roosa – Apollo 14 * Jerry L. Ross, Jerry Ross – STS-61-B, STS-27,
STS-37 STS-37, the thirty-ninth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the eighth flight of the Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', was a six-day mission with the primary objective of launching the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the second of the Great Observ ...
, STS-55, STS-74, STS-88,
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
* Mario Runco – STS-44, STS-54, STS-77


S

* Robert Satcher – STS-129 * Wally Schirra – Mercury-Atlas 8, Gemini 6A, Apollo 7 * Harrison Schmitt – Apollo 17 * Russell Schweickart – Apollo 9 * Francis Scobee – STS-41-C,
STS-51-L STS-51-L was the disastrous 25th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It was planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six day ...
* David Scott –
Gemini 8 Gemini 8 (officially Gemini VIII) With Gemini IV, NASA changed to Roman numerals for Gemini mission designations. was the sixth crewed spaceflight in NASA's Project Gemini, Gemini program. It was launched on March 16, 1966, and was the 14th crew ...
, Apollo 9, Apollo 15 * Winston E. Scott, Winston Scott –
STS-72 STS-72 was a Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' mission to capture and return to Earth a Japanese microgravity research spacecraft known as Space Flyer Unit (SFU). The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 11 January 1996. Crew Cr ...
, STS-87 * Richard Searfoss – STS-58, STS-76,
STS-90 STS-90 was a 1998 Space Shuttle mission flown by the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The 16-day mission marked the last flight of the European Space Agency's Spacelab laboratory module, which had first flown on ''Columbia'' on STS-9, and was also th ...
* Margaret Rhea Seddon – STS-51-D,
STS-40 STS-40, the eleventh launch of Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Columbia, ''Columbia'', was a nine-day mission in June 1991. It carried the Spacelab module for Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1), the fifth Spacelab mission and the first dedicated sole ...
, STS-58 *
Elliot See Elliot McKay See Jr. (July 23, 1927 – February 28, 1966) was an American engineer, United States naval aviator, naval aviator, test pilot and NASA astronaut. See received an appointment to the United States Merchant Marine Academy in 1945. H ...
* Ronald Sega – STS-60, STS-76 * Piers Sellers –
STS-112 STS-112 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 9A) was an 11-day Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by . Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' was launched on 7 October 2002 at 19:45 UTC from the Kennedy Space Center's ...
, STS-121,
STS-132 STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on May 16, 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 14, 2010. The pri ...
* Brewster Shaw – STS-9, STS-61-B,
STS-28 STS-28 was the 30th NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission, the fourth shuttle mission dedicated to United States Department of Defense (DoD) purposes, and the eighth flight of Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. The ...
* Alan Shepard – Mercury-Redstone 3, Apollo 14 * William Shepherd – STS-27, STS-41,
STS-52 STS-52 was a Space Shuttle program, NASA Space Shuttle mission using Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', launched on October 22, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Primary mission objectives were d ...
, Soyuz TM-31/STS-102 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 1) * Loren Shriver – STS-51-C, STS-31,
STS-46 STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using and was launched on July 31, 1992, and landed on August 8, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Gallery File:Sts046-99-039 - cropped.jpg, EURECA after deployment File ...
*
Deke Slayton Donald Kent "Deke" Slayton (March 1, 1924 – June 13, 1993) was an American Air Force pilot, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and one of the original NASA Mercury Seven astronauts. He went on to become NASA's first Chief of the Astronaut O ...
– Apollo-Soyuz Test Project * Michael J. Smith, Michael Smith –
STS-51-L STS-51-L was the disastrous 25th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the final flight of Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It was planned as the first Teacher in Space Project flight in addition to observing Halley's Comet for six day ...
* Steven Smith (astronaut), Steven Smith – STS-68, STS-82, STS-103,
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
* Sherwood Spring – STS-61-B * Robert C. Springer, Robert Springer –
STS-29 STS-29 was the 28th NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' inserted a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) into Earth orbit. It was the third shuttle mission following the ''Challenger'' disaster in 1986, a ...
, STS-38 * Thomas P. Stafford – Gemini 6A, Gemini 9A, Apollo 10, Apollo-Soyuz Test Project * Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper – STS-115, STS-126 * Robert L. Stewart, Robert Stewart – STS-41-B, STS-51-J * Susan Still-Kilrain – STS-83, STS-94 * Nicole Stott – STS-128/STS-129 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 20/21), STS-133 * Frederick Sturckow – STS-88,
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
,
STS-117 STS-117 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 13A) was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center on June ...
, STS-128 * Kathryn Sullivan – STS-41-G, STS-31, STS-45 * Steven Swanson –
STS-117 STS-117 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 13A) was a Space Shuttle mission flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis, Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, pad 39A of the Kennedy Space Center on June ...
,
STS-119 STS-119 ( ISS assembly flight 15A) was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was flown by Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' during March 2009. It was Discovery's 36th flight. It delivered and assembled the fourth star ...
, Soyuz TMA-12M Iss expeditions, (Expedition 39/40) * Jack Swigert – Apollo 13


T

* Daniel Tani – STS-108,
STS-120 STS-120 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) that launched on October 23, 2007, from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The mission is also referred to as ISS-10A by the ISS program. STS-120 delivered the ''Harmony ...
/STS-122 Iss expeditions, (Expedition 16) * Norman Thagard – STS-7, STS-51-B, STS-30, STS-42, Soyuz TM-21/
STS-71 As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station ''Mir''. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' from launchpad 39A ...
List of Mir expeditions, (Mir EO-18) * Joseph R. Tanner, Joseph Tanner – STS-66, STS-82,
STS-97 STS-97 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle '' Endeavour''. The crew installed the first set of solar arrays to the ISS, prepared a docking port for arrival of the Destiny Laboratory Module ...
, STS-115 * Andy Thomas – STS-77,
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
/STS-91 List of Mir expeditions, (Mir EO-24/25), STS-102, STS-114 * Donald A. Thomas, Donald Thomas – STS-65, STS-70, STS-83, STS-94 * Kathryn Thornton –
STS-33 STS-33 was a NASA Space Shuttle program, Space Shuttle mission and the 9th flight of Discovery, during which Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' deployed a payload for the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was the 3 ...
,
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
,
STS-61 STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The missi ...
, STS-73 * William E. Thornton, William Thornton –
STS-8 STS-8 was the eighth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the third flight of the Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It launched on August 30, 1983, and landed on September 5, 1983, conducting the first night launch and night landing of the Space Shuttl ...
, STS-51-B * Pierre Thuot – STS-36,
STS-49 STS-49 was NASA's maiden flight of the Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'', which launched on May 7, 1992. The primary goal of its nine-day mission was to retrieve an Intelsat VI satellite, Intelsat 603, which failed to leave Low Earth orbit two yea ...
,
STS-62 STS-62 was a Space Shuttle program mission flown aboard . The primary payloads were the USMP-02 microgravity experiments package and the OAST-2 engineering and technology payload, both in the orbiter's cargo bay. The two-week mission also featu ...
* Richard Truly – Approach and Landing Tests, ALT, STS-2,
STS-8 STS-8 was the eighth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the third flight of the Space Shuttle ''Challenger''. It launched on August 30, 1983, and landed on September 5, 1983, conducting the first night launch and night landing of the Space Shuttl ...


V

* James Van Hoften – STS-41-C, STS-51-I * Charles Veach –
STS-39 STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', and the 40th orbital shuttle mission overall. The primary purpose of the mission was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). ...
,
STS-52 STS-52 was a Space Shuttle program, NASA Space Shuttle mission using Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', launched on October 22, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Primary mission objectives were d ...
* Terry Virts – STS-130, Soyuz TMA-15M Iss expeditions, (Expedition 42/43) * James S. Voss, James Voss – STS-44,
STS-53 STS-53 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission in support of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was Discovery's 15th flight. The mission was launched on December 2, 1992, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. This was also ...
, STS-69, STS-101, STS-102/
STS-105 STS-105 was the 30th mission of Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', in which Discovery went to the International Space Station. It launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 10 August 2001. This mission was ''Discoverys final mission until STS ...
ISS expeditions, (Expedition 2) * Janice Voss – STS-57, STS-63, STS-83, STS-94, STS-99


W

* Rex Walheim –
STS-110 STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
, STS-122, STS-135 * David M. Walker (astronaut), David Walker –
STS-51-A STS-51-A (formerly STS-19) was the 14th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the second flight of Space Shuttle ''Discovery''. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center on November 8, 1984, and landed just under eight days later on ...
, STS-30,
STS-53 STS-53 was a NASA Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' mission in support of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It was Discovery's 15th flight. The mission was launched on December 2, 1992, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. This was also ...
, STS-69 * Carl Walz – STS-51, STS-65,
STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
, STS-108/STS-111 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 4) * Mary Weber – STS-70, STS-101 * Paul J. Weitz, Paul Weitz – Skylab 2,
STS-6 STS-6 was the sixth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the maiden flight of the . Launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 4, 1983, the mission deployed the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-1, into orbit, before landing at Edwards ...
* James Wetherbee – STS-32,
STS-52 STS-52 was a Space Shuttle program, NASA Space Shuttle mission using Space Shuttle Columbia, Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', launched on October 22, 1992. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights Primary mission objectives were d ...
, STS-63,
STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the ''Mir'' space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *' ...
, STS-102, STS-113 * Ed White (astronaut), Ed White – Gemini 4,
Apollo 1 Apollo 1, initially designated AS-204, was planned to be the first crewed mission of the Apollo program, the American undertaking to land the first man on the Moon. It was planned to launch on February 21, 1967, as the first low Earth orbital ...
* Peggy Whitson – STS-111/STS-113 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 5), Soyuz TMA-11 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 16), Soyuz MS-03/Soyuz MS-04 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 51/52/53) * Terrence Wilcutt – STS-68,
STS-79 STS-79 was the 17th flight of Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'', and the 79th mission of the Space Shuttle program. The flight saw ''Atlantis'' dock with the Russian space station ''Mir'' to deliver equipment, supplies and to exchange personnel partici ...
,
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
,
STS-106 STS-106 was a 2000 Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. Crew Spacewalks * '' Lu and Malenchenko '' – EVA 1 *EVA 1 Start: 11 September 2000 – 04:47 UTC *EVA 1 End: 11 Septembe ...
* Clifton Williams * Donald E. Williams, Donald Williams – STS-51-D,
STS-34 STS-34 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using ''Atlantis''. It was the 31st shuttle mission overall, and the fifth flight for ''Atlantis''. STS-34 launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on October 18, 1989, and landed at Edwards Air For ...
* Jeffrey Williams (astronaut), Jeffrey Williams – STS-101, Soyuz TMA-8 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 13), Soyuz TMA-16 ISS expeditions, (Expedition 21/22), Soyuz TMA-20M ISS expeditions, (Expedition 47/48) * Peter Wisoff – STS-57, STS-68,
STS-81 STS-81 was a January 1997 Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Atlantis, ''Atlantis'' mission to the Mir space station. Crew Crew seat assignments Mission highlights STS-81 was the fifth of nine planned missions to Mir and the second one involving ...
, STS-92 * David Wolf (astronaut), David Wolf – STS-58,
STS-86 STS-86 was a Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' mission to the ''Mir'' space station. This was the last ''Atlantis'' mission before it was taken out of service temporarily for maintenance and upgrades, including the glass cockpit. Crew Spacewalk *' ...
/
STS-89 STS-89 was a Space Shuttle mission to the ''Mir'' space station flown by Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour, ''Endeavour'', and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida on 22 January 1998. Crew Crew notes STS-89 was originally scheduled ...
List of Mir expeditions, (Mir EO-24),
STS-112 STS-112 (ISS assembly sequence, ISS assembly flight 9A) was an 11-day Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by . Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' was launched on 7 October 2002 at 19:45 UTC from the Kennedy Space Center's ...
, STS-127 * Neil Woodward * Alfred Worden – Apollo 15


Y

* John Young (astronaut), John Young – Gemini 3, Gemini 10, Apollo 10, Apollo 16, STS-1, STS-9


Z

* George Zamka –
STS-120 STS-120 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) that launched on October 23, 2007, from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The mission is also referred to as ISS-10A by the ISS program. STS-120 delivered the ''Harmony ...
, STS-130


Selection groups

*1959 Mercury Seven, Group 1 – "The Mercury Seven" *1962 NASA Astronaut Group 2, Group 2 – "The New Nine" *1963 NASA Astronaut Group 3, Group 3 – "The Fourteen" *1965 NASA Astronaut Group 4, Group 4 – "The Scientists" *1966 NASA Astronaut Group 5, Group 5 – "The Original 19" *1967 NASA Astronaut Group 6, Group 6 – "The Excess Eleven (XS-11)" *1969 NASA Astronaut Group 7, Group 7 – USAF MOL Transfer, no official nickname (Astronauts selected from the Manned Orbiting Laboratory program) *1978 NASA Astronaut Group 8, Group 8 – "Thirty-Five New Guys (TFNG)" (class included first female candidates) *1980 NASA Astronaut Group 9, Group 9 – "19+80" *1984 NASA Astronaut Group 10, Group 10 – "The Maggots" *1985 NASA Astronaut Group 11, Group 11 – no official nickname *1987 NASA Astronaut Group 12, Group 12 – "The GAFFers" *1990 NASA Astronaut Group 13, Group 13 – "The Hairballs" *1992 NASA Astronaut Group 14, Group 14 – "The Hogs" *1994 NASA Astronaut Group 15, Group 15 – "The Flying Escargot" *1996 NASA Astronaut Group 16, Group 16 – "The Sardines" (largest class to date, 35 NASA candidates and nine international astronauts) *1998 NASA Astronaut Group 17, Group 17 – "The Penguins" *2000 NASA Astronaut Group 18, Group 18 – "The Bugs" *2004 NASA Astronaut Group 19, Group 19 – "The Peacocks" *2009 NASA Astronaut Group 20, Group 20 – "The Chumps" *2013 NASA Astronaut Group 21, Group 21 – "The 8-Balls" (composed of four male and four female candidates; highest percentage of females) *2017 NASA Astronaut Group 22, Group 22 – "The Turtles" *2021 NASA Astronaut Group 23, Group 23 – "The Flies"


See also

*Other astronaut corps: **Canadian Astronaut Corps **European Astronaut Corps **List of Indian astronauts, ISRO Astronaut Corps (India) **JAXA Astronaut Corps (Japan) **Roscosmos Cosmonaut Corps (Russia) **People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps (China) * List of astronauts by selection * Human spaceflight * History of spaceflight * United States Astronaut Hall of Fame


Notes


References


External links


NASA Astronaut Candidate Program Brochure





Astronaut Candidate Program
* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasa Astronaut Corps NASA Astronaut Corps, NASA people, * Lists of astronauts NASA lists NASA astronauts Human spaceflight programs