Astro Space Center (Russia)
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This enclave of scientific research is officially known as Astro Space Center of PN Lebedev Physics Institute, (ASC LPI, ) and is under the purview of the
Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such ...
. Generally speaking, the space center's mission focuses on
astrophysics Astrophysics is a science that employs the methods and principles of physics and chemistry in the study of astronomical objects and phenomena. As one of the founders of the discipline, James Keeler, said, astrophysics "seeks to ascertain the ...
, which includes
cosmology Cosmology () is a branch of physics and metaphysics dealing with the nature of the universe, the cosmos. The term ''cosmology'' was first used in English in 1656 in Thomas Blount's ''Glossographia'', with the meaning of "a speaking of the wo ...
. The emphasis is on accomplishing
basic research Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenome ...
in this
science Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. Modern science is typically divided into twoor threemajor branches: the natural sciences, which stu ...
. The research leads into exploring the composition, and structure of
astronomical objects An astronomical object, celestial object, stellar object or heavenly body is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists within the observable universe. In astronomy, the terms ''object'' and ''body'' are of ...
, interstellar and interplanetary space along with exploring how these evolved.


ASC divisions

The Astro Space Center is separated into three divisions, two of which are national
observatories An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed. Th ...
. These three divisions are the "'' Moscow branch''", the ''
Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory is a Russian (former Soviet) radio astronomy observatory. It was developed by Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI), Russian Academy of Sciences within a span of twenty years. It was founded on April 11, 1956, and ...
'', and ''
Kalyazin Radio Astronomy Observatory Kalyazin () is a town and the administrative center of Kalyazinsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, northeast of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History A ''sloboda'' (a ...
''. The ASC divisions accomplish research, and achieve scientific milestones, and perform administrative duties as well.


Moscow branch

The Moscow branch () is itself divided into approximately eight divisions. These branches conduct research in
Theoretical physics Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain, and predict List of natural phenomena, natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental p ...
, the thermal history of the universe, Division of Quantum Astrophysics
and MS Burgin, VL Kautz, NN Shakhvorostova "On the influence of shock transitions on cosmological hydrogen recombination spectrum"
Astronomy Letters ''Astronomy Letters'' (Russian: ''Pis’ma v Astronomicheskii Zhurnal'') is a Russian peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal covers research on all aspects of astronomy and astrophysics, including high energy astrophysics, cosmology, space ...
, v. 32, p. 1 (2006).
various properties of extragalactic objects, Space Radio Astronomy
and AE Volvach et al, "Variability of radiation blazar 3С454.3 for the period 40 years,"
Astronomical Journal ''The Astronomical Journal'' (often abbreviated ''AJ'' in scientific papers and references) is a peer-reviewed monthly scientific journal owned by the American Astronomical Society (AAS) and currently published by IOP Publishing. It is one of the ...
, 2007, Volume 84, № 6, pp. 503-513.
and design and development of space and astronomy research equipment Department of Space Electronics
/ref>


Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory

Another division of ASC LPI is the Pushchino observatory, at . It has an array of antennas running N-S and E-W, and produced a fan beam in the sky. It is sited near
Pushchino Pushchino ( rus, Пущино, p=ˈpuɕːɪnə) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, an important scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Situated south of Moscow, and 13 km south-east of Serpukhov, on the right side of the Ok ...
. It employs 45
researcher Research is creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge. It involves the collection, organization, and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to ...
s along with 60
engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, build, maintain and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials. They aim to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while ...
s and
technician A technician is a worker in a field of technology who is proficient in the relevant skill and technique, with a relatively practical understanding of the theoretical principles. Specialisation The term technician covers many different special ...
s to accomplish staff the several major departments and several labs of the observatory. These are combined with 80 other people who perform administrative duties, workshops, garage, and a staff of guards. The departments and labs are designed to focus on scientific and technical aspects of observatory sciences. The departments are as follows: Plasma astrophysics, Extragalactic radio astronomy, Pulsar physics, Space radio spectroscopy, and Pulsar astrometry. The laboratories are as follows: Radio astronomy equipment, Automation radio astronomy research, Computer engineering and information technology, and Radio telescopes of the meter wavelength range.


Kalyazin Radio Astronomy Observatory

Another, third division, is the Kalyazin Radio Astronomy Observatory, at .


Achievements of the ASC

The ASC has led the development and deployment of an international
VLBI Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a type of astronomical interferometry used in radio astronomy. In VLBI a signal from an astronomical radio source, such as a quasar, is collected at multiple radio telescopes on Earth or in space. T ...
project. It is called the
RadioAstron Spektr-R (part of RadioAstron program) (Russian: Спектр-Р) was a Russian scientific satellite with a radio telescope on board. It was launched on 18 July 2011 on a Zenit-3F launcher from Baikonur Cosmodrome, and was designed to perform r ...
. VLBI stands for (
Very Long Baseline Interferometry Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a type of astronomical interferometry used in radio astronomy. In VLBI a signal from an astronomical radio source, such as a quasar, is collected at multiple radio telescopes on Earth or in space. T ...
), for radio astronomy. It allows observations of an object that are made simultaneously by many telescopes to be combined, emulating a telescope with a size equal to the maximum separation between the telescopes.RadioAstron
Astro Space Center. April 2010.


Notable works

The following are notable works published in affiliation with Russia's ''Astro Space Center'': *


Notes


References

{{authority control Astrophysics research institutes Astronomical observatories in Russia Radio astronomy Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences Astronomy in the Soviet Union