Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren (; ; 14 November 1907 – 28 January 2002) was a Swedish writer of fiction and screenplays. She is best known for several children's book series, featuring Pippi Longstocking, Emil of Lönneberga, Karlsson-on-the-Roof, and the Six Bullerby Children (''Children of Noisy Village'' in the US), and for the

children's fantasy Children's fantasy is children's literature with fantasy elements: fantasy intended for young readers. It may also mean fantasy read ''by'' children, regardless of the intended audience. The genre has roots in folk tales such as ''Aesop's Fables ...

novels '' Mio, My Son''; '' Ronia the Robber's Daughter''; and '' The Brothers Lionheart''. Lindgren worked on the Children's Literature Editorial Board at the Rabén & Sjögren publishing house in Stockholm and wrote more than 30 books for children. In 2017, she was calculated to be the world's 18th most translated author. Lindgren had by 2010 sold roughly 167 million books worldwide. In 1994, she was awarded the Right Livelihood Award for "her unique authorship dedicated to the rights of children and respect for their individuality". Her opposition to corporal punishment of children resulted in the world's first law on the matter in 1979, while her campaigning for animal welfare led to a new law, '' Lex Lindgren'', in time for her 80th birthday.

Biography

Astrid Lindgren was born on 14 November 1907. She grew up in Näs, near Vimmerby,

Småland Småland () is a historical Provinces of Sweden, province () in southern Sweden. Småland borders Blekinge, Scania, Halland, Västergötland, Östergötland and the island Öland in the Baltic Sea. The name ''Småland'' literally means "small la ...

, Sweden. She was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson and Johanna (Hanna) Sofia Jonsson. Lindgren had an older brother and two younger sisters; the brother Gunnar became a member of the Swedish parliament. Upon finishing school, Lindgren took a job with the local newspaper, ''Vimmerby Tidning'', in Vimmerby. She had a relationship with the chief editor and became pregnant, causing a local scandal. She moved to the capital city of Stockholm and learnt the skills of a

secretary A secretary, administrative assistant, executive assistant, personal secretary, or other similar titles is an individual whose work consists of supporting management, including executives, using a variety of project management, program evalu ...

. While there in 1926 she gave birth to her only son, Lars, who was fostered for four years and then returned to her. He died in 1986. Starting in 1928, Lindgren worked as a secretary at Sweden's Royal Automobile Club (). In 1931, she married her boss, Sture Lindgren (1898–1952). In 1934, Lindgren gave birth to her second child, Karin. Lindgren died in her home in central Stockholm on 28 January 2002 at the age of 94. Her funeral took place in

Storkyrkan Storkyrkan (, ), also called Stockholms domkyrka (Stockholm Cathedral) and Sankt Nikolai kyrka (Church of Saint Nicholas), is the oldest church in Stockholm. Storkyrkan lies in the centre of Stockholm in Gamla stan, between Stockholm Palace and ...

Gamla stan Gamla Stan (, "The Old Town"), until 1980 officially Staden mellan broarna ("The Town between the Bridges"), is the old town of Stockholm, Sweden. Gamla Stan consists primarily of the island Stadsholmen. Gamla Stan includes the surrounding islets ...

. Among those attending were King

Carl XVI Gustaf Carl XVI Gustaf (Carl Gustaf Folke Hubertus; born 30 April 1946) is King of Sweden. Having reigned since 1973, he is the longest-reigning monarch in Swedish history. Carl Gustaf was born during the reign of his paternal great-grandfather, K ...

with Queen Silvia and others of the royal family, and Prime Minister

Göran Persson Hans Göran Persson (; born 20 January 1949) is a Swedish politician who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1996 to 2006 and leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party from 1996 to 2007. Persson was first elected to the Swedish Parliame ...

. The ceremony was described in ''

Dagens Nyheter (, ), abbreviated ''DN'', is a daily newspaper in Sweden. It is published in Stockholm and aspires to full national and international coverage, and is widely considered Sweden's newspaper of record A newspaper of record is a major nationa ...

'' as "the closest you can get to a

state funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements o ...

Career

{{Quote box , quote = As the children were sitting there eating pears, a girl came walking along the road from town. When she saw the children she stopped and asked, "Have you seen my papa go by?" "M-m-m," said Pippi. "How did he look? Did he have blue eyes?" "Yes," said the girl. "Medium large, not too tall and not too short?" "Yes," said the girl. "Black hat and black shoes?" "Yes, exactly," said the girl eagerly. "No, that one we haven't seen," said Pippi decidedly. , source = Astrid Lindgren, '' Pippi Longstocking'' (''Pippi Långstrump'', 1945) , width = 40% , align = right Lindgren worked as a journalist and secretary before becoming a full-time author. She served as a secretary for the 1933 Swedish Summer Grand Prix. In the early 1940s, she worked as a secretary for criminalist Harry Söderman; the ''

Norsk biografisk leksikon is the largest Norwegian biographical encyclopedia. It is part of the '' Great Norwegian Encyclopedia''. Origin The first print edition (NBL1) was issued between 1923 and 1983; it included 19 volumes and 5,100 articles. Kunnskapsforlaget to ...

'' cites this experience as an inspiration for her fictional detective Bill Bergson. In 1944, Lindgren won second prize in a competition held by the book publishing company Rabén & Sjögren, with the novel {{Lang, sv, Britt-Marie lättar sitt hjärta (''The Confidences of Britt-Marie''). In 1945 she won first prize in the same competition with the chapter book {{Lang, sv, Pippi Långstrump ('' Pippi Longstocking''), which had been rejected by the book publishing company Bonniers. (Rabén & Sjögren published it with illustrations by Ingrid Vang Nyman, the latter's debut in Sweden.) Since then it has become one of the most beloved children's books in the world and has been translated into at least 100 languages.{{cite news , last1=Henriksson , first1=Simon , title=Milstolpe för Astrid Lindgrens böcker – översatts till 100 språk , trans-title=Milestone for Astrid Lindgren's Books – Translated to 100 Languages , url=https://www.dagensvimmerby.se/nyheter/e/12328/milstolpe-for-astrid-lindgrens-bocker-oversatts-till-100-sprak/ , access-date=29 June 2023 , work=Dagens Vimmerby , date=12 May 2017 , language=Swedish , quote=Under våren utkom Pippi Långstrump på oriya, ett språk som talas i en del av Indien. Det innebär att språkgränsen 100 passerades. While Lindgren almost immediately became a much-appreciated writer, the irreverent attitude towards adult authority that distinguishes many of her characters has occasionally drawn the ire of conservatives. She travelled to America and wrote what became the 1950 book '' Kati in America'' as a series of short pieces for the Swedish women's magazine '' Damernas Värld''.{{cite web , last1=Westin , first1=Boel , last2=Grosjean , first2=Alexia (trans.) , title=Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren , url=https://www.skbl.se/en/article/AstridLindgren , publisher= Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon , location=Stockholm , access-date=9 June 2023 , date=8 March 2018 In 1956, the inaugural year of the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis, the German-language edition of {{Lang, sv, Mio, min Mio ('' Mio, My Son'') won the Children's Book Award."Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis"
{{webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729054247/http://www.djlp.jugendliteratur.org/ , date=29 July 2013 . Arbeitskreis für Jugendliteratur e.V. (DJLP).

English Key Facts. Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis. Retrieved 2013-08-05.Preisjahr "1956"
{Dead link, date=September 2023 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes . Database search report. DJLP. Retrieved 5 August 2013. See "Kategorie: Prämie". '' The Happy Lion'' by Louise Fatio and Roger Duvoisin won the main Children's Book award (Kategorie: Kinderbuch).{{efn, Sixteen books written by Lindgren made the Children's Book and Picture Book longlist between 1956 and 1975, but only ''Mio, My Son'' won a prize in its category.Personen "Lindgren, Astrid"
Database search report. DJLP. Retrieved 5 August 2013. In 1958, Lindgren received the second

Hans Christian Andersen Medal The Hans Christian Andersen Awards are two literary awards given by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), recognising one living author and one living illustrator for their "lasting contribution to children's literature". Th ...

for '' Rasmus på luffen'' (''Rasmus and the Vagabond''), a 1956 novel developed from her screenplay and filmed in 1955. The biennial

International Board on Books for Young People International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The T ...

, now considered the highest lifetime recognition available to creators of children's books, soon came to be called the Little Nobel Prize."Hans Christian Andersen Awards"

(IBBY). Retrieved 5 August 2013."Astrid Lindgren"
(pp. 24–25, by Eva Glistrup).

"Half a Century of the Hans Christian Andersen Awards"
(pp. 14–21). Eva Glistrup.
''The Hans Christian Andersen Awards, 1956–2002''. IBBY. Gyldendal. 2002. Hosted by

Austrian Literature Online Austrian Literature Online (ALO) is an Austrian digitization project by the University Library of Innsbruck, the University Library of Graz and the University of Linz. ALO is, together with Project ANNO, by the Austrian National Library, the ...

. Retrieved 31 July 2013. In her career, she wrote more than 30 books for children. In 2017, she was calculated to be the world's 18th most translated author. By 2010, she had sold roughly 167 million books worldwide.FAQ at Astrid Lindgren official site
{{Webarchive , url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811001155/http://www.astridlindgren.se/faq#faq-522 , date=11 August 2070 {{in lang, sv.

Politics

In 1976, a scandal arose in Sweden when it was publicised that Lindgren's

marginal tax rate In a tax system, the tax rate is the ratio (usually expressed as a percentage) at which a business or person is taxed. The tax rate that is applied to an individual's or corporation's income is determined by tax laws of the country and can be in ...

had risen to 102 per cent. This was to be known as the " Pomperipossa effect", from a story she published in ''

Expressen (''The Express'') is one of two nationwide evening newspapers in Sweden. Describing itself as independent liberal, was founded in 1944; its symbol is a wasp and its slogans are "it stings" or " to your rescue". The newspaper awards the cultu ...

'' on 3 March 1976, titled '' Pomperipossa in Monismania'', attacking the government and its taxation policies.{{cite book , title=Scandinavian Crime Fiction , last=Stougaard-Nielsen , first=Jakob , publisher=

Bloomsbury Publishing Bloomsbury Publishing plc is a British worldwide publishing house of fiction and non-fiction. Bloomsbury's head office is located on Bedford Square in Bloomsbury, an area of the London Borough of Camden. It has a US publishing office located in ...

, location=London , year=2017 , isbn=978-1-4725-2275-7 , page=77 It was a satirical allegory in response to the marginal tax rate Lindgren had incurred in 1976,{{cite book , title=The Swedish God , last=Biro , first=Jan , publisher=Homulus Foundation , location=Los Angeles , year=2009 , isbn=978-0-9842103-0-5 , page=55 which required self-employed individuals to pay both regular

income tax An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times the taxable income. Tax ...

and employers' deductions. In a stormy tax debate, she attracted criticism from Social Democrats and others. She responded by raising the issue of the lack of women involved in the Social Democrats' campaign. In that year's general election, the

Social Democratic Social democracy is a Social philosophy, social, Economic ideology, economic, and political philosophy within socialism that supports Democracy, political and economic democracy and a gradualist, reformist, and democratic approach toward achi ...

government was voted out for the first time in 44 years, and the Lindgren tax debate was one of several controversies that may have contributed to that result. Another controversy involved

Ingmar Bergman Ernst Ingmar Bergman (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish film and theatre director and screenwriter. Widely considered one of the greatest and most influential film directors of all time, his films have been described as "profoun ...

's farewell letter to Sweden after charges had been made against him of tax evasion. Lindgren nevertheless remained a Social Democrat for the rest of her life. In 1978, when she received the '' Peace Prize of the German Book Trade'', Lindgren spoke against corporal punishment of children in a speech entitled '' Never Violence!'' After that, she teamed up with scientists, journalists and politicians to promote non-violent upbringing. In 1979, a law was introduced in Sweden prohibiting violence against children in response to her demands.{{cite news , last=Pfeiffer , first=Christian , title=Astrid Lindgrens große Provokation , language=de , trans-title=Astrid Lindgren's Great Provocation , newspaper=

Süddeutsche Zeitung The ''Süddeutsche Zeitung'' (; ), published in Munich, Bavaria, is one of the largest and most influential daily newspapers in Germany. The tone of ''SZ'' is mainly described as centre-left, liberal, social-liberal, progressive-liberal, and ...

, url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/leben/gewaltfreie-erziehung-astrid-lindgrens-grosse-provokation-1.4179081 , date=22 October 2018 Until then there was no such law anywhere in the world. From 1985 to 1989, Lindgren, with veterinarian Kristina Forslund, wrote articles concerning animal protection and mass production in the Swedish newspapers ''

'' and ''

''. They wanted to launch an awareness campaign to promote better animal treatment in factory farming. Eventually, their activities led to a new law which was called '' Lex Lindgren'' was presented to Lindgren on her 80th birthday. During that time it was the strictest law concerning animal welfare in the world. However, Lindgren and Forslund were unsatisfied with it. Not enough had been done and only minor changes occurred. The articles Forslund and Lindgren wrote were later published in the book '' Min ko vill ha roligt'' (My cow wants to have fun). Lindgren was well known both for her support for children's and

animal rights Animal rights is the philosophy according to which many or all Animal consciousness, sentient animals have Moral patienthood, moral worth independent of their Utilitarianism, utility to humans, and that their most basic interests—such as ...

and for her opposition to

corporal punishment A corporal punishment or a physical punishment is a punishment which is intended to cause physical pain to a person. When it is inflicted on Minor (law), minors, especially in home and school settings, its methods may include spanking or Padd ...

and the EU. In 1994, she received the Right Livelihood Award, "For her commitment to justice, non-violence and understanding of minorities as well as her love and caring for nature." She was a member of the

freedom of speech Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction. The rights, right to freedom of expression has been r ...

-promoting, anti-imperialist organization Folket i Bild/Kulturfront.

Honours and memorials

In 1967, the publisher Rabén & Sjögren established an annual

literary prize A literary award or literary prize is an award presented in recognition of a particularly lauded literary piece or body of work. It is normally presented to an author. Organizations Most literary awards come with a corresponding award ceremony. Man ...

, the Astrid Lindgren Prize, to mark her 60th birthday. The prize—40,000

Swedish kronor The krona (; plural: ''kronor''; currency sign, sign: kr; ISO 4217, code: SEK) is the currency of Sweden. Both the ISO code "SEK" and currency sign "kr" are in common use for the krona; the former precedes or follows the value, the latter usual ...

—is awarded to a Swedish-language children's writer every year on Lindgren's birthday in November. In 1995, she was awarded the Illis quorum gold medal by the Swedish government. On her 90th birthday, she was pronounced International Swede of the Year 1997. In its entry on Scandinavian fantasy, ''

The Encyclopedia of Fantasy ''The Encyclopedia of Fantasy'' is a 1997 reference work covering fantasy fiction, edited by John Clute and John Grant (author), John Grant. As of November 2012, the full text of ''The Encyclopedia of Fantasy'' is available online, as a compani ...

'' named Lindgren the foremost Swedish contributor to modern children's fantasy. Its entry on Lindgren stated that "Her niche in children's fantasy remains both secure and exalted. Her stories and images can never be forgotten." Following Lindgren's death, the

government of Sweden The Government of the Kingdom of Sweden () is the Cabinet (government), national cabinet of Sweden, and the country's Executive (government), executive authority. The Government consists of the Prime Minister of Sweden, Prime Minister and their ...

instituted the

Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award The Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award () is an international children's literary award established by the Swedish government in 2002 to honour the Swedish children's author Astrid Lindgren (1907–2002). The prize is five million SEK, making it ...

in her memory. The award is the world's largest monetary award for children's and youth literature, in the amount of five million Swedish kronor."International Activities"
{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107024034/http://www.kulturradet.se/en/In-English/International-activities/ , date=7 November 2017 . Swedish Arts Council. Retrieved 12 June 2013.Flood, Alison (20 March 2012)
"Dutch author Guus Kuijer wins Astrid Lindgren memorial award"
{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812191558/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/mar/20/guus-kuijer-astrid-lindgren-award , date=12 August 2022 . ''

The Guardian ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'' and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister paper, ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardi ...

''. Quote: "... the world's richest children's books prize, the Astrid Lindgren memorial award." The collection of Lindgren's original manuscripts in the

National Library of Sweden The National Library of Sweden (, ''KB'', meaning "the Royal Library") is Sweden's national library. It collects and preserves all domestic printed and audio-visual materials in Swedish, as well as content with Swedish association published ab ...

in Stockholm was placed on

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...

Memory of the World Register UNESCO's Memory of the World (MoW) Programme is an international initiative to safeguard the documentary heritage of humanity against collective amnesia, neglect, decay over time and climatic conditions, as well as deliberate destruction. It ca ...

in 2005. On 6 April 2011, Sweden's central bank

Sveriges Riksbank Sveriges Riksbank, or simply the Riksbank, is the central bank of Sweden. Founded in 1668, it is the world's oldest surviving central bank, and the third oldest bank in continuous operation. Prior to World War I, it was also the only state- ...

announced that Lindgren's portrait would feature on the 20 kronor banknote, beginning in 2014–2015. The banknote had before that featured the Swedish author

Selma Lagerlöf Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf (, , ; 20 November 1858 – 16 March 1940) was a Swedish writer. She published her first novel, ''Gösta Berling's Saga'', at the age of 33. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, which she was ...

. In 2018, Pernille Fischer Christensen directed the film '' Becoming Astrid'' (Swedish: ''Unga Astrid''), a biographical drama about Lindgren's early life.

Nobel Prize in Literature

1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...

, Lindgren was nominated for the

Nobel Prize in Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature, here meaning ''for'' Literature (), is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in ...

by German literary critic Klaus Doderer and Austrian librarian Josef Stummvoll.

Asteroid Lindgren

Asteroid 3204 Lindgren, discovered in 1978 by Soviet astronomer

Nikolai Chernykh Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh ( rus, Никола́й Степа́нович Черны́х, , nʲɪkɐˈlaj sʲtʲɪˈpanəvʲɪtɕ tɕɪrˈnɨx, links=yes; 6 October 1931 – 25 May 2004Казакова, Р.К. Памяти Николая Сте ...

, was named after her. The name of the Swedish

microsatellite A microsatellite is a tract of repetitive DNA in which certain Sequence motif, DNA motifs (ranging in length from one to six or more base pairs) are repeated, typically 5–50 times. Microsatellites occur at thousands of locations within an organ ...

Astrid 1, launched on 24 January 1995, was originally selected only as a common Swedish female name, but within a short time it was decided to name the payload instruments after characters in Lindgren's books: PIPPI (Prelude in Planetary Particle Imaging), EMIL (Electron Measurements – In-situ and Lightweight), and MIO (Miniature Imaging Optics).

Astrid's Wellspring

In memory of Lindgren, a memorial sculpture was created next to her childhood home, named {{Lang, sv, Källa Astrid ("Astrid's Wellspring" in English). It is situated at the spot where Lindgren first heard

fairy tales A fairy tale (alternative names include fairytale, fairy story, household tale, magic tale, or wonder tale) is a short story that belongs to the Folklore, folklore genre. Such stories typically feature Magic (supernatural), magic, Incantation, e ...

. The sculpture consists of an artistic representation of a young person's head (1.37 m high), flattened on top, in the corner of a square pond, and, just above the water, a ring of rosehip thorns. Lindgren's childhood home is near the statue and open to the public. Just {{convert, 100, m, ft from Astrid's Wellspring is a museum in her memory. The author is buried in Vimmerby, where the Astrid Lindgren's World theme park is located. The children's museum Junibacken, in Stockholm, was opened in June 1996 with the main theme of the permanent exhibition being devoted to Lindgren; at the heart of the museum is a theme train ride through the world of Lindgren's novels. File:Sagornas död.jpg, ''Källa Astrid'' (Astrid's Wellspring) by {{ill, Berit Lindfeldt, sv File:Astridmuseum.jpg, Lindgren Museum File:Astridgrave.jpg, Lindgren gravesite File:Staty av Astrid Lindgren.jpg, Lindgren at her typewriter. Statue created by Marie-Louise Ekman, in the centre of Vimmerby

Works

Bibliography

{{main, Astrid Lindgren bibliography, Astrid Lindgren's plays Lindgren is best known for her children's book series featuring Pippi Longstocking, Emil of Lönneberga, Karlsson-on-the-Roof, and the Six Bullerby Children, and for the

novels '' Mio, My Son'', '' Ronia the Robber's Daughter'', and '' The Brothers Lionheart''. Although best known for her children's and youth books, she has also worked in many other genres, with for example song lyrics,

debate Debate is a process that involves formal discourse, discussion, and oral addresses on a particular topic or collection of topics, often with a moderator and an audience. In a debate, arguments are put forward for opposing viewpoints. Historica ...

articles, realistic

autobiographical An autobiography, sometimes informally called an autobio, is a self-written account of one's own life, providing a personal narrative that reflects on the author's experiences, memories, and insights. This genre allows individuals to share thei ...

works like '' Samuel August from Sevedstorp and Hanna i Hult'' and

contemporary history Contemporary history, in English-language historiography, is a subset of modern history that describes the historical period from about 1945 to the present. In the social sciences, contemporary history is also continuous with, and related t ...

like '' War Diaries, 1939–1945''.

Translations

By 2012, Lindgren's books had been translated into 95 different languages or variants. The first chapter of ''Ronja the Robber's Daughter'' has in addition been translated into

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

. By 1997, some 3,000 editions of her books had been issued internationally. By the time of her death, her books had sold a total of 80 million copies.{{cite news , last1=Jones , first1=Nicolette , title=Obituary: Astrid Lindgren , url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/jan/29/guardianobituaries.books , access-date=9 June 2023 , work=

, date=29 January 2002 By 2010 that had risen to around 167 million books worldwide.

Filmography

{{main, List of adaptations of works by Astrid Lindgren The adaptation of Lindgren's books for film started with Rolf Husberg's 1947 '' Bill Bergson, Master Detective''.{{cite web , url=https://www.zauberspiegel-online.de/index.php/was-zum-schauen-junior-416/9090-astrid-lindgren-in-film-und-fernsehen-teil-2 , title=Die Astrid Lindgren-Verfilmungen Teil 2 , access-date=23 June 2023 , archive-date=23 June 2023 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623201245/https://www.zauberspiegel-online.de/index.php/was-zum-schauen-junior-416/9090-astrid-lindgren-in-film-und-fernsehen-teil-2 , url-status=dead This was followed in 1949 by Per Gunvall's adaptation of ''Pippi Longstocking'', and then by many others.{{cite web , last1=Sjöberg , first1=Daniel , title=6 classic Astrid Lindgren films every child in Sweden should see , url=https://allmogens.se/en/6-klassiska-astrid-lindgren-filmer/ , website=Allmogens , access-date=11 June 2023 , date=14 August 2018

Explanatory notes

{{Notelist

References

{{Reflist, 30em

External links

{{Commons, Astrid Lindgren {{Wikivoyage, Astrid Lindgren tourism
AstridLindgren.se
– official site produced by license holders * {{IMDb name, id=0511807, name=Astrid Lindgren
Astrid Lindgren's World
– official site of the theme park
Astrid Lindgrens Näs
– official site produced by the Astrid Lindgren-museum and culture center Astrid Lindgrens Näs in Vimmerby

– Right Livelihood Award (1994) * {{Books and Writers , id=alindgr , name=Astrid Lindgren
Astrid spacecraft description
at

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...

Space Science Data Coordinated Archive {{Astrid Lindgren {{Media based on Astrid Lindgren works {{Hans Christian Andersen Medal {{Navboxes , title = Associated subjects , list1= {{Pippi Longstocking {{Bill Bergson {{Emil i Lönneberga {{Selma Lagerlöf Prize {{Authority control {{DEFAULTSORT:Lindgren, Astrid 1907 births 2002 deaths 20th-century Swedish screenwriters 20th-century Swedish novelists 20th-century Swedish women writers Animal welfare workers Children's rights activists Children's songwriters Hans Christian Andersen Award for Writing winners Litteris et Artibus recipients Memory of the World Register People from Vimmerby Municipality Recipients of the Illis quorum Selma Lagerlöf Prize winners Swedish women radio presenters Swedish children's writers Swedish eurosceptics Swedish fantasy writers Swedish pacifists Swedish satirists Swedish women satirists Swedish Social Democratic Party Swedish women children's writers Swedish women screenwriters Swedish-language writers Swedish women science fiction and fantasy writers Writers from Kalmar County